This information was then fed into the weather prediction model to forecast summer - to -
summer temperature variability in the eastern United States during the 2080s.
Its results show a large range of natural
summer temperature variability and identify distinct phases of rapid change.
Zanobetti, A., M. S. O'Neill, C. J. Gronlund, and J. D. Schwartz, 2012:
Summer temperature variability and long - term survival among elderly people with chronic disease.
Not exact matches
We present tree ring — based reconstructions of central European
summer precipitation and
temperature variability over the past 2500 years.
The findings suggest the latitude of the Atlantic jet stream in
summer is influenced by several factors including sea surface
temperatures, solar
variability, and the extent of Arctic sea - ice, indicating a potential long - term memory and predictability in the climate system.
Schär, C., et al., 2004: The role of increasing
temperature variability for European
summer heat waves.
The role of increasing
temperature variability in European
summer heat waves.
(on the external forcing at another occasion) This
summer / winter dichotomy in the N. Hemisphere's
temperature variability is clearly shown in the CET's 350 year long instrumental record.
Esper et al. (2012)-- «
Variability and extremes of northern Scandinavian
summer temperatures over the past two millennia»
On a continental scale (the scale relevant to climate), Australian
temperature this
summer was unremarkable — it was within the range of previous
variability.
Schar C, Vidale PL, Luthi D, Frei C, Haberli C, Liniger MA, Appenzeller C: The role of increasing
temperature variability in European
summer heatwaves.
The role of increasing
temperature variability in European
summer heatwaves.
Esper, J. et al. (2012)
Variability and extremes of northern Scandinavian
summer temperatures over the past two millennia.
Variability and extremes of northern Scandinavian
summer temperatures over the past two millennia.
In Southern Europe, climate change is projected to worsen conditions (high
temperatures and drought) in a region already vulnerable to climate
variability, and to reduce water availability, hydropower potential,
summer tourism and, in general, crop productivity.
''... worked with two sediment cores they extracted from the seabed of the eastern Norwegian Sea, developing a 1000 - year proxy
temperature record «based on measurements of δ18O in Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, a planktonic foraminifer that calcifies at relatively shallow depths within the Atlantic waters of the eastern Norwegian Sea during late
summer,» which they compared with the temporal histories of various proxies of concomitant solar activity... This work revealed, as the seven scientists describe it, that «the lowest isotope values (highest
temperatures) of the last millennium are seen ~ 1100 - 1300 A.D., during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, and again after ~ 1950 A.D.» In between these two warm intervals, of course, were the colder
temperatures of the Little Ice Age, when oscillatory thermal minima occurred at the times of the Dalton, Maunder, Sporer and Wolf solar minima, such that the δ18O proxy record of near - surface water
temperature was found to be «robustly and near - synchronously correlated with various proxies of solar
variability spanning the last millennium,» with decade - to century - scale
temperature variability of 1 to 2 °C magnitude.»
Based on
temperature records from 1864 to 2002, the odds of such a heatwave occurring are about 1 in 10 million.4 An event like the 2003 heatwave becomes much more likely after factoring in the observed warming of 2 °F over Europe and increased weather
variability.5 In addition, comparing computer models of climate with and without human contribution shows that human influence has roughly quadrupled the odds of a European
summer as hot as or hotter than the
summer of 2003.6
Variability and extremes of northern Scandinavian
summer temperatures over the past two millennia, Esper et al, 01/2012; read more here.
Here we show that due to the small
temperature variability from one year to another, the earliest emergence of significant warming occurs in the
summer season in low latitude countries (≈ 25 ° S — 25 ° N).
Most agree it's difficult to determine exactly what is driving late
summer temperatures in the tropical Atlantic — be it natural climate
variability, greenhouse gases or some other factor, such as volcanic eruptions.
As I recall, I even invited Tim Osborn in the audience to add his own comments — but he had little to say] for the fact that * high latitude *, primarily *
summer responsive *, tree - ring * density * data have exhibited a noteable decline in the past few decades in the amplitude of their response to
temperature variability.
What the paper does focus on, Hansen said, is determining whether extreme weather events like the Texas heat wave can be attributed to climate
variability — the natural ups and downs in seasonal
temperature — or to the global upward trend in
summer temperatures that science now links with climate change.
The role of increasing
temperature variability in European
summer heat waves.
Not to dwell too much on semantics (on what smooth and gradual exactly means in the context of a hardly constant weather), as far as
temperatures over Europe are concerned, my understanding is that night time winter
temperatures will rise most, and
summer maximum
temperatures least and that otherwise the
variability of
temperature won't be affected much.
Interannual
variability of surface
temperature is larger in the winter hemisphere than in the
summer and larger over land than over ocean (Fig. 2).
Schär, C., P. Vidale, D. Luthi, C. Frei, C. Haberli, M. A. Liniger, and C. Appenzeller, 2004: The role of increasing
temperature variability in European
summer heatwaves.
And, since most of the warming has been and will be concentrated in winter and nights, we will see rising
temperatures more in a narrowing of
temperature variability rather than a drastic increase in
summer high
temperatures.