Sentences with phrase «surface density of»

Alternatively, suppose that automated lens finding algorithms were able to select as few as 105 targets for visual inspection, corresponding to a sample with 10 per cent purity and a surface density of ∼ 10 per deg2 (a rate within reach of ringfinder, for example: Gavazzi et al. 2014).

Hence, a delicate balance must be achieved between irradiation fluence and surface density of the surfactant on the nanorods.

Both M81 and M101 were observed with the Far - Infrared Surveyor (FIS) aboard AKARI in four far - infrared bands at 65, 90, 14... ▽ More We assess the relationships between the surface densities of the gas and star formation rate (SFR) within spiral arms of the nearby late - type spiral galaxies M81 and M101.

Abstract: We assess the relationships between the surface densities of the gas and star formation rate (SFR) within spiral arms of the nearby late - type spiral galaxies M81 and M101.

Not exact matches

Quantitative Defect Analysis of Ablator Capsule Surfaces Using a Leica Confocal Microscope and a High - Density Atomic Force Microscope

Each bite also feels more substantial and flavorful than energy bars because of the density of ingredients in ball - form rather than in bar - form where there is more surface area.

Layers of high - density fiber fill offer a comfortable yet ultra-firm sleeping surface with materials that are 100 % non-toxic and free of polyurethane foam, vinyl and chemical flame retardants.

Evaporation from the ocean waters can also lower the density of the air close to the surface to the point that it can not mix with the air layer above it.

Suspensions of nanoparticles are possible because the interaction of the particle surface with the solvent is strong enough to overcome differences in density, which usually result in a material either sinking or floating in a liquid.

A number of studies have shown that LDL (low - density lipoprotein)-- the «bad cholesterol» — with apoC - III on its surface is particularly harmful, leading to higher incidence of plaque buildup in artery walls.

But if the density of matter is low, space would curve away from itself like the surface of a saddle, and the expansion would continue forever.

The density of the mammoth main - belt asteroid Ceres suggests it contains a large amount of water ice, but no clear - cut sign of ice has been found on its surface.

In the simplest setup, the size of the current reveals the density of electrons in the surface, allowing it to be mapped out.

Today we know that, like most mountains on Earth, Mount Everest is compensated by a low - density root that extends many tens of kilometers below the surface.

Shirley Meng, a professor at UC San Diego's Department of NanoEngineering, added, «This beautiful study combines several complementary tools that probe both the bulk and surface of the NMC layered oxide — one of the most promising cathode materials for high - voltage operation that enables higher energy density in lithium - ion batteries.

In other words, the material protruding above the surface is compensated by a reduction of density at depth.

Between 150 and 350 kilometers above Earth's surface, the density of free - floating electrons should drop by a factor of two as they rejoin atoms, the researchers say.

When the researchers took density of snow into account, they found that ice shelves lost about five times more ice by submarine melting than they gained from new surface snowpack.

Current observatories could also help reveal what makes spinning neutron stars called pulsars tick, mapping their starquake - shaken interiors and any centimeters - high «mountains» (which would weigh roughly the mass of a planet because of neutron stars» extreme density) that could pop up on their surfaces.

Its outer surface will explode while its inner core implodes, giving it 100 times the density of lead.

Depending on the microscopic alignment of the particles, they create surface types with different densities and different responses to external stimuli (e.g. elcetromagnetic fields).

Using the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer, or LBTI, in Arizona, the HOSTS Survey determines the brightness and density of warm dust floating in nearby stars» habitable zones, where liquid water could exist on the surface of a planet.

Now, Arnold and his team at NYU Tandon's MicroParticle PhotoPhysics Laboratory for BioPhotonics (MP3L) are the first to find a way to determine the density of charges on an area of a WGM micro-bead's surface, as well as the charge of an ensnared nanoparticle or virus, by measuring how light frequency fluctuates as the tiny particle follows its wobbly course around the sphere.

«If the moon broke apart at 1.2 Mars radii, about 680 kilometers above the surface, it would form a really narrow ring comparable in density to that of one of Saturn's most massive rings,» Mittal said.

