The result is less late
summer glacier runoff.
Even worse, loss of
summer glacier runoff will mean a collapse of rice and wheat agriculture in the northwest of the country as Himalayan glaciers continue to melt (current estimates are as high as 80 % loss within 30 years, and runoff is already in decline).
Not exact matches
As
glaciers expanded, spring and
summer runoff poured nutrients into the coastal ocean, fueling explosive growth in krill and small animals the whales consumed, they speculate.
Thus,
glacier retreat leads to an increase in spring
runoff and a decline in
summer runoff.
Unlike non-
glacier runoff,
glacier runoff correlates better with temperature than precipitation, due to the dominant role of
glacier melt compared to precipitation in
summer runoff from glacierized basins.
Glaciers alone provide 750 million m3 of
runoff each
summer (Fountain and Tangborn, 1985).
In the long run
glacier retreat simply results in the reduction of
runoff in the
summer, when other
runoff sources are also depleted.
This loss in melt extent is reducing
glacier runoff and
summer alpine streamflow.
In dry years
glacier runoff constitutes most of later
summer inflows to several large reservoirs.
Annual
glacier runoff is highest in warm, dry
summers and lowest during wet, cool
summers, further providing a balance to
summer runoff (Fountain and Tangborn, 1985; Hock et al., 2005).
As a
glacier retreats its area available for melting declines and so does
glacier runoff in the
summer.