Glaciers and ice caps in Arctic Canada are continuing to lose mass at a rate that has been increasing since 1987, reflecting a trend towards
warmer summer air temperatures and longer melt seasons.
One international team drilled a sediment core from beneath a Siberian lake and found that
summer air temperatures there, in the mid-Pliocene, were as high as 15 ° C (about 59 ° Fahrenheit).
Developing a new manuscript (Box et al. submitted), I've managed to update the Box et al. (2009) near - surface air temperature reconstruction and am struck after incorporating 4 more years, it seems little doubt that
recent summer air temperatures for Greenland ice are the highest in at least 172 years.
A modelling exercise (Rasumov, 2001) suggested that erosion rates in the eastern Siberian Arctic could increase by 3 - 5 m / yr with a 3 °C increase in
mean summer air temperature.
Wave erosion and
high summer air temperatures promote rapid shoreline retreat, in some cases contributing a significant proportion of regional sediment and organic carbon inputs to the marine environment (Aré, 1999; Rachold et al., 2000).
As the elevational lapse rate
of summer air temperatures in the Polar Urals is 0.7 °C, the climate - dependent upper boundary of the zone suitable for tree growth could ascend approximately 100 m.
For example, coastal stations in Greenland are cooling and
average summer air temperatures at the summit of the Greenland Ice Sheet have decreased by 4 degrees Fahrenheit per decade since measurements began in 1987.
First, floating ice shelves around Antarctica will soon be exposed to above - zero
summer air temperatures, speeding their melt, he says.
This is why
the Summer air temperatures have not varied much over the entire instrumental period.