Sentences with phrase «such ice changes»
In addition to such ice changes — accelerated melting in Greenland, western Antarctica and from mountain glaciers throughout the world — scientists have improved their understanding of the atmosphere's workings.
https://www.scientificamerican.com/ Not exact matches
Why it's important: Faucette says such intimacy breaks the ice in an emotional, not just a professional, way, «which is the game - changing pathway to greater profits.»
One is changed environmental conditions for a discrete subpopulation of the original population, such as when ice ages cause dramatic changes in sea levels, cutting species into subgroups.
In nature, changes of environmental conditions arise from such sources as the melting of polar ice - caps, explosion of dwarf stars, the fall of night.
What to order: the menu changes often, but we're especially keen on the snacks, roti, lamb tartare, pig - ear salad with fish sauce and herbs, and all of Krasinski's desserts, such as malted stracciatella ice cream with walnut sandies
Following a season of grueling practices and hard - fought games, football and ice hockey players who had no outward sign of head trauma showed worrisome changes in brain structure and cognitive performance that weren't shared by athletes who competed in varsity sports such as track, crew and cross-country skiing, according to a report published Wednesday in the journal Neurology.
The data, collected by aerial survey missions flown in the Southern Hemisphere in the summer of 2014 - 2015, provide detailed topography of the perpetually ice - free region, where surprising landscape changes, such as rapid erosion along some streams, have been observed in recent years.
Polar bears, the poster - child for climate change, are among the animals most affected by the seasonal and year - to - year changes in Arctic sea ice, because they rely on this surface for essential activities such as hunting, traveling and breeding.
By combining that with modern tools such as the Global Positioning System and remote sensing, a deeper understanding of the fundamental nature of the ice can be gained as it changes.
The digitized data extend the record of changes at the bottom of the ice sheet, such as the formation of channels as Antarctica's ice flows, by more than two decades.
Its core is a flurry of recent research proposing that such extreme weather events in the midlatitudes are linked through the atmosphere with the effects of rapid climate change in the Arctic, such as dwindling sea ice.
This is of great concern to ecologists because the populations in these areas include pockets with the highest levels of genetic diversity, thanks to their ancestors having survived major climate change events such as ice ages.
These often comprise alarmingly incongruous combinations, such as «sandwiches, milk, swimming suit, ice axe, latex gloves, and three changes of dry socks.»
Some climate scientists, including James E. Hansen, former head of the nasa Goddard Institute for Space Studies, say we must also consider slower feedbacks such as changes in the continental ice sheets.
The conclusion that limiting CO2 below 450 ppm will prevent warming beyond two degrees C is based on a conservative definition of climate sensitivity that considers only the so - called fast feedbacks in the climate system, such as changes in clouds, water vapor and melting sea ice.
When readers have to make one such change to a sentence, as in the ice cream example above, they think the original version was correct about 50 percent of the time.
While the ECS factors in such «fast» feedback effects as changes in water vapor — water itself is a greenhouse gas, and saturates warm air better than cold — they argued that slow feedbacks, such as changes in ice sheets and vegetation, should also be considered.
These customary phase transitions manifest as an abrupt change in the state of matter such as ice melting to water, or water boiling to vapor, at some critical temperature.
Responses to climate - linked factual questions, such as whether Arctic sea ice area has declined compared with 30 years ago, were politicized as if we were asking for climate - change opinions.
The research concludes that for other changes, such as regional warming and sea ice changes, the observations over the satellite - era since 1979 are not yet long enough for the signal of human - induced climate change to be clearly separated from the strong natural variability in the region
Political divisions are less apparent with factual questions that do not infer climate change, such as whether the melting of Greenland and Antarctic land ice, or of Arctic sea ice, could potentially do the most to raise sea levels.
Non-polar glacial ice holds a wealth of information about past changes in climate, the environment and especially atmospheric composition, such as variations in temperature, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and emissions of natural aerosols or human - made pollutants... The glaciers therefore hold the memory of former climates and help to predict future environmental changes.
Asked how last week's election might change the likelihood of such action, Mann replied simply: «We have to make it clear that the ice sheets are not Republican or Democrat.
A number of theories have been developed over the years to explain more recent extinctions such as those at the end of the last ice age, including human hunting, climate change, disease, and even a cosmic impact such as an asteroid or comet.
Many of the projected effects of climate change on the world's oceans are already visible, such as melting polar ice caps and rising sea levels.
«These findings add to mounting evidence suggesting that there are sweet spots or «windows of opportunity» within climate space where so - called boundary conditions, such as the level of atmospheric CO2 or the size of continental ice sheets, make abrupt change more likely to occur.
