Not exact matches
And Brazil, arguably the world leader in making
ethanol from crops, has been turning
sugar cane into fuel
for nearly three decades — a process that is 30 % cheaper than corn - based production in the U.S.
Cogeneration facilities
for producing
ethanol and refined
sugar are also planned.
Seeking to find alternatives to
ethanol as a fuel, the study established optimal pre-treatment conditions
for turning straw lignocelluloses and barley starch into fermentable
sugars that -LSB-...]
Hypothetically, if all the main cereal and
sugar crops (wheat, rice, maize, sorghum,
sugar cane, cassava and
sugar beet), representing 42 % of global cropland, were to be converted to
ethanol, this would correspond to only 57 % of total petrol use in 2003, and leave no cereals or
sugar for human consumption (although the reduced
sugar in the human diet would have health benefits).
Other agricultural production goods include timber, fertilizers, animal hides, leather, industrial chemicals (starch,
sugar, alcohols and resins), fibers (cotton, wool, hemp, silk and flax), fuels (methane from biomass,
ethanol, biodiesel), cut flowers, ornamental and nursery plants, tropical fish and birds
for the pet trade, and both legal and illegal drugs (biopharmaceuticals, tobacco, marijuana, opium, cocaine).
The remaining
sugar (
for plants with less than 20 % oil) could be sold or used to produce
ethanol.
Commercial - scale efforts have existed
for over a hundred years that convert corn,
sugar cane and other plant - based substances into a wide array of products, ranging from fuel such as corn - based
ethanol to ingredients in many consumer goods, such as soap and detergents.
For example, the
sugar in flavored malt beverages will presumably reduce or eliminate the bitterness of
ethanol while the addition of hops to beer will add bitterness that may be perceived through other receptors.
The Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association (UNICA), the trade group
for sugar - cane
ethanol from Brazil, criticized the IPCC
for raising alarm on biofuels in the Working Group II report published on March 31.
Farmers make the fuel by chemically treating corn kernels to isolate the
sugars and then feeding the
sugars to yeast, which digests them and secretes
ethanol.Not only do the corn husks and stalks go to waste, but
ethanol production has driven up the price of the corn that is used
for food by reducing its availability.
Rats were exposed to an acute stress
for one hour, and then 15 hours later, researchers measured the amount of
sugar water laced with
ethanol that the mice drank.
These findings have significance
for human health but also
for biofuels production, since the same
sugars can be fed to yeast to generate
ethanol and other liquid fuels.
Simultaneous Co-Fermentation of Mixed
Sugars: A Promising Strategy
for Producing Cellulosic
Ethanol, Soo Rin Kim, Suk - Jin Ha, Na Wei, Eun Joong Oh, Yong - Jin, Trends in Biotechnology, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibntech.2012.01.005, February 20, 2012.
Then they wait
for the hungry bacteria to turn
sugars in the corn into
ethanol, a type of alcohol.
A massive expansion of land use
for sugar cane growth in Brazil, and a subsequent increase in
ethanol production with the feedstock could reduce global carbon dioxide emissions in the transportation sector by up to 86 percent of 2014 levels, according to research published in the October issue of the journal Nature Climate Change.
Importing
sugar - based
ethanol from Brazil will create a market
for that product in the U.S. — and that will produce a sweet new market
for Florida sugarcane growers, too.
For different reasons,
sugar subsidies,
ethanol subsidies, corn and wheat subsidies, really just about any farm subsidies that aren't based on preventing soil erosion.
(05/01/2013) Intensification of Brazil's sugarcane industry in response to rising demand
for sugar - based
ethanol could have impacts on the regional climate reports a new study by researchers from Arizona State University, Stanford University and the Carnegie Institution
for Science.
Western Biomass Energy LLC, a subsidiary of Blue
Sugars Corporation (previously KL Energy) reported the major milestone of claiming the first cellulosic
ethanol tax credits under the RFS2
for a 20,069 gallon batch of cellulosic
ethanol produced from bagasse (
sugar cane waste) in April 2012.
Similarly emissions factors would be developed
for wood chips, cellulosic
ethanol, methanol,
sugar cane and biodiesel.
This received a big boost in Brazil, when companies with cane - based
ethanol distilleries realized that burning bagasse, the fibrous material left after the
sugar syrup is extracted, could simultaneously produce heat
for fermentation and generate electricity that they could sell to the local utility.
