Sentences with phrase «such as antigen»

The information obtained from repeating diagnostic tests such as antigen and antibody measurement, x-rays, and echocardiograms can be helpful in determining whether or not medical management is effective as well as determining an individual cat's risk of further complications.

For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.

Not exact matches

Bellicum is among the flurry of biotechs investing heavily into cell therapies such as experimental chimeric antigen receptor T - cell (CAR - T) treatments for cancer (this is the next - gen treatment that involves reprogramming immune cells to become cancer killers and has shown promise in blood cancers, which Bellicum specializes in).

There are several pathways where diet may influence intestinal inflammation, such as direct dietary antigens, altering the gut microbiome, and affecting gastrointestinal permeability.

This usually involves specific stool tests for the Cryptosporidium parasite, such as the Cryptosporidium antigen test, which your pediatrician can order.

To target liposomes to certain tissues or cells, such as tumour cells, a specific binder of a unique protein (an antigen) on the targeted cell, known as a monoclonal antibody, must be linked to the liposome surface.

Skin grafts of such transgenic mice were rejected by normal C57BL / 10 mice, suggesting that the foreign SLA antigen expressed in the transgenic mice is recognized as a functional transplantation antigen.

The tools included TCRdist, which researchers used to calculate the similarity and differences of key features of T cell receptors, such as amino acid sequences in important regions for antigen recognition.

The antigen comes from a virus, SV40, linked to human cancers such as brain and bone cancers, mesothelioma and lymphoma.

When antigens such as viruses and vaccines enter the human body, germinal centers are produced within secondary lymph nodes and memory B cells are then induced from germinal - center B cells.

When re-exposed to antigens such as bacteria or viruses, our bodies get rid of antigens by producing more antibodies than in the primary response.

Spontaneous immune responses were assessed by measuring serum antibodies against ovarian cancer - associated antigens, such as NY - ESO - 1, that are not expressed in normal body tissues but are expressed in cancers.

Some of these screening methods include visual inspection or procedures such as mammography, Pap smears, colonoscopy, fecal occult blood tests and prostate - specific antigen testing.

These shared T cell antigen receptors were found only among cells from psoriatic patients, not in cells from healthy controls or people with skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis.

Checkpoint inhibitors are monoclonal antibodies that target certain proteins that downregulate the immune system, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD - 1), programmed death - ligand 1 (PD - L1) and cytotoxic T - lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA - 4).

«The retraction states that Mignot and his colleagues were unable to replicate the results of the ELISpot assay, a widely used method for measuring how immune system cells such as T cells respond to fragments of foreign proteins, called antigens,» Underwood writes.

Also characteristics of tumour cells such as a protein which is too abundant in the cell envelope are called antigens.

The current acellular vaccine, purified down to three antigens, was introduced in 1997 to replace the previous whole - cell vaccine, after side effects such as fever and crying dissuaded many parents from starting or completing the three doses of vaccine required by six months of age.

Thirty percent of the 100 most significantly correlated transcripts encoded proteins characteristically expressed by macrophages, such as the CSF - 1 receptor (τ statistic = 0.60, P = 4.5 × 10 — 5) and the CD68 antigen (τ statistic = 0.75, P = 2.9 × 10 — 7).

By developing blood biomarkers and «immunologic signatures» related to antigen - specific T - cell responses, the researchers hope to identify individuals with latent TB infection who are at greatest risk for progression to active disease, allowing development of prevention strategies to target those at highest risk in areas with high rates of infection (usually low - and middle - income countries), as well as high income countries such as the U.S., where factors such as recent infection and HIV co-infection are associated with an increased risk of progression to active TB.

Precious patient samples, contamination concerns, and limited product purification options have compelled manufacturers of cellular immunotherapies (iTx) such as chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR - T) and T - cell receptor (TCR) technologies toward the disposables industry.

antigen - a foreign substance (such as a virus) that enters the body causes the body's immune system to respond.

CRI: Can CAR T cells be engineered to go after any cancer marker, such as NY - ESO - 1 or other cancer antigens?

In people with type 1 diabetes, however, the training goes wrong and insulin is mistaken for a foreign antigen, such as a virus, that needs to be eradicated.

«For example, despite matching the ABO blood group antigens during red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, up to 45 percent of chronically transfused patients, such as those with sickle cell disease or thalassemia, develop antibodies to mismatched minor antigens on transfused RBCs; this process is known as alloimmunization.»

Charles Janeway introduces the hypothesis that «components of the innate [immune] system, especially antigen - presenting cells such as DCs, required the microbial stimuli contained in [adjuvants] to become activated and acquire the capacity to induce productive responses from antigen - specific lymphocytes.

We have also have adopted a number of lines of study into the regulation of cytokine production and effector cell responses such, as cytotoxicity, in the response of Vα14 iNKT cells to glycolipid antigens or IL - 12 from activated DCs.