If Earth were a perfect sphere, perfectly uniform in density and covered to a uniform depth with ocean, the geoid — a word coined by geologists to refer to an imaginary plane located at the average level of the sea's surface — would be a perfect sphere as well.

This is the first demonstration of this nanoscale NMR measurement with perfectly aligned, high - density NV centers near the surface, marking a huge advance for quantum magnetometry research.

In January 2005, for example, Ohio State University geophysicist Ralph von Frese and his colleagues noticed a concentration of higher - than - average - density material in the rock about a mile under the surface of the East Antarctic ice sheet.

«When shallow defects align, diamonds shine for unprecedented quantum sensitivity: Researchers demonstrate a new way to produce high - density clusters of aligned quantum sensors in diamond just nanometers from the surface, offering submolecular sensitivity to microscopy like never before.»

The researchers» biggest challenge was increasing the biofuel cell's energy density, meaning the amount of energy it can generate per surface area.

The structure of RuO2 (110) and the mechanism for catalytic carbon monoxide oxidation on this surface were studied by low - energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and density - functional calculations.

Other theories suggest that a «sense of magnitude» that enables people to discriminate between different «continuous magnitudes,» such as the density of two groups of apples or total surface area of two pizza trays, is even more basic and automatic than a sense of numbers.

Since the density of pure water ice is ca. 920 kg / m3, and that of sea water ca. 1025 kg / m3, typically, around 90 % of the volume of an iceberg is under water, and that portion's shape can be difficult to surmise from looking at what is visible above the surface.

The lunar samples had been found to contain a large proportion of low - density minerals, and the only plausible explanation anyone had proposed was that the moon's surface had once been almost entirely molten.

From those densities, they estimate that the fourth planet out from the star, known as TRAPPIST - 1e, is the rockiest of the seven and the most Earth - like, with the possibility of liquid water on its surface.

But because they require large amounts of accessible surface area to store energy, they have always lagged badly in energy density by volume.

In fact, the litter density on the deep seafloor of the Fram Strait is 10 to 100 times higher than at the sea surface.

Titan's gravity, the relative densities of its atmosphere and seas, and the seas» viscosity and surface tension all went into his model.

Their lower energy density, i.e. the amount of energy that they can store in a given volume or surface area, has meant that they were not able to power sensors or microelectronic components.

So as the tip is passed across the sample surface, it creates a spatial image of the electron density and, separately, of the crystal lattice.

«We fly [test] controls and assume that if the other surfaces were not coated they would get the same density of bug strikes,» Siochi said.

In our experiments, we found that when the plating and stripping current density is raised above ~ 9 milliamperes per square centimeter, there is substantial self - heating of the dendrites, which triggers extensive surface migration of Li.

«Based on our study, it appears plant cells need both a high density of the enzymes that create cellulose, and their rapid movement across the cell surface, to make this happen so quickly.»

Yamaguchi believes that deuterium ions migrate towards the palladium oxide surface of the plate because of differences in temperature and density.

When sea ice forms, it expels salt into the surrounding water, increasing the density of the water and causing it to sink, carrying oxygenated surface water into the depths.

Sensitive to tiny variations in the gravitational tug of the moon, GRAIL mapped density variations below the surface (because regions of higher density produce slightly higher gravitational forces).

The model showed that if there were varying amounts of salt in the surface ice shell, it could provide the necessary density differences for a slab to subduct.

At the relatively low pressures found near Earth's surface, basaltic magma would have had a density of about 2.7 grams per cubic centimeter, the tests suggest.

And two, as the surface of the ocean warms, its density decreases and the oceans become more stratified.

As a result there was an increase in moisture transport out of the Atlantic, which effectively increased the salinity and density, of the ocean surfaces, leading to an abrupt increase in circulation strength and temperature rise.

These so - called urban heat islands result from various factors, such as population density, surface sealing, thermal radiation of buildings, industry, and transport as well as lacking vegetation.