Sentences with phrase «surface ice mass»

Greenland surface ice mass balance has also reached a record high, defying the often heard claims that it's melting.

And although Arctic temperatures have been well above normal this winter, Greenland's surface ice mass continues at its rampage record level:

In 2010 Greenland lost more surface ice mass than in any other year since modern observations began, researchers of City College New York reported on Friday.

``... Arctic temperatures have been well above normal this winter, Greenland's surface ice mass...» grows.

Not exact matches

Today both poles are getting warmer; in Greenland and Antarctica you can see the surface of the ice dropping, and you can see there's less mass when you measure the ice from space.

This allowed them to calculate the redistribution of mass on Earth's surface due to the melting of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets and mountain glaciers, and model the shift in Earth's axis.

The drought that is devastating California and much of the West has dried the region so much that 240 gigatons worth of surface and groundwater have been lost, roughly the equivalent to a 3.9 - inch layer of water over the entire West, or the annual loss of mass from the Greenland Ice Sheet, according to the study.

The data allowed them to calculate the redistribution of mass on Earth's surface due to the melting of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets and mountain glaciers, and the resulting rise in sea level.

«What we found was that during most of the deglaciation, the surface mass balance of the Laurentide Ice Sheet was generally positive,» Ullman said.

David Ullman, a postdoctoral researcher at Oregon State University and lead author on the study, said there are two mechanisms through which ice sheets diminish — dynamically, from the jettisoning of icebergs at the fringes, or by a negative «surface mass balance,» which compares the amount of snow accumulation relative to melting.

Like the inferred lakes on Europa, Vostok lies some two miles under a shell of surface ice and remains liquid due to the crushing pressure of that overlying mass.

Zehner says that the agency plans to build and launch at least five «sentinel» satellites to monitor not only trace gases that indicate pollution in the atmosphere, but also the surface temperature of the oceans, the movement of ice and the shifting of land masses.

The team's computer simulation of the glacierlike flow within each mass suggests that the surface ice moves horizontally at no more than a few centimeters each year, which nevertheless is quick enough to totally resurface each polygonal cell every 500,000 years or so.

Complementary analyses of the surface mass balance of Greenland (Tedesco et al, 2011) also show that 2010 was a record year for melt area extent... Extrapolating these melt rates forward to 2050, «the cumulative loss could raise sea level by 15 cm by 2050 ″ for a total of 32 cm (adding in 8 cm from glacial ice caps and 9 cm from thermal expansion)- a number very close to the best estimate of Vermeer & Rahmstorf (2009), derived by linking the observed rate of sea level rise to the observed warming.

Discovered in 1978 by the United States Naval Observatory, Charon is the largest of Pluto's five moons and is only half the size of Pluto and one - eighth of its mass, with a surface dominated by a mixture of water ice and frozen ammonia.

Consistent with observed changes in surface temperature, there has been an almost worldwide reduction in glacier and small ice cap (not including Antarctica and Greenland) mass and extent in the 20th century; snow cover has decreased in many regions of the Northern Hemisphere; sea ice extents have decreased in the Arctic, particularly in spring and summer (Chapter 4); the oceans are warming; and sea level is rising (Chapter 5).

If these polar continents lose a mile or more of ice from their land surface, there will be less mass, and so some of the water now attracted to those polar land masses will dissipate, and go elsewhere.

They effectively remove mass from the ice sheet surface by sublimation and redistribute snow on a regional scale.

They have tracked the rotten ice to a depth of nearly 3 feet below the surface — a finding that could help scientists who develop climate models to better understand how ice sheets are losing mass.

Unlike the great ice sheet of Antarctica, the Greenland ice sheet is melting both on its surface and also at outlet glaciers that drain the ice sheet's mass through deep fjords, where these glaciers extend out into the ocean and often terminate in dynamic calving fronts, giving up gigaton - sized icebergs at times.

Right now, the ice sheet's surface has about 1.2 times the amount of mass than normal; at the same point in 2012, it had 1.2 times less than normal, Box said.

So does mass change at the Earth's surface, which can come from shifts in ice sheets, or even possibly in major atmospheric wind currents.

The estimated 2010 or 2011 surface mass imbalance (~ 300 Gt / yr) is comparable to the GRACE estimates of the total mass loss (which includes ice loss via dynamic effects such as the speeding up of outlet glaciers) of 248 ± 43 Gt / yr for the years 2005 - 2009 Chen et al, 2011.

