Sentences with phrase «such as atoms»

Particles such as atoms and electrons possess spin, or the internal angular momentum that is analogous to a skater spinning on ice.

Another way of producing a solid, however, is by jamming particles (such as atoms, molecules, or even grains of sand) together, physically constraining their movements under high pressure.

When quantum objects such as atoms are entangled, measuring one has a direct and predictable effect on the other.

String theory has emerged as the most promising approach to unifying quantum mechanics — the laws governing very, very small things such as atoms, nuclei and quarks — with general relativity, which describes the world on a scale as large as that of stars and galaxies.

When working with nano structures such as atoms, which measure only 0.3 nanometers, three electrodes would inevitably cause a short - circuit.

Quantum particles such as atoms and molecules have an uncanny ability to appear in two places at once, spin clockwise and anticlockwise at the same time, or instantaneously influence each other when they are half a universe apart.

But a practical quantum computer, Polzik notes, requires the transfer of information between a data stream, such as light, and a stored quantum state, such as the atoms in a hard drive.

Rather than processing and storing information as bits in transistors or memories, which limit information to the binary» 1» or» 0», quantum computers would instead use quantum systems, such as atoms, ions, or electrons, as «qubits» to process and store «quantum information» in, which can be in an infinite number of combinations of» 1 and 0».

They were also given more than 4800 descriptors for each molecule, such as the atoms included, their arrangement, and geometry, which constituted a separate set of more than 2 million data points.

They can therefore be employed to observe particles with dimensions of less than 1 nanometer, such as atoms.

Quantum computing's promise is rooted in quantum mechanics, the counterintuitive physics that governs tiny entities such as atoms, electrons and molecules.

To most physicists, it is little more than a convenient way of calculating how quantum systems such as atoms should behave.

It is not a building block in the sense in which entities such as atoms and cells are.

Instead of thinking of entities such as atoms as bits of matter that relate to other bits of matter, we think of atoms and other entities as occasions of experience themselves.

Just as substances like chairs and tables can be analyzed into component substances such as atoms; so also events like wars and conversations can be analyzed into the component events that make them up.

The research team created four variants of the engineered molecule, each of which contained a PBA molecule with a different chemical modification, such as an atom of fluorine and nitrogen.

Other Kirkman creations such as Tech Jacket and The Astounding Wolf - Man have found themselves joining up with Earth's costumed defender from time to time, while Invincible characters such as Atom Eve and Guardians of the Globe have spun off into solo adventures.

The driving position is low and snug, with little of the perceived vulnerability you feel in a more exposed car such as an Atom or Seven.

Publishers have recognised SFF's appeal to younger readers, publishing such titles within their main lists or through imprints such as Atom (Orbit) and Strange Chemistry (Angry Robot).

In physics, the mean free path is the average distance travelled by a moving particle (such as an atom, a molecule, a photon) between successive impacts (collisions), [1] which modify its direction or energy or other particle properties.

Not exact matches

The nuclear power plants in use around the world today use fission, or the splitting of heavy atoms such as uranium, to release energy for electricity.

Do not atoms follow a strict set of physical guidelines, such as magnetism?

Biology can be designated as a science logically distinct from physics and chemistry because its heuristic field is constituted by questions directed toward whole organisms (plants and animals), cells and their «achievements» rather than toward atoms and molecules as such.

The atom is not just inaccessible to direct observation and unimaginable in terms of sensory qualities; it can not even be described coherently in terms of classical concepts such as space, time and causality.

But this would be most marked for those philosophers of physics who tend to reduce all to a posited low - level common denominator such as bosons, or atoms or (in Richard Dawkins case) genes.

Since aggregates, such as rocks, are made up of sub-atomic particles, atoms, and molecules, intrinsic value is also limited for aggregates.

If we are a bunch of atoms randomly headed to nowhere in particular, that is not a basis for thought, discussion, or the very concept that there can be such a thing as morality.

Indeed, to fuse together the human multitude (even taken in its present state of super-compression) without crushing it, it seems essential that there should be a field of attraction at once powerful and irreversible, and such as can not emanate collectively from a simple nebula of reflecting atoms, but which requires as its source a self - subsisting, strongly personalized star.

there's really no room for the concept of an independent entity possessed of «will» in a worldview shaped by cause and effect; the only place for «will» to retreat to is the zone of true randomness, of complete uncertainty, which means that truly free will as such must be completely inscrutible [sic]... Statistical laws govern the decay of a block of uranium, but whether or not this atom of uranium chooses to fission in this instant is a completely unpredictable event — fundamentally unpredictable, something which simply can not be known — which is equally good evidence for the proposition that it's God's (or the atom's) will whether it splits or remains whole, as for the proposition that it's random chance.