Diagnosis of BPDCN was confirmed by the positivity of the cells for CD4 and CD56, along with other markers that are more restricted to plasmacytoid dendritic cells (such as CD123), and the negativity of the cells for lymphoid, NK and myeloid lineage - associated antigens.

The main mechanism includes phagocytosis of macrophages which play a critical role in nonspecific defense (innate immunity) and, moreover; they have a role as antigen presenters which also help initiate specific defense mechanisms (adaptive immunity) by recruiting other immune cells such as lymphocytes.

Recipient antigen presenting cells (APC) such as DC process alloantigen into peptides and present these to naive T cells on self - MHC molecules 73.

«Although molecules such as FcRn do function in the immune system, in that they transport immunoglobulin, they certainly don't present antigens to T cell receptors, the primary function of MHC proteins,» said Bjorkman.

Research into such therapies as chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR - T) cancer therapies and stem - cell regenerative medicines demand the isolation and purification of viable and functional target cells.

We show that synNotch receptors can be used to sculpt custom response programs in primary T cells: they can drive a la carte cytokine secretion profiles, biased T cell differentiation, and local delivery of non-native therapeutic payloads, such as antibodies, in response to antigen.

«Paradoxically, the study does offer some good news for those working on live vaccines or live vaccine vectors because these are not just vaccine antigens but organisms in their own right that necessarily manipulate host responses (such as those involving IL28B) for their own survival.

Immunohistochemical demonstration of Cyclin D1 have become an important mean for assessing cell proliferation, therefore the immunohistological demonstration of cell cycle related antigens such as CDKs which regulated by the different cyclins could provide a good tool for assessment of cellular proliferation [11].

Inductive sites include regions such as mucosa - associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) and local / regional mucosa - draining lymph nodes, where antigens from mucosal surfaces stimulate naive T and B lymphocytes.

Such features as its actual target antigen were revealed only inconsistently and through secondary sources (such as a series of Michael J Fox Foundation blog posts and a third - party review article [14]-RRB-, and only hints of their preclinical studies with the agent were disclosed (mostly [9,11]-RSuch features as its actual target antigen were revealed only inconsistently and through secondary sources (such as a series of Michael J Fox Foundation blog posts and a third - party review article [14]-RRB-, and only hints of their preclinical studies with the agent were disclosed (mostly [9,11]-Rsuch as a series of Michael J Fox Foundation blog posts and a third - party review article [14]-RRB-, and only hints of their preclinical studies with the agent were disclosed (mostly [9,11]-RRB-.

These are more specific therapies such as monoclonal antibodies and cancer vaccines, which target specific tumor antigens.

Our immuno - oncology product candidates are being developed in two separate approaches: one that targets specific antigens and / or epitopes (such as CMB305 and in our neoantigen collaboration); and an alternative approach that leverages the endogenous antigens found in the tumor microenvironment via intratumoral immunization (such as G100).

This novel vaccine encodes the tumor antigen TERT, which is highly expressed in tumor cells, and is particularly high in tumor samples from patients with mutations in DNA damage repair pathways, such as the BRCA1 / BRCA2 pathway.

Instead of targeting specific tumor antigens, this approach relies on endogenous antigens (including neoantigens) released during tumor lysis by treatments such as chemotherapy or local radiation.

Techniques such as flow cytometry, genomics and multiple cell culture techniques can help determine T - cells reactivity to antigen as well as help find unknown antigens.

The development of a standardized method to express large panels of P. falciparum cell surface and secreted proteins in their native conformation would enable comprehensive protein libraries to be systematically screened in parallel so that direct comparisons between antigens can be made in functional assays such as vaccine screening and immuno - epidemiology studies.

These proteins bind to specific antigen proteins on the surface of foreign bodies such as bacteria and viruses in order to neutralize or disarm them.

We have also investigated whether inhibition of MHC class II antigen presentation by lysosomotropic agents such as chloroquine can inhibit T cell responses to MiHC and development of GVHD.

A strong immune response whereby DCs are activated and can express antigens, as well as secrete a number of inflammatory cytokines that lead to the activation of other immune cells, such as NK cells.

The pathways that connect expression of stem cell surface glycoconjugates such as the TRA -1-60 / GCTM - 2 antigen, receptors, and growth factors in human and even mouse ES cells with the transcriptional networks that regulate pluripotency remain unclear.

Capacity for substantial genetic payload supports multiple tumor antigens or a combination of tumor antigens and other immune stimulatory molecules, such as checkpoint inhibitors.

They found that these killer T - cells are highly «cross-reactive», and respond to a variety of pathogen - derived antigens, which could lead to the breaking of self - tolerance and to the development of autoimmune disease, such as type 1 diabetes.

We believe that when G100 is administered with mechanisms that kill, or lyse, tumor cells (such as radiation), it may cause dendritic cells near the lysed tumor to activate and capture the wide range of released endogenous tumor antigens.