Fast - growing sugarcane on highly fertile land in Brazil,
for example, converts only around 0.5 percent of incoming solar radiation into
sugar, and only around 0.2 percent ultimately into
ethanol.
A key advantage of using yeast
for cellulosic
ethanol production is their ability to work over a broad temperature (< 44oC) and pH (3.0 — 8.0) range to produce large amounts of
sugar.
Technological challenges remain, such as the need
for more efficient enzymes
for saccharification, new microbes that can ferment multiple
sugars, better integration of process steps, and improved methods
for recovery of dilute
ethanol.
He described various methods
for growing algae in large scale and converting its fats to biodiesel and its
sugars to
ethanol.
The next-most critical barrier to commercialization of cellulosic
ethanol is the need
for organisms capable of efficient fermentation of holocellulose, which contains up to 40 % C5
sugars.
This organism, discovered several years ago in Massachusetts, is a natural consolidated bioprocessor, expresses requisite enzymes
for the extraction of fermentable
sugars from biomass, and co-ferments all the C5 and C6
sugars into
ethanol.
Jose Goldemberg, former Minister of the Environment, Brazil, who was present at the beginning of the push
for sugar cane
ethanol in that country.
Intensification of Brazil's sugarcane industry in response to rising demand
for sugar - based
ethanol could have impacts on the regional climate reports a new study by researchers from Arizona State University,...
Although human beings have been producing
ethanol, grain alcohol, from
sugar and starch
for millennia, it is only in recent years that the genetic engineering of biocatalysts has made possible such production from the hemicellulose and cellulose that constitute the substantial majority of the material in most plants.
But the models fail to account
for dynamic reactions to a corn crop reduction (in this case a simple and very cost efficient response would be to end corn
ethanol subsidies, thus redirecting corn to food rather than fuel, ending an inefficient industry and encouraging
ethanol industries in tropical nations using
sugar cane, which makes a lot more sense than corn
ethanol).
The success of biofuels in Brazil is largely a result of the high productivity of
sugar cane and the suitability of the feedstock
for efficient conversion to
ethanol.
In summary, there is sufficient land zoned
for sugar cane
for Brazil to produce approximately 4 — 5 times as much
ethanol than is produced today (˜6.2 billion gallons in 2008).
Hawaii also has a thriving
sugar cane industry, which many people have eyed
for the renewable production of
ethanol.
I have seen studies showing corn
ethanol from
sugar cane grown in tropical áreas (
for example in Brazil) does have a positive emissions ratio.
The team is studying a bacterium, or bioprocessing microbe, that can break down cellulosic biomass into
sugars for fermenting into
ethanol.
So, researches are hard - at - work to uncover different methods to separate these tough structures in order extract the
sugars needed
for the process of
ethanol production.
For example, starch from corn grown in the midwest has traditionally been the source of some of the ethanol used as a fuel additive in the U.S.. Another option for the conversion of cellulosic biomass, such as hemp stalks, to ethanol is their hydrolysis to sugar, followed by fermentation and removal of the produced ethanol by distillati
For example, starch from corn grown in the midwest has traditionally been the source of some of the
ethanol used as a fuel additive in the U.S.. Another option
for the conversion of cellulosic biomass, such as hemp stalks, to ethanol is their hydrolysis to sugar, followed by fermentation and removal of the produced ethanol by distillati
for the conversion of cellulosic biomass, such as hemp stalks, to
ethanol is their hydrolysis to
sugar, followed by fermentation and removal of the produced
ethanol by distillation.
Is there an effort in New York state to produce
ethanol from inedible
sugar, which is available from Mexico and other sources,
for less than $ 5.00 / lb...?
Plantations in Brazil, the world's biggest producer of
ethanol from
sugar cane, haven't encroached on land used
for food cultivation or on the Amazon rainforest, he asserted.
For ethanol from
sugar cane produced in Brazil, the net energy gain is about 8 or 9 to 1.
Consumers pay more
for food, and producing corn - based
ethanol results in much more carbon dioxide than producing
sugar - based
ethanol.
In 2006, a mere 6.2 million hectares was cultivated
for BOTH
sugar and
ethanol and only HALF of this
sugar went into
ethanol.