Rooftop solar water and space heaters that directly convert
sunlight into heat have been embraced in a number of countries but nowhere as much as in China.
The new technology, dubbed «solar steam», uses nanoparticles submerged in water to convert
the sunlight into heat.
Transitioning undersea dirty sediment to oil, smearing the residue over a good propotion of our beautiful land to coat roads (what converts
sunlight into heat better than black?
Solar - thermal systems, which turn
sunlight into heat and then into electricity, are more efficient than photovoltaics — because they can use the entire solar spectrum, they can reach efficiencies of 30 percent — but they are impossible to scale down to rooftop size.
Not exact matches
They reflect
sunlight back
into space, trap
heat and carry moisture, all of which can have contradictory impacts
Masdar Institute faculty are part of a collaborative team of researchers that has discovered a novel way to significantly increase the amount of
sunlight that a solar absorber can convert
into heat.
And that
heat appears to be cycling back
into the atmosphere each fall, when the amount of
sunlight dips and sea ice re-forms.
And because the
sunlight is also transformed
into heat, that energy can be stored more easily than the direct electricity that photovoltaic cells produce, Wang says.
Fischetti: Right, if you think about a long trough that reflects
sunlight, it concentrates the
sunlight along a pipe that runs parallel to the long trough and concentrate [s] the
sunlight like a magnifying glass, [which]
heats the fluid inside this pipe really hot, so the hot fluid circulates out to a somewhat traditional power plant where it's allowed to expand
into high pressure gas that turns a turbine which generates electricity.
By first converting the
sunlight to
heat and then back
into light, the device fine - tunes the energy of photons absorbed by the photovoltaic cell, maximizing the electricity - generating potential.
A hazy umbrella of sulfur particles is reflecting enough
sunlight and
heat back
into space to offset global warming.
For millennia, Greenland's ice sheet reflected
sunlight back
into space, but satellite measurements in recent years suggest the bright surface is darkening, causing solar
heat to be absorbed and surface melting to accelerate.
The differences affect how much
sunlight makes it
into the lower atmosphere and can reflect, buffer or trap in
heat.
To manage temperature extremes, the pilots» clothing is made of «intelligent» nylon fibers that direct infrared
heat back to the surface of cold skin and keep the pilot cool when direct
sunlight turns the cockpit
into an oven.
CONVERTING
sunlight into electricity, rather than using it to
heat water directly, could lead to cheaper domestic solar energy, say engineers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Maryland.
Their invention shunts away the
heat generated by a solar cell under
sunlight and cools it in a way that allows it to convert more photons
into electricity.
They may act as reflectors, bouncing incoming
sunlight back
into space, or like blankets, absorbing
heat emitted from the surface and then radiating it back down.
It
heats up in
sunlight like most other compounds, but it does not radiate its
heat into its surroundings as much.
Carbon nanotubes — extremely efficient absorbers of
sunlight, which convert nearly the entire solar spectrum
into heat — take care of that step.
The sulphur in the lower atmosphere below 15kms is reflecting
sunlight back
into space but the black soot also a component in the ABC's is
heating when bombarded with solar radiation and warming the atmosphere up to 15kms dramatically affecting cloud formation and monsoon / drought cycles.
Clouds are an important part of the Arctic climate because they both reflect
sunlight's
heat back
into the atmosphere and trap warmth from the earth.
The Yarkovsky effect is a force on an asteroid when it absorbs
sunlight and then radiates it back
into space as
heat.
Brighter clouds reflect more
sunlight back
into space, reducing the amount of
heat absorbed by the earth.
Fine particles emitted by vehicles (especially diesel - powered ones), coal - fired power plants, and burning wood can penetrate deep
into the lungs, while car exhaust,
heat, and
sunlight contribute to high ozone levels.
The entry - level Premium models with folding,
heated wing mirrors, a panoramic sunroof, solar control glass, which limits the amount of
sunlight into the cabin to keep the
heat down inside.
A special, highly innovative type of leather on the seats, interior panels, and steering wheel that significantly reduces the
heat effect of bright sunshine: Treatment of the leather in Sun Reflective Technology serves to integrate special color pigments
into the material to reflect infrared radiation in the
sunlight.
