Sentences with phrase «sulfate aerosol increased»

Not exact matches

Whilst several methods for counteracting climate change with geoengineering are considered feasible, injecting sulfates or other fine aerosols into the stratosphere, thereby increasing planetary albedo, is a leading contender.

Sulfate aerosols have a cooling effect on the climate, which has led some researchers to suggest that continued reductions will lead to greater global temperature increases in coming decades.

The potential risks around sulfate aerosol solar geoengineering include alteration of regional precipitation patterns, its effects on human health, and the potential damage to Earth's ozone layer by increased stratospheric sulfate particles.

Reduction of the amount of atmospheric CH4 and related gases is needed to counterbalance expected forcing from increasing N2O and decreasing sulfate aerosols.

CO2 is on track for 450 before Big Carbon can be substantially slowed, and resistance to coal (but replacement with methane) is increasing so that the sulfate aerosol blanket will go away.

The fraction of the light that scatters back out to space is responsible for the increased albedo and the cooling effect from sulfate aerosols.

If sulfate aerosols nucleate cloud drops, resulting in a greater number of smaller droplets rather than a few large ones, this will further increase scattering and cooling.

Sulfate aerosol is a health hazard, limits visibility, degrades buildings, reflects solar radiation (cooling the climate) and also impacts cloud properties (increasing their lifetime and reducing rainfall).

«In a scenario of zeroed CO2 and sulfate aerosol emissions, whether the warming induced by specified constant concentrations of non-CO2 greenhouse gases could slow the CO2 decline following zero emissions or even reverse this trend and cause CO2 to increase over time is assessed.

While GHGs / aerosols may be the dominant factor in the average increase, they are emitted in rather continuous increasing amounts for GHGs and increasing + constant (after 1975) amounts for sulfate aerosols.

The bottom two panels demonstrate that this weakening is due entirely to the anthropogenic forcings — greenhouse gas increases offset by sulfate aerosol effects.

Considering also that Northern Hemispheric cooling in 1940 — 70 is attributable to the «global dimming» effect of increasing sulfate aerosols, the sulfate cooling effect is, again, felt more strongly in Greenland, and indirectly via altered atmospheric dynamics not via local radiation budget modification.

But increasing CO2 provides a long - term positive forcing; other forcings (like solar early in the century, and sulfate aerosols mid centrury) are superimposed onto that.

Around 1975, pollution controls removed the sulfate aerosol brake from the CO2 freight train, which is careening out of control at more than 2 PPM increase per year (and the rate of increase is rising).

The observed North Atlantic sulfate aerosol optical depth has not increased (but shows a modest decline) over this period, suggesting the decline of the Atlantic major hurricane frequency during 2005 — 2015 is not likely due to recent changes in anthropogenic sulfate aerosols.

McCusker et al. (2012) performed an experiment in which global - mean surface temperature was held constant by increasing CO2 while simultaneously increasing sulfate aerosol... to compensate.

The slight downward trend in temperature from about 1945 until about 1975 is due to the increase in Sulfate Aerosols (SO4), largely produced by burning coal that contains sulfur.

Hansen has stated that the cause for his is the large increase in sulfate aerosols resulting from Chineses coal burning.

Reduction of the amount of atmospheric CH4 and related gases is needed to counterbalance expected forcing from increasing N2O and decreasing sulfate aerosols.

Similarly, cooling from increased sulfate aerosols was a major contributor to mid-century cooling.

In attempts to counteract the temperature decrease from 1940 to 1970 while CO2 from human sources increased proponents of anthropogenic global warming (AGW) claimed it was due to human addition of sulfate aerosols.

So far, the initial effect is still relatively small for two reasons: (i) part of that effect has been canceled temporarily by increases in sulfate aerosol, and (ii) the warming has been delayed because it takes a long time for the vast mass of the ocean to heat up.

IPCC projections do not show obvious threshold behavior this century (12), but they do agree that sulfate aerosols would dampen the strength of ISM precipitation, whereas increased greenhouse gases increase the interannual variability of daily precipitation (69).

There is no evidence of regional cooling from increases in asian aerosols so it is logical to conclude that black carbon and sulfates balance out.

The issue is that BC and sulfate aerosols have increased in lockstep in China.

We saw increasing BC emissions also in the first half of the last century, which acted to counterbalance the cooling of the similarly increasing sulfate aerosols to some extent.

In all these regions, greenhouse gases are estimated to have caused generally increasing warming as the century progressed, balanced to a greater or lesser degree, depending on the region, by cooling from sulfate aerosols in the middle of the century.»

In response to increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and tropospheric sulfate aerosols, the multimodel average exhibits a positive annular trend in both hemispheres, with decreasing sea level pressure (SLP) over the pole and a compensating increase in midlatitudes.

Brenty - The increased level of atmospheric sulfate aerosols from tropical volcanoes over the last decade, blocked sunlight reaching the Earth's surface, which has contributed to a very slight reduction in warming.

The monotonic increase of the cleaned global temperature throughout the 20th century suggests increasing greenhouse gas forcing more - or-less consistently dominating sulfate aerosol forcing, although our technique can not exclude other mechanisms not contained in the current generation of model forcing (22).

Linkages of the observed changes in the diurnal temperature range to large - scale climate forcings, such as anthropogenic increases in sulfate aerosols, greenhouse gases, or biomass burning (smoke), remain tentative.

There is also a fairly large increase in modelled sulfate load over the Tropical North Atlantic from about 1960, which is presumably the main cause of modelled present day strong aerosol forcing off the West African coast, as depicted in Booth et al. figure 4b.