Sentences with phrase «such as human cells»

When handling biohazardous materials such as human cells, safe laboratory procedures should be followed and protective clothing should be worn.

Not exact matches

Benedict argued that non-conjugal reproduction such as in vitro fertilization had created «new problems» ¯ the freezing of human embryos, for instance, and the selective abortion of medically implanted embryos, together with pre-implantation diagnosis, embryonic stem - cell research, and attempts at human cloning.

research; since most of the reports have concentrated on justifying the creation of cloned human embryos for research into and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, «stem - cells» has become synonymous with «embryonic stem - cells» in the public imagination.

This discussion concerns individual entities such as protons, molecules, cells and humans.

Now — estoeric concepts such as «the soul» put aside for a moment (since The Bible states that nobody can know when ensoulment happens despite the many differing opinions from prominent theologians throughout the ages), what characteristics define a human being and how does a single cell possess them all?

If we say such cells have the potential of becoming human life, then Catholics are right to argue that the unjoined sperm and egg also have a similar potential for life, and anything that stops them joining (such as a condom or withdrawal) is morally equivalent to abortion.

For a long time, insulin was not thought to play a direct role in regulating the milk - making cells of the human breast, because insulin is not needed for these cells to take in sugars, such as glucose.

Human milk is a bodily fluid which, apart from being an excellent nutritional source for the growing infant, also contains a variety of immune components such as antibodies, growth factors, cytokines, antimicrobial compounds, and specific immune cells [9].

Since the first human brain organoids were created from stem cells in 2013, scientists have gotten them to form structures like those in the brains of fetuses, to sprout dozens of different kinds of brain cells, and to develop abnormalities like those causing neurological diseases such as Timothy syndrome.

On Thursday, the United Nations» member states will consider two resolutions: One resolution would ban all human cloning methods, including efforts to use cloned embryonic stem cells to try and generate healthy tissues, or to treat degenerative diseases such as Parkinson's.

Human embryonic stem cells are at last being tested in common, potentially fatal diseases such as heart failure and diabetes

Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh and Magee - Womens Research Institute (MWRI) have devised a cell - based model of the human placenta that could help explain how pathogens that cause birth defects, such as Zika virus, cross from mother to unborn child.

Damage to human chromosome 9 (of the cell's 24 pairs) where the gene that codes for E-NTPDase2 resides is known to cause eye and brain defects, such as microphthalmia — literally, small eyes.

BRAIN CANDY A new database offers a deep look at living human nerve cells, revealing elaborate branching structures and myriad shapes, such as in this neuron called a pyramidal cell (cell image, left and 3 - D computer reconstruction, right).

The advent of the nucleus — which differentiates eukaryotes (organisms whose cells contain a true nucleus), including humans, from prokaryotes, such as bacteria — can not be satisfactorily explained solely by the gradual adaptation of prokaryotic cells until they became eukaryotic.

Using a mathematical model known as the Ising model, invented to describe phase transitions in statistical physics, such as how a substance changes from liquid to gas, the Johns Hopkins researchers calculated the probability distribution of methylation along the genome in several different human cell types, including normal and cancerous colon, lung and liver cells, as well as brain, skin, blood and embryonic stem cells.

Scientists have long experimented with organs - on - chips: tiny representations of human organs, such as lungs, hearts and intestines, made from cells embedded on plastic about the size of a computer memory stick.

Potti and his colleagues began by testing chemotherapy drugs on cultured cell lines from human tumors, such as from the lung, breast, or ovary.

The researchers have compared various processes involved in gene expression, such as gene transcription and chromatin modification, and have repeated this in different tissues and cell types from both humans and mice.

Although researchers do not yet know the biological significance of these discoveries, they say that fully cataloguing the genome may help them understand how genetic variations affect the risk of contracting diseases such as cancer as well as how humans grow from a single - celled embryo into an adult.

Several studies have supported a role for cancer stem cells in the aggressive brain tumors called glioblastoma, but those studies involved inducing human tumors to grow in mice, and as such their relevance to cancer in humans has been questioned.

These techniques include: human tissue created by reprogramming cells from people with the relevant disease (dubbed «patient in a dish»); «body on a chip» devices, where human tissue samples on a silicon chip are linked by a circulating blood substitute; many computer modelling approaches, such as virtual organs, virtual patients and virtual clinical trials; and microdosing studies, where tiny doses of drugs given to volunteers allow scientists to study their metabolism in humans, safely and with unsurpassed accuracy.

Marth is using the simulation version of the human body to examine the makeup and behavior of critical cell components, such as proteins, lipids (fats) and glycans (sugars).

As it can take weeks to grow human cells into intact differentiated and functional tissues within Organ Chips, such as those that mimic the lung and intestine, and researchers seek to understand how drugs, toxins or other perturbations alter tissue structure and function, the team at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering led by Donald Ingber has been searching for ways to non-invasively monitor the health and maturity of cells cultured within these microfluidic devices over extended timeAs it can take weeks to grow human cells into intact differentiated and functional tissues within Organ Chips, such as those that mimic the lung and intestine, and researchers seek to understand how drugs, toxins or other perturbations alter tissue structure and function, the team at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering led by Donald Ingber has been searching for ways to non-invasively monitor the health and maturity of cells cultured within these microfluidic devices over extended timeas those that mimic the lung and intestine, and researchers seek to understand how drugs, toxins or other perturbations alter tissue structure and function, the team at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering led by Donald Ingber has been searching for ways to non-invasively monitor the health and maturity of cells cultured within these microfluidic devices over extended times.

