The researchers say these findings
suggest supine sleep position may be an additional risk for late - pregnancy, especially in vulnerable cases and more research is needed.
Not exact matches
Our observations of reduced fever at 1 month and reduced stuffy nose at 6 months associated with nonprone
sleep positions are consistent with this hypothesis, as is the reported observation that adults with upper respiratory tract infections have lower nasal bacterial counts after lying
supine for 1 hour vs lying prone for 1 hour.11 Also, infants
sleeping supine swallow more frequently than infants
sleeping prone in response to a pharyngeal fluid stimulus,
suggesting more effective clearing of nasopharyngeal secretions in the
supine position and, hence, less potential for eustachian tube obstruction and fewer ear infections.12
Despite a 56 % decrease in the national incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) from 1.2 deaths per 1000 live births in 19921 to 0.53 death per 1000 live births in 2003,2 SIDS continues to be the leading cause of postneonatal mortality in the United States.3 The decreased rate of SIDS is largely attributed to the increased use of the
supine sleep position after the introduction of the «Back to Sleep» campaign in 1994.4 - 7 More recently, it has been suggested that the decrease in the SIDS rate has leveled off coincident with a plateau in the uptake of the supine sleep position.8 Although caretakers should continue to be encouraged to place infants on their backs to sleep, other potentially modifiable risk factors in the sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of
sleep position after the introduction of the «Back to
Sleep» campaign in 1994.4 - 7 More recently, it has been suggested that the decrease in the SIDS rate has leveled off coincident with a plateau in the uptake of the supine sleep position.8 Although caretakers should continue to be encouraged to place infants on their backs to sleep, other potentially modifiable risk factors in the sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of
Sleep» campaign in 1994.4 - 7 More recently, it has been
suggested that the decrease in the SIDS rate has leveled off coincident with a plateau in the uptake of the
supine sleep position.8 Although caretakers should continue to be encouraged to place infants on their backs to sleep, other potentially modifiable risk factors in the sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of
sleep position.8 Although caretakers should continue to be encouraged to place infants on their backs to
sleep, other potentially modifiable risk factors in the sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of
sleep, other potentially modifiable risk factors in the
sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of
sleep environment should be examined to promote further decline in the rate of SIDS.
For instance, it has been
suggested that the physical restraint associated with swaddling may prevent infants placed
supine from rolling to the prone position.299 One study's results
suggested a decrease in SIDS rate with swaddling if the infant was
supine, 182 but it was notable that there was an increased risk of SIDS if the infant was swaddled and placed in the prone position.182 Although a recent study found a 31-fold increase in SIDS risk with swaddling, the analysis was not stratified according to
sleep position.171 Although it may be more likely that parents will initially place a swaddled infant
supine, this protective effect may be offset by the 12-fold increased risk of SIDS if the infant is either placed or rolls to the prone position when swaddled.182, 300 Moreover, there is no evidence that swaddling reduces bed - sharing or use of unsafe
sleep surfaces, promotes breastfeeding, or reduces maternal cigarette smoking.
The prone or side
sleep position can increase the risk of rebreathing expired gases, resulting in hypercapnia and hypoxia.54, — , 57 The prone position also increases the risk of overheating by decreasing the rate of heat loss and increasing body temperature compared with infants
sleeping supine.58, 59 Recent evidence
suggests that prone
sleeping alters the autonomic control of the infant cardiovascular system during
sleep, particularly at 2 to 3 months of age, 60 and can result in decreased cerebral oxygenation.61 The prone position places infants at high risk of SIDS (odds ratio [OR]: 2.3 — 13.1).62, — , 66 However, recent studies have demonstrated that the SIDS risks associated with side and prone position are similar in magnitude (OR: 2.0 and 2.6, respectively) 63 and that the population - attributable risk reported for side
sleep position is higher than that for prone position.65, 67 Furthermore, the risk of SIDS is exceptionally high for infants who are placed on their side and found on their stomach (OR: 8.7).63 The side
sleep position is inherently unstable, and the probability of an infant rolling to the prone position from the side
sleep position is significantly greater than rolling prone from the back.65, 68 Infants who are unaccustomed to the prone position and are placed prone for
sleep are also at greater risk than those usually placed prone (adjusted OR: 8.7 — 45.4).63, 69,70 Therefore, it is critically important that every caregiver use the
supine sleep position for every
sleep period.