Sentences with phrase «such as axon»

Indeed, the rapid remodeling of the axon during local morphogenetic events such as axon elongation, branch formation and elimination and synapse consolidation has an important energetic toll.

Not exact matches

Because its powerful technology can measure microstructural features in the brain, such as the diameter of nerve cell axons, it enables researchers to answer entirely new questions, says CUBRIC director Derek Jones.

It's made up mainly of cells such as neurons, glial cells and dendrites, as well as axons that extend from neurons to carry signals.

Unlike peripheral nerves, which re-sprout axons when they are damaged, mature spinal neurons do not regrow axons in the part of the body where the injury has occurred — such as when the spinal cord is cut or crushed — which results in paralysis below the injury.

«Maybe it's not surprising that a highly evolved central nervous system wound response, such as scar formation, would play a crucial beneficial function in both wound healing and axon regeneration,» he said.

Recent research suggests one benefit of environmental enrichment at the cellular level: it repairs brain myelin, the protective insulation surrounding axons, or nerve fibers, which can be lost because of aging, injury or diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

The fattest axons, such as Betz cells in the brain, are 200 times thicker than the thinnest ones.

Mechanisms which lead to an enrichment of tau in the axon are thought to involve transport and compartment - specific binding of the protein but also mechanisms, which operate on the level of the mRNA such as regulation of translation and transport of tau mRNA in RNA granules may contribute.

We are using these new tools to image the structural features of individual cells, such as the cell body and the axons of the cells, which are long fibers that extend from each neuron, together forming the optic nerve that transmits visual information to the brain.

«This is the first biological validation of a computational model developed in the early 1980s that suggested that two such forces would be necessary to guide axons as they establish the connections that relay spatial information from one part of the nervous system to another,» said study author Yimin Zou, PhD, assistant professor of neurobiology at the University of Chicago.

White matter appears white because of the density of axons, the signal - carrying cables allowing communication between different brain regions responsible for complicated tasks such as language and memory.

These and other differences between hGDAsBMP and undifferentiated hGPCs and hGDAsCNTF, such as the marked differences in expression of axon growth inhibitory CSPGs and the expression of GDNF, may all contribute to creating a particularly effective cell type for promoting functional recovery in the traumatically injured adult central nervous system.

My research is focused on the pathophysiology of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon damage in glaucoma and detecting early - stage abnormalities by means of non-invasive imaging, psychophysical testing and electrophysiological measures such as electroretinography (ERG) and visually evoked cortical potentials (VEP).

Unfortunately, in neurons exposed to toxicants such as the mercury in thimerosal, the structural building blocks of the axon (molecules called tubulin) are disassembled, causing the axon to disintegrate.