When the days start to get longer in January and February, additional
sunlight signals a female cat's pituitary gland to start ovulation and she will go
into heat.
Those living in the upper splash zone are tolerant to
sunlight,
heat, and water loss and have either a means to «shelter» themselves or the ability to move
into an area of greater moisture.
So now you lost evaporative cooling, the incoming
sunlight turns
into sensible
heat rather than a large fraction going
into latent
heat.
If the greenhouse effect (that checks the exit of longwave radiation from Earth
into space) or the amount of absorbed
sunlight diminished, one would see a slowing in the
heat uptake of the oceans.
The particles used in the system
heat up so rapidly that the water is instantly vaporized
into steam, as the particles can be activated by not just visible
sunlight, but also by shorter wavelengths that are invisible to the human eye.
Thus, if the absorption of the infrared emission from atmospheric greenhouse gases reduces the gradient through the skin layer, the flow of
heat from the ocean beneath will be reduced, leaving more of the
heat introduced
into the bulk of the upper oceanic layer by the absorption of
sunlight to remain there to increase water temperature.
But by changing the planet's albedo through a large seasonal variation, the total insolation is changed — more
sunlight is reflected back
into space without being absorbed as
heat.
Carbon dioxide acts something like the glass panes in a greenhouse, allowing
sunlight in to
heat the Earth, but preventing some of that
heat from escaping
into space.
As the Arctic sea ice melts, however, and the incoming
sunlight hits the much darker open water, only 6 percent is reflected back
into space and 94 percent is converted
into heat.
While standard solar panels convert
sunlight directly
into electricity, concentrated solar power plants focus an array of mirrors onto a solar receiver and use the resulting
heat to drive an electricity - generating steam turbine.
Concentrated solar power technologies use mirrors that direct
sunlight to
heat an intermediary fluid, which then
heats water
into steam to drive a turbine.
High quality
heat (5000K
sunlight) is transformed
into low quality
heat (255K water) and it can never again be used to
heat anything to a temperature higher than 255K which includes the ocean surface and the air above it.
The other kind of geoengineering tries to reflect
sunlight back
into space before it has a chance to
heat the Earth, much as putting up an umbrella at the beach keeps you cool by blocking the sun.
AGWSF's basic fictional meme here is «all electromagnetic energy from the Sun is the same and all create
heat on being absorbed» — this is the meme you are repeating in your «Without
sunlight adding energy which converted
into heat».
Without
sunlight adding energy which converted
into heat, the surface Earth would be very cold.
gbaikie December 16, 2012 at 8:46 pm said:» «- Without
sunlight adding energy which converted
into heat, the surface Earth would be very cold»
The ice normally reflects more
heat and
sunlight back
into space than open ocean or bare ground, so when it is reduced, the Earth gets a small incremental
heat flux that will result in an increase in temperatures.
New fuel cell design can convert any biomass
into electricity with a little help from
sunlight or waste
heat.
That cooling leads to later daily formation of clouds near the tropics which means more
sunlight heating the oceans means greater
heat transfer
into the oceans which subsequently results in lagging feedback in an El Niño that overshoots stasis.
Exterior shades block high - angle
sunlight to mitigate
heat loading, and interior light shelves bounce indirect daylight deeper
into the offices and classrooms.
Increasing amounts of sea ice and clouds could reflect more
sunlight back
into space, but Wally Broecker suggests that a major greenhouse gas is disturbed by the far - north failure of the salt conveyor, and that this affects the amount of
heat retained.
Passive solar
heating, which uses the position of windows and thermally absorptive surfaces to convert incoming
sunlight into stored interior
heat, is another approach.
«Climatologists suggest that dust and other particles released
into the atmosphere as a result of farming and fuel burning may be blocking more and more
sunlight from reaching and
heating the surface of the earth,» The Time lamented.
These wavelengths translated
into chemical energy or
heat so that the temperature profile of the stratosphere and above reflects the interaction of
sunlight and the various gases molecules.