The German Aerospace Center (DLR) measures
such emission lines with high precision within the US - German SOFIA project.
Not exact matches
As those
emissions come almost entirely from washing and drying, cloth could result in fewer
emissions than disposable if residents used energy - saving techniques
such as
line - drying.
In the interim, many airlines are offering ways to offset the greenhouse gas
emissions associated with air travel,
such as U.S. - based Delta Air
Line's program with The Conservation Fund to plant trees in return for $ 5.50 that passengers are given the option of adding to the price of a domestic round - trip ticket or $ 11 for international round - trip flights.
Otherwise, HD110432 and gamma Cas share similarly peculiar X-ray and optical characteristics
such as high X-ray temperature, erratic X-ray variability on timescales of a few hours, optical
emission lines, and submigrating features in optical
line profiles.
Though a significant number of these astrometric matches are likely to be spurious, we sought out spectral characteristics of active stars and interacting binaries,
such as hot, massive spectral types or
emission lines in order to corroborate the X-ray activity and certify the authenticity of the match.
An interesting result from this data was that no
emission was detected in the Stokes I spectral
line profiles during the flare, which is traditionally seen in
such magnetic transient regions.
It's not hard to find climate scientists and policy experts who strongly feel the world needs to move rapidly to curb
emissions, but who say there are no
such clean
lines.
Far from «greenwashing,» these offset buyers — which include major consumer - facing brands
such as Coca - Cola, Toyota, Delta Air
Lines, Clorox, Sony, and many others — invest in direct
emissions reductions activities
such as energy efficiency and low - carbon product design at a higher rate than companies that don't offset.
In a separate phone call, Don Rennie reported to me that he believed that N2O
emissions from banded fertilizer in zero till would be low, in
line with the higher N use efficiency of
such placement.
Cities across Mexico are already rolling out many creative ideas,
such as expanding metro
lines, developing zero -
emissions corridors, and creating more pedestrian - friendly zones.
It is also closer in
line with the goals of the EU,
such as cutting carbon
emissions by at least 20 % by 2020 and by 80 - 95 % by 2050, and the agreed «no regrets options» for the long term decarbonisation of the energy sector: more efficiency, more renewables, and more and smarter grids.
Another approach would impose shipping
emissions cuts in
line with comparable sectors,
such as transport and industry.
As developing countries move toward limiting and eventually reducing their
emissions, defining
such pathways is a necessary step to ensure that global
emissions decline in
line with IPCC recommendations.
JCM projects use Japanese technological expertise to deploy various approaches to reducing greenhouse gas
emissions,
such as the installation of energy - efficient transmission
lines in Mongolia; the installation of energy - efficient systems in the national hospitals of Vietnam; the installation of energy - efficient refrigeration at commercial food processing centers in Indonesia; the installation of solar photovoltaic systems in the Maldives and Palau; and power generation by waste heat recovery in the cement industry in Indonesia.
My conclusion, based on the total information available, is that continued high
emissions would result in multi-meter sea level rise this century and lock in continued ice sheet disintegration
such that building cities or rebuilding cities on coast
lines would become foolish.
To the extent possible, the scenarios were mutually consistent,
such that scenarios of population (United Nations medium range estimate) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP)(moderate growth) were broadly in
line with the transient scenario of greenhouse gas
emissions (based on the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) scenario A, see Hansen et al., 1988), and hence CO2 concentrations.
Together, these
lines of evidence provide a conceptual and scientific backing to the theory of climate change caused by human greenhouse gas
emissions that is simply absent for alternative theories,
such as that there is no change or that the change is caused by something different.
Certainly investors can pressure companies to report on their carbon footprint or on how climate change could negatively impact their bottom
line, but
such transparency doesn't solve the core problem of stopping carbon
emissions or demanding that these companies stop looking for more sources of carbon - based fuels and instead invest in renewable energy.
However, for
such an ambitious target as 1.5 C, 0.3 C can make a substantial difference when calculating how much remaining CO2 we can still emit without pushing us over 1.5 C of warming when the remaining budget is calculated by simply subtracting off estimates of cumulative
emissions to date from the ESM - based budgets for 1.5 C relative to preindustrial (i.e. the horizontal difference between the cross and the vertical dashed black
line in the figure above).
Then, as the mitigation efforts begin to take effect in the lower
emissions scenarios,
such as 1.5 C (green
line) and 2C (pink), melt rates begin to slow.
The black
line, reconstructed from ISCCP satellite data, «is a purely statistical parameter that has little physical meaning as it does not account for the non-linear relations between cloud and surface properties and planetary albedo and does not include aerosol related albedo changes
such as associated with Mt. Pinatubo, or human
emissions of sulfates for instance» (Real Climate).