Sentences with phrase «summer sea ice concentration»

Core PS2757 - 8 is located on the southern Lomonosov Ridge close to the Laptev Sea continental margin, an area that is predominantly covered by sea ice (Fig. 1; 7/10 summer sea ice concentration) but may occasionally be even ice - free during summer.

The fourth core, Core PS2138 - 2, is located at the Barents Sea continental margin, an area with a seasonal sea ice cover and a strong influence of warm Atlantic Water inflow today (Fig. 1; ca. 4/10 summer sea ice concentration).

The important news is that in five summers the sea ice concentration over the Arctic has not recovered from its precipitous decline in 2007.

Whereas most proxy - based reconstructions point to an early - middle LIG climatic optimum with reduced summer sea ice concentrations between 126 and 116 ka, the results of our model simulations only support a pronounced reduction in summer sea ice concentration for the LIG - 125 and LIG - 130 runs (in both time slice as well as transient runs; Figs. 8 and 9), but also indicate that sea ice was still present in the central Arctic Ocean even under climatic conditions significantly warmer than today (Fig. 4).

Whereas the mid-LIG summer sea ice concentrations were still around 60 to 75 % in the central Arctic Ocean, but only around 20 % or less along the Atlantic - Water influenced Barents Sea continental margin, nearly ice - free conditions might be reached in the entire Arctic Ocean in 2300.

At the Barents Sea continental margin (i.e., at site PS2138 - 2) strongly influenced by Atlantic Water inflow, minimum summer sea ice concentrations of about 25 % were simulated for the 125 ka time slice (Fig. 8d).

Not exact matches

The AMO is likely to be a driver of multi-decadal variations in Sahel droughts, precipitation in the Caribbean, summer climate of both North America and Europe, sea ice concentration in the Greenland Sea and sea level pressure over the southern USA, the North Atlantic and southern Europe (e.g., Venegas and Mysak, 2000; Goldenberg et al., 2001; Sutton and Hodson, 2005; Trenberth and Shea, 200sea ice concentration in the Greenland Sea and sea level pressure over the southern USA, the North Atlantic and southern Europe (e.g., Venegas and Mysak, 2000; Goldenberg et al., 2001; Sutton and Hodson, 2005; Trenberth and Shea, 200Sea and sea level pressure over the southern USA, the North Atlantic and southern Europe (e.g., Venegas and Mysak, 2000; Goldenberg et al., 2001; Sutton and Hodson, 2005; Trenberth and Shea, 200sea level pressure over the southern USA, the North Atlantic and southern Europe (e.g., Venegas and Mysak, 2000; Goldenberg et al., 2001; Sutton and Hodson, 2005; Trenberth and Shea, 2006).

The average historic summer minimum (the yellow line in Fig. 1) indicates large portions of the Chukchi Sea's foraging habitat have been covered with summer ice concentrations of 50 % and greater for much of the 20th century.

Likewise, concentrations of Arctic summer sea ice ranged from 2 months more sea ice to 4 months more open water.27

Even natural variability can impact medium term sea ice declines (or increases) but it is the long term constant external forcing from the rapidly increasing GH gas concentrations that will ultimately bring about the very likely ice free summer Arctic later this century.

a Average sea ice concentration 1988 — 2007 for March (winter maximum) and September (summer minimum)(Source: http://nsidc.org/).

During the MIS 5 interstadials, a seasonal sea ice cover and ice - edge conditions seem to have been most prominent, with minimum sea ice concentrations towards almost ice - free summers during MIS 5e (Eemian)(Fig. 3b).

Because of the importance of initial conditions for the sea ice state, more work is needed on remote sensing retrieval and interpretation of spring and summer ice concentrations and ice conditions, even if the present operational algorithms are not changed.

Because of the importance of initial conditions for the sea ice state, more work is needed on remote sensing retrieval and interpretation of spring and summer ice concentrations and ice condition, even if the present operational algorithms are not changed.

Very early in the season this whole area already exhibited a significantly lower sea ice concentration that accentuated throughout the summer season.

The AMO is likely to be a driver of multi-decadal variations in Sahel droughts, precipitation in the Caribbean, summer climate of both North America and Europe, sea ice concentration in the Greenland Sea and sea level pressure over the southern USA, the North Atlantic and southern Europe (e.g., Venegas and Mysak, 2000; Goldenberg et al., 2001; Sutton and Hodson, 2005; Trenberth and Shea, 200sea ice concentration in the Greenland Sea and sea level pressure over the southern USA, the North Atlantic and southern Europe (e.g., Venegas and Mysak, 2000; Goldenberg et al., 2001; Sutton and Hodson, 2005; Trenberth and Shea, 200Sea and sea level pressure over the southern USA, the North Atlantic and southern Europe (e.g., Venegas and Mysak, 2000; Goldenberg et al., 2001; Sutton and Hodson, 2005; Trenberth and Shea, 200sea level pressure over the southern USA, the North Atlantic and southern Europe (e.g., Venegas and Mysak, 2000; Goldenberg et al., 2001; Sutton and Hodson, 2005; Trenberth and Shea, 2006).

Nearly all studies to date published in the peer - reviewed literature agree that summer Arctic sea ice extent is rapidly declining and that, if heat - trapping gas concentrations continue to rise, an essentially ice - free summer Arctic ocean will be realized before mid-century.

She says improved summer weather predictions as well as satellite measurements of sea ice thickness and concentration could help forecasting.

Scientific confidence of the occurrence of climate change include, for example, that over at least the last 50 years there have been increases in the atmospheric concentration of CO2; increased nitrogen and soot (black carbon) deposition; changes in the surface heat and moisture fluxes over land; increases in lower tropospheric and upper ocean temperatures and ocean heat content; the elevation of sea level; and a large decrease in summer Arctic sea ice coverage and a modest increase in Antarctic sea ice coverage.

Walker and colleagues have found that the vegetation's productivity depends on summer land temperature and late spring sea - ice concentration.

Figure 3: Percentage difference in monthly mean surface ozone concentrations in March, between the run in which spring and summer sea ice is removed («extreme scenario») and the run in which no perturbations were applied.

Figure 2: Percentage difference in monthly mean surface OH concentrations in August, between the run in which late - summer sea ice is removed («realistic scenario») and the run in which no perturbations were applied.

Figure 1: A NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory climate model simulation shows a dramatic decrease in late summer Arctic sea ice concentrations by 2085.