When observations failed to disclose
such circular orbits, they retained their notions of essential order by supposing that the movements could be analyzed in terms of the Ptolemaic epicycles, i.e., circles on top of circles.
There is evidence that Earth has gone through at least one globally frozen, «snowball» state in the last billion years, which i... ▽ More Although the Earth's
orbit is never far from
circular, terrestrial planets around other stars might experience substantial changes in eccentricity that could lead to climate changes, including possible «phase transitions»
such as the snowball transition (or its opposite).