Data shows that verified deaths due to
bed sharing are often due to accidental smothering by an adult,
suffocation on soft mattresses, and getting trapped between mattress and headboard.
The incidents of infants dying while «co-sleeping» with adults, as documented by the CPSC, include the following: children getting trapped between the
bed and the wall, or the
bed and another object; entrapment that involves footboards or
bed frames;
soft bedding - related hazards, such as
suffocation on a pillow; falls, sometimes into a pile of clothing or plastic, resulting in
suffocation; a child or adult accidentally lying
on top of the baby.
In the paper, ASSB includes
suffocation by various means, such as when the baby's airway is blocked by
soft bedding or a pillow, or if an adult rolls
on top of the child.
Babies who sleep in cribs (or
on adult
beds) with
soft bedding — such as pillows, comforters, and loose blankets — or stuffed animals, are at risk for SIDS and
suffocation.
However, such
soft bedding can increase the potential of
suffocation and rebreathing.54, 56,57,179, — , 181 Pillows, quilts, comforters, sheepskins, and other
soft surfaces are hazardous when placed under the infant62, 147,182, — , 187 or left loose in the infant's sleep area62, 65,184,185,188, — , 191 and can increase SIDS risk up to fivefold independent of sleep position.62, 147 Several reports have also described that in many SIDS cases, the heads of the infants, including some infants who slept supine, were covered by loose
bedding.65, 186,187,191 It should be noted that the risk of SIDS increases 21-fold when the infant is placed prone with
soft bedding.62 In addition,
soft and loose
bedding have both been associated with accidental
suffocation deaths.149 The CPSC has reported that the majority of sleep - related infant deaths in its database are attributable to
suffocation involving pillows, quilts, and extra
bedding.192, 193 The AAP recommends that infants sleep
on a firm surface without any
soft or loose
bedding.