Sentences with phrase «subsurface water»

"Subsurface water" refers to water that is located beneath the Earth's surface. It can be found in underground reservoirs, aquifers, or even in soil and rocks. Full definition
The instrument, a neutron detector, spotted pockets of subsurface water ice.
Lead Scientist Jennifer MacKinnon operates controls of equipment that's been deployed from the Sikuliaq to monitor the turbulent mixing of warmer subsurface water with cooler surface water.
This change reduces the upwelling of cool subsurface water and cuts off the supply of nutrient - rich cold water upwelling from below.
Among other things, GRACE may have found a crater deep under the Antarctic ice that may mark an asteroid impact greater than the one that doomed the dinosaurs, measured the seafloor displacement that triggered the tsunami of 2004, and quantified changes in subsurface water in the Amazon and Congo river basins.
The Mars Express observations hint at greater methane concentrations over areas containing subsurface water ice.
Off the west coasts of the American continents in the trade - wind belts, upwelling of cold subsurface water causes the overlying air to be cooled below its dew point (the air temperature below which water vapour condenses as dew), with the consequent widespread formation of low, thick clouds.
Fendorf noted that as more communities consider manipulating groundwater resources and increasing subsurface water storage, the risk of large - scale contamination increases.
But now upwelled subsurface waters were cooler by 4 to 9 °C.
Marked by the red arrow most of Greenland's ice loss has happened in the southeast region, precisely where the brunt of warm subsurface waters entered the Irminger Current.
Localized rapid warming of West Antarctic subsurface waters by remote winds (Nature Climate Change)
Even as phytoplankton blooms sequester new carbon, the upwelling of deep, subsurface water currents in the region bring old, once - sequestered carbon back to the surface waters, allowing for exchange with the atmosphere.
System of cracks and valleys may have formed when subsurface waters froze and expanded to shatter an icy veneer
During the flood, subsurface water removed even more heat, because the fluid was supercritical water (SCW).
As with most City builders, players need to gather local resources using solar technology, mining and quarry equipment, and subsurface water extractors.
This suggests that their global model might actually be fairly accurate, and if so, kelp forests would be prolific in tropical subsurface waters worldwide.
Heat can change ocean dynamics and eventually will increase glacial melting, which is mainly responding to subsurface water rather than air warming.
Arctic subsurface waters are also warmer than normal, meaning that ice formation over the winter will be lower than usual.
(Dekens 2007), corresponding to the cooling by Antarctic Bottom waters and its effect on subsurface waters.
In addition, the effect of higher rates of precipitation associated with El Nino also cause greater slippage between geologic layers that differ in their ability to handle subsurface water flows.
The temperature of the water below the surface remained above - average, as the large area of warmer - than - average subsurface waters continued to move slowly to the east (a downwelling Kelvin wave).
Intruding water maintains a thick layer of warmer subsurface water several hundred meters thick.
The Mars Ice House has created an action plan for the deployment and construction sequence involving a Mars descent vehicle, a deployable membrane, and semi-autonomous robotic printers to gather and deposit subsurface water ice for the 3D printing of the house.
Studying how that turbulence mixes relatively warm subsurface water with colder water at the surface.
As the colder AAIW flows back towards the equator it modulates the global temperature by cooling subsurface waters that would potentially reach tropical surfaces via upwelling.
When strong storm winds churn up cold subsurface water, the cooler waters can serve to weaken the storm.
«Globally, as we're pushing our water resources, the use of groundwater, the replenishment of groundwater and subsurface water storage are all on the rise,» said study co-author Scott Fendorf, the Huffington Family Professor in Earth Sciences and a senior fellow by courtesy at the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment.
Indeed, the University of Hawaii study comes to a rather obvious conclusion: «These observations are the first of their kind in scope and in number, and they suggest that more attention should be given to marine debris in subsurface waters, as well as to the potential food web implications for human consumption.»
What is needed to successfully exploit all that energy, according to Nevada geologist James Faulds, is investment in more detailed geologic mapping, three - dimensional modeling of underground water flows, and testing of water chemistry that can indicate the temperature of subsurface waters.
If sulfide - rich subsurface waters posed a continuing challenge to eukaryotic organisms, the shift to iron - rich subsurface waters would have removed this challenge.
New NOAA - led research maps the distribution of aragonite saturation state in both surface and subsurface waters of the global ocean and provides further evidence that ocean acidification is happening on a global scale.
They found that in northwest Greenland, cold and fresh water flowing into glacial fjords from the melting surface of the ice sheet is cooling the warmer subsurface water, which circulates clockwise around the island.
Characterizing the ice shell and any subsurface water, and the nature of surface - ice - ocean exchange
Such areas on the surface would provide another ideal way to learn more about Europa's subsurface water, if indeed there is a connection between them and the ocean.
But the role of subsurface water is not limited to these zones.
Scientists have only recently begun to study the subsurface water cycle, which promises to be as important as the more familiar surface water cycle to the character of the planet.
«I think this is pretty interesting evidence that says yes there's is subsurface water,» Christensen said, adding that aquifers, snow packs and ground ice are all plausible sources for liquid martian water.
Although Earthlike microbes «wouldn't be so happy» on Titan's surface, Spilker says it's the subsurface water that we'd want to avoid contaminating.
The mission objectives are to characterize the ice shell and any subsurface water, understand the habitability of Europa's ocean, and to understand the formation of surface features.
After participation in a ship expedition with RV SONNE to the North Pacific in summer 2018, the tasks include to reconstruct the spatial and temporal changes in near - surface and subsurface water temperatures in the North Pacific, salinity, thermocline depth, and water mass stratification of the upper oceanic surface using geochemical proxy parameters, e.g. in planktic microfossils.
They can all be addressed principally by understanding the geological characteristics of the planet - the types of rocks present, their absolute and relative ages, the distribution of subsurface water, the history of volcanic activity, the distribution of life - forming elements and compounds, and others.
«If those plumes are connected with the subsurface water ocean we are confident exists under Europa's crust, then this means that future investigations can directly investigate the chemical makeup of Europa's potentially habitable environment without drilling through layers of ice.
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