The researchers warn, however, that the future evolution of the AMO remains uncertain, with many factors potentially affecting how it interacts with atmospheric circulation patterns, such as Arctic sea ice loss, changes in solar radiation, volcanic eruptions and concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Moreover, the finding enables to confirm that Haploidoceros mediterraneus co-lived with other cervids, such as the fallow deer or the red deer, and that it became extinct due to the climate changes produced at the beginning of the last ice period.
Such ice melts are far more common than previously thought and will change predictions about the thawing continent.
Our study suggests that at medium sea levels, powerful forces, such as the dramatic acceleration of polar ice cap melting, are not necessary to create abrupt climate shifts and temperature changes.»
«Such a slowdown is consistent with the projected effects of anthropogenic climate change, where warming and freshening of the surface ocean from melting ice caps leads to weaker overturning circulation,» DeVries explained.
Some changes are well - known, such as declines in polar bear populations and stresses to walruses being forced out of their shallow feeding grounds as ice retreats into deeper waters.
Jedediah Brodie, a scientist at the University of British Columbia and study co-author, said a next step of research is determining which ecological changes in the Arctic are completely a result of ice loss, as opposed to climate change factors such as temperature increases.
Even gradual climate change could cause abrupt problems in coming decades, including melting ice roads such as this one in Canada and making them impassable, a new report concludes.
Working with Cambridge colleagues Raymond Goldstein and Grae Worster, he left a cylindrical block of ice in a warm room and watched how its shape changed over time, exploring how things such as the rate of heat transfer to and from the block and its own material consistency changed matters (Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol 647, p 287).
Others have used tide gauge data to measure GMSL acceleration, but scientists have struggled to pull out other important details from tide - gauge data, such as changes in the last couple of decades due to more active ice sheet melt.
If proxy data can confirm that sea ice was indeed the major player in past abrupt climate - change events, it seems less likely that such dramatic abrupt changes will occur due to global warming, when extensive sea - ice cover will not be present.
Even if you ignore all the temperature meauserments which you seem to vehimently deny there is still many other sources of evidence associated with this increase such as — ice melt / extreme weather events / sea current changes / habitat changes / CO2 / ice cores / sediment cores.
The surprising finding is evidence that rapid climate change is causing large - scale changes along the Arctic coast, such as diminishing sea ice.
Computational models that simulate the climate such as CAM5, which is the atmosphere component of the Community Earth System Model used in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 5th Assessment, are used to predict future climate changes, such as the Arctic sea ice loss.
Partly as an addendum to comment # 1, I'd like to hear if anyone knows of any research which attempts to quantify the likely change to the planetary heat balance in a zero summer sea ice scenario, such as we may see well before 2040.
This effort is going on, with major projects such as the EU funded Ice2sea project, which has brought together researchers across disciplines, from across Europe, in order to address the challenges faced in predicting the contribution of ice sheets to future sea level change.
Anderson, J.B. and Thomas, M.A., 1991, Marine ice sheet decoupling as a mechanism for rapid, episodic sea - level change: the record of such events and their influence on sedimentation: Sedimentary Geology, v. 70, p. 87 - 104.
When geographical barriers — such as rising sea levels or retracting ice floes — separate populations, they may develop genetic, physiological, or behavioral differences; changes in chromosome structure or number; differently shaped genitalia; or incompatible mating times and rituals — any of which can prevent successful reproduction.
Since IPCC (2001) the cryosphere has undergone significant changes, such as the substantial retreat of arctic sea ice, especially in summer; the continued shrinking of mountain glaciers; the decrease in the extent of snow cover and seasonally frozen ground, particularly in spring; the earlier breakup of river and lake ice; and widespread thinning of antarctic ice shelves along the Amundsen Sea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the ice shelves.
If climate change exceeds the temperature target, scientists warn, there is a greater risk that the world's ice sheets will be destabilized, leading to sharply rising seas, and increasing climate extremes such as droughts, heat waves and floods, which could pose daunting challenges for food and water availability for growing populations.
One study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in January, hinted at such a mechanism when it linked sea ice decline to apparent changes in the Arctic Oscillation during several winters preceded by large sea ice losses.
The comet appears to have undergone visible changes, including the changes in the size and number of surface features such as smooth patches, pits, and craters, and the loss of ice vaporized by the Sun or blasted off its surface by the Solar Wind into its tail as well as failing back on the object like snow, so that it appears to shrink, on average, by 25 to 50 centimeters (9.2 to 19.7 inches) with each orbit around the Sun.
But could such a change, big enough to cause an ice age, occur?
During periods when ice sheets have been relatively stable, such as the last several millennia (the late Holocene), sub-millennial sea - level variability arose primarily from changes in atmosphere / ocean dynamics.