In the latter, a higher - level of actuality has emerged, thereby giving the society as a whole a unity of experience and activity Kim's position, however, does not allow for such a distinction: «Atoms and their mereological aggregates exhaust all of concrete existence....

We presume that some of the subsocieties of the body, such as cells and atoms, attain moments of individuality just as the whole animal does.

Every year we read more of the unimaginably minute particles such as electrons, protons, positrons, mesons, and others named and described in quick succession as science advances, which form the outer particles and the inner nuclei of the atom.

Just as physics generalizes variables of movement so that they can apply not only to a human hunter and his fleeing prey, but also to stars, planets, atoms, and photons, so psychics needs to generalize such ideas as feeling, perceiving, remembering, anticipating, intending, liking and disliking, so that they can apply not only to animals, but even to the real individual constituents of the vegetable and mineral portions of nature.

He insists that such compounds of lower - level entities as atoms, molecules, and cells must be recognized as having individual existence in their own right, whereas he finds Whitehead attributing to them only social unity.

Clay minerals consist of crystals in which atoms of silicon, oxygen and a number of metals, such as aluminum, iron and various rarer and less frequent ones, are arranged in a three - dimensional lattice.

An analogous argument is quite applicable to other levels of organization such as that of electrons and protons in atoms.

If he doesn't control all the atoms, then there must be natural events, such as tornados, disease, earthquakes, etc. that happen without his control or direction.

Todays scientists do scoff at such an idea and they have renamed an old fling to call these «elemental gods as being atoms putting to bed the ancient Theological philosophers» understandings.

We will be concerned, however, with mental models of systems which for various reasons can not be represented by replicas, such as the economy of a nation, the electrons in an atom or the biblical God.

Lest he be misunderstood, he says that panpsychism does not for once question the real existence of such entities as atoms or electrons but merely insists that such individuals must «feel» and «will» He does not shrink from the view that electrons «enjoy» their existence and deliberately alter their orbits in order to obtain vivid contrasts and thus avoid being bored.30

Moreover, most contemporary Westerners would include minds, bodies, atoms, bacteria, airplanes, and mountains in the class of things which they know to be real; but they may be uncertain about the status in reality of God, mathematical entities, and logical concepts such as «possibility.»

Questions such as whether the language of «faith» has any authority in a scientific age, or whether mind and life are reducible to atoms and molecules, whether only the tangible is real, whether the human person is anything more than a complex physico - chemical mechanism, whether we are free or determined, whether there is any «objective» truth to the symbols and myths of religion — all of these questions are asked at all only because what is fundamentally at issue is whether there is an ultimate context that gives meaning to cosmic process and significance to our lives in this process.

Thus it is meaningless to ask the question: What is a physical system such as a nebula, an atom or a solar system for?

As emergentists, too, would say; such properties as inflammability, ductility, and temperature of macro-objects are not among the properties of individual molecules or atomAs emergentists, too, would say; such properties as inflammability, ductility, and temperature of macro-objects are not among the properties of individual molecules or atomas inflammability, ductility, and temperature of macro-objects are not among the properties of individual molecules or atoms.

c. Evolution is on equally solid ground as other scientific theories such as gravitational theory (gravity), heliocentric theory (earth orbits the sun), germ theory (disease is caused by germs), atomic theory (matter is composed of atoms).

So for the current technology that we have, it makes more sense to stick with [molecules with fewer carbon atoms] such as ethylene or carbon monoxide, and then to upgrade those molecules using other processes.

There are basically two types of lines, those produced by collisions between the atoms or ions and the electrons in the surrounding gas, which are called collision lines, and which are very bright for elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and neon, and lines which are produced when ions capture free electrons, which are called recombination lines, and which are bright only for those gases with the highest abundances in the interstellar medium: hydrogen and helium.

Invented in 1960, lasers use an external «pump,» such as a flash lamp, to excite electrons within the atoms of a lasing material — usually a gas, crystal, or semiconductor.

The synthesis method developed in this work opens up possible variations, such as cross-linking or chemical functionalization (adding atoms or small molecules to the carbon nanothread that alter its function).

We believe that it will also prompt new experiments focusing on the dynamical properties of the atoms at nanostructures, allowing us to understand the contribution of the previously little probed dynamical structure studies of atomic clusters, towards the physical properties such as catalytic relativities.»