This new insight into how chromosomes are disassembled and reassembled during cell division will allow researchers to begin answering basic questions about epigenetic inheritance, as well as human disease such as chromosome disorders and cancer.

The researchers tested their technique by applying the light for 1 minute to human cervical cancer cells surrounded with common anti-cancer drugs such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG).

The process, reported in Human Reproduction, utilizes DNA fingerprinting (an assessment of active genes in a given cell) to boost the success rate of IVF and lower the chances of risky multiple births by identifying which of several five - day - old embryos are most likely to result in pregnancy The new method, which will replace unproved alternatives such as choosing embryos based on their shape, is likely to up the success of women becoming pregnant and lower their chances of having multiple births.

Such instruments allow a human to see blood cells as well as animal sperm and single - celled organisms, including the «animalcules» that Leeuwenhoek observed.

When antigens such as viruses and vaccines enter the human body, germinal centers are produced within secondary lymph nodes and memory B cells are then induced from germinal - center B cells.

In contrast, viruses that cause cancer, such as the human papillomavirus that is responsible for most cases of cervical cancer, disrupt a cell's genome, thereby triggering out - of - control growth.

In this way they act like embryonic stem cells and share their revolutionary therapeutic potential — and as such, they could eliminate the need for using and then destroying human embryos.

Certain blood manipulation methods, such as administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and homologous blood transfusion, are currently tracked through a longitudinal profile called the athlete biological passport (ABP); however, there is not yet a test available for ABT, which is reinfusion of the athlete's own blood or red cell concentrates.

The cells of such different organisms as roundworms, flies and humans use the insulin / IGF signalling pathway.

Whatever the source of pluripotent cells, Thomson says, researchers face the same scientific challenges — namely, understanding how to convert them into key tissues such as the beta islet cells that are impaired in diabetics, and then how to introduce them safely and effectively into humans.

«We culture typical skin cell of the epidermis, such as human keratinocytes, in our dishes to form an artificial epidermis with all of its natural layers,» explained Sibylle Thude, the biologist who led the investigation into the accreditation.

Human red blood cells are usually disc - shaped with a central dimple but conditions such as sickle - cell anaemia alter their shape.

Understanding the brain's facial code could help scientists study how face cells incorporate other identifying information, such as sex, age, race, emotional cues and names, says Adrian Nestor, a neuroscientist at the University of Toronto, who studies face patches in human subjects and did not participate in the research.

Autophagy is the «self - eating» process of consuming the portion of intracellular proteins in the cells of eukaryotes such as yeast, humans and plants.

Autophagy is the «self - eating» process of consuming unwanted elements in the cells of eukaryotes such as yeast, humans and plants.

The team's insights not only illuminate normal vertebrate development but also could lead to improved understanding of human spinal defects such as scoliosis, said Pourquié, who is also the Harvard Medical School Frank Burr Mallory Professor of Pathology at Brigham and Women's Hospital and a principal faculty member of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute.

National Institutes of Health Director Francis Collins delivered an upbeat assessment of what lies in store for the world's largest supporter of biomedical research, projecting advances in battling genetic disorders such as sickle cell disease and the development of an atlas of human cells to...

As a result of the finding, researchers can also use Mauritian cynomolgus macaques to improve stem cell transplant outcomes for human patients with other blood - related conditions such as leukemia and sickle - cell diseasAs a result of the finding, researchers can also use Mauritian cynomolgus macaques to improve stem cell transplant outcomes for human patients with other blood - related conditions such as leukemia and sickle - cell diseasas leukemia and sickle - cell disease.

With gene - editing tools such as CRISPR, scientists can now eliminate immune - provoking sugars from the surface of pig cells, introduce human genes that regulate blood coagulation to prevent dangerous clots, and snip out viral sequences that some fear could infect a human host.

Next - generation NSG models that support human myeloid cell proliferation, such as the NSG - SGM3 mouse, can now provide in vivo conditions that better mimic the natural tumor environment.

A new technique — called DNA Programmed Assembly of Cells — allows researchers to create arrays of thousands of custom - designed organoids, such as models of human mammary glands containing several hundred cells each, which can be built in a matter of hCells — allows researchers to create arrays of thousands of custom - designed organoids, such as models of human mammary glands containing several hundred cells each, which can be built in a matter of hcells each, which can be built in a matter of hours.

And many of the highlighted human genes are associated with the same critical cellular operations, such as the cell's protein - building factories, as in those species, MacArthur's group reports.

Wei Long Ng explained: «The two - step bioprinting strategy involves the fabrication of hierarchical porous collagen - based structures (that closely resembles the skin's dermal region), and deposition of epidermal cells such as keratinocytes and melanocytes at pre-defined positions on top of the biomimetic dermal skin constructs, to create 3D in - vitro pigmented human skin constructs.

The new technique — called DNA Programmed Assembly of Cells (DPAC) and reported in the journal Nature Methods on August 31, 2015 — allows researchers to create arrays of thousands of custom - designed organoids, such as models of human mammary glands containing several hundred cells each, which can be built in a matter of hCells (DPAC) and reported in the journal Nature Methods on August 31, 2015 — allows researchers to create arrays of thousands of custom - designed organoids, such as models of human mammary glands containing several hundred cells each, which can be built in a matter of hcells each, which can be built in a matter of hours.

Alternative cell lines, such as induced pluripotent stem cells generated from patient skin cells, offer a more accurate window on human biology, he says.

The method, which involves inserting genetic material that makes the cells» development run backwards, opens the door to stem cells specific to patients, which could be used to repair damaged organs or fight diseases such as Parkinson's and diabetes — crucially, all without the need to destroy human embryos.