"Summer rainfall" refers to the rain that occurs specifically during the summer season.
Full definition
Last year's wet winter and
adequate summer rainfall were probably the most important factors in the recovery, says the report.
«Improved understanding and predictions of
summer rainfall in the Sahel has the potential to help decision makers better anticipate future cycles of summer droughts and floods, helping local communities become increasingly resilient to the region's notoriously variable and changing climate.»
«Our study suggests that skilful predictions
of summer rainfall in the Sahel are now possible months or even years ahead,» said Dr Katy Sheen, formerly of the Met Office but now of the University of Exeter's Penryn Campus in Cornwall.
Variations in winter and spring surface salinity within the salinity maximum of the North Atlantic (the focus of the SPURS - 1 field campaign) were found to correlate well
with summer rainfall in the Sahel region of Africa.
The NAM is indeed a key component of drought variability in north - central Mexico, Arizona, and New Mexico, but the paleoclimatic record of
summer rainfall over the Southwest is very limited.
Li, W., L. Li, R. Fu, Y. Deng, and H. Wang, 2010: Changes to the North Atlantic Subtropical High and Its Role in the Intensification of
Summer Rainfall Variability in the Southeastern United States.
Dr Cameron Petrie, director of the ERC - funded project and co-author on the study, commented, «We are investigating the nature of human adaptation to the ecological conditions created by the winter and
summer rainfall systems of India.
Much of the food produced in the Sahel depends
on summer rainfall, and the region experienced major droughts during the 1970s and 1980s.
The next step is to use estimates of future sea ice loss to make predictions of how further melting could
influence summer rainfall in Europe in the years to come.
That means when our snowpack is gone — usually by the summer solstice — our water supply depends on often
meager summer rainfall to get us through until fall, he said.
For this exhibition, Samreth will present a new series of paintings created by either the effects of Tokyo's
heavy summer rainfall or made by the sunlight in a natural photographic process.
Summer is also the rainy season in Florida, and parts of Central Florida have seen an increase of 0.4» in
summer rainfall per decade since 1970.
Increased frequency of 1.2
mm summer rainfall events reduced moss cover from ~ 25 % of total surface cover to < 2 % after only one growing season, whereas increased temperature had no effect.
Coupling strength (a nondimensional pattern similarity diagnostic defined in Koster et al., 2006)
between summer rainfall and soil water in models assessed by the GLACE study (Guo et al., 2006), divided into how strongly soil water causes evaporation (including from plants) and how strongly this evaporation causes rainfall.
Observed population declines in three African savanna ungulates suggest that
summer rainfall reductions could result in their local extirpation if regional climate change trends are sustained (Ogutu and Owen - Smith, 2003).
Gong and Ho (2002) suggested that the change in
summer rainfall over the Yangtze River valley was due to a southward rainfall shift and Ho et al. (2003) noted a sudden change in Korea.
«Our study improves our understanding of the driving mechanisms of
summer rainfall variability and shows they are predictable,» Dr Sheen added.
The Indus Civilization developed in a specific environmental context, where the winter and
summer rainfall systems overlapped.
Quan and M. P. Hoerling (March 2008): Modelling the influence of North Atlantic multidecadal warmth on the
Indian summer rainfall.
The regional chronology is significantly correlated
with summer rainfall (November — February) from 1901 to 1948, and the derived reconstruction explains 46 % of the instrumental rainfall variance during this period.
Using hourly rain gauge records and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission 3B42 from 1998 to 2006, the authors present an analysis of the diurnal characteristics
of summer rainfall over subtropical East Asia.
«Melting Arctic sea ice could increase
summer rainfall in northwest Europe suggests new study.»
The Hunter Valley is probably the most difficult place to grow grapes in Australia, with a risk of
summer rainfall that most regions seldom have to fear.
«
Summer rainfall in vulnerable African region can be predicted.»
Summer rainfall in one of the world's most drought - prone regions can now be predicted months or years in advance, climate scientists at the Met Office and the University of Exeter say.
They add, «Today, summer temperatures approach or just exceed 0 degrees C. on many shelves, and due to their flat surfaces near sea level, little atmospheric warming would be needed to dramatically increase the areal extent of surface melting and
summer rainfall.»
Sensitivity is a measure of how much species» numbers change as a result of year - to - year changes in the weather — each species is sensitive to different aspects of the climate, such as winter temperature or
summer rainfall.
Rice is produced in different agroecological zones, mainly in warm / cool humid subtropics with
summer rainfall and in cool subtropics with summer rainfall.
A large fraction of
the summer rainfall feeding the growing season in the Central U.S. Plains (and other heavily populated continental interior regions near mountain ridges) comes from long - lived, organized nocturnal mesoscale convective systems.
The summer rainfall will have little effect on streamflow and the winter spring - rainfall will lead (with increases in evaporative demand) to a decrease in streamflow of > 10 %.
For example, despite the 5 - year drought that was recently busted in Oklahoma, most of that state has an upward trend in
summer rainfall, further indicating the feast or famine that can come with rainfall in the Plains.
«
Summer rainfall in vulnerable African region can be predicted.»
Danish and US scientists report in the Royal Society journal Open Science that between 1996 and 2014, researchers collected 593,788 specimens of different arthropod groups around the Zackenberg research station and noted the way the species composition of a population changed with time and with the pattern of
summer rainfall.
The Australian summer of 2010 - 2011 brought extreme rainfall and floods to Queensland and New South Wales — and also in 2011 - 2012 monsoon and
summer rainfall were above average.
Participating researchers said, in the course of the study, they had noticed «a strengthening trend of winter rainfall (between 1964 - 2006) and
summer rainfall (between 1938 - 2006) and weakening monsoon rain (1960 onwards).