Regional variations arise because the Earth's gravity field is affected in multiple ways by the melt of ice, due to the direct effect of surface mass changes (the gravity field is determined by the distribution of mass), the consequent deformation of the Solid Earth (removing a load causes the Earth's surface to rebound, which in turn changes the distribution of the Earth's mass), the consequent redistribution of ocean water (the ocean surface is shaped by the gravity filed) and perturbations of the Earth's rotation axis (because of mass redistribution).

The surface (including the continental ice masses) can only absorb heat slowly because it is a poor heat conductor.

The surface mass balance (SMB) results show a very favourable correlation (r ^ 2 > 0.90) with more than 500 SMB observations all over the ice sheet, from firn cores, snow pits, etc..

However, the idea is simple, and I've talked about this much in many presentations this winter: Take the amount of ice you need to get rid of from Greenland to raise sea level 2 m in the next century, reduce it by your best estimate of the amount that would be removed by surface mass balance losses, and try to push the rest out of the aggregate cross-sectional area of Greenland's marine - based outlet glaciers.

[Response: Surface mass balance on the ice sheets is a good example.

[Response: Rain on the flanks is not that uncommon, but enough rain on the bulk of the ice sheet to affect the surface mass balance as much as you suggest is not on.

Also, I believe we are seeing the beginning of a new glacial southern migration, the Arctic ice cap has thinned and the surface mass has been on the increase which to me is indicative of a glacial formation

The total 2000 — 2008 mass loss of ~ 1500 gigatons, equivalent to 0.46 millimeters per year of global sea level rise, is equally split between surface processes (runoff and precipitation) and ice dynamics.

This is computed from an ice sheet surface mass balance model, with the snowfall amounts and temperatures derived from a high - resolution atmospheric circulation model.

If a negative surface mass balance were sustained for millennia, that would lead to virtually complete elimination of the Greenland ice sheet and a resulting contribution to sea level rise of about 7 m.

• Current global model studies project that the Antarctic ice sheet will remain too cold for widespread surface melting and is expected to gain in mass due to increased snowfall.

Most scientists had figured that even after the air got warm enough to melt the surface of an ice shelf, it would take millennia for the entire great mass to melt away.

Top: The total daily contribution to the surface mass balance from the entire ice sheet (blue line, Gt / day).

We quantify sea - level commitment in the baseline case by building on Levermann et al. (10), who used physical simulations to model the SLR within a 2,000 - y envelope as the sum of the contributions of (i) ocean thermal expansion, based on six coupled climate models; (ii) mountain glacier and ice cap melting, based on surface mass balance and simplified ice dynamic models; (iii) Greenland ice sheet decay, based on a coupled regional climate model and ice sheet dynamic model; and (iv) Antarctic ice sheet decay, based on a continental - scale model parameterizing grounding line ice flux in relation to temperature.

Surface melt on an ice sheet not only directly reduces the ice sheet mass but also can accelerate ice flow and even leads to further melting.

Satellite radar altimetry, in which timing of a radar or laser beam return back to a satellite is used as a measure of surface elevation, enabled researchers to assess ice mass by examining elevation change over time.

(Ice sheet mass balance (MB) is the difference between surface mass balance (SMB) and solid ice discharge across the grounding line (DIce sheet mass balance (MB) is the difference between surface mass balance (SMB) and solid ice discharge across the grounding line (Dice discharge across the grounding line (D).)

When polar ice melts the earth changes shape: mass (ice) which was concentrated at the poles, with a short arm of inertia, is spread evenly around the ocean surface, averaging something like 63 degrees latitude.

So the 2016 - 2017 Surface Mass Balance of approximately 550 Gt yr ^ -1 may seem to have caused a positive ice sheet mass balance (MB).

DMI says, The surface mass balance is calculated over a year from September 1st to August 31st (the end of the melt season) For the 2016 - 17 SMB year, which ended yesterday, the ice sheet had gained 544bn tonnes of ice, compared to an average for 1981 - 2010 of 368bn tonnes.

This cycling of CO2 into and out of ice on the surface changes the atmospheric mass by tens of percent over the course of a Martian year.»

The figure below shows the total amount of surface (red) and bottom (yellow) melt through 1 August 2008 measured at seven sea ice mass balance buoys.

Estimates of top surface and bottom melt from ice mass - balance buoy observations were provided by Don Perovich's team.

Pokrovsky predicts a further acceleration of melting of the thin ice and in general greater ice loss compared to his June prediction; this change is based on the increase in the sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the North Atlantic and the presence of hot air masses over Siberia and the Russian Arctic.

Figure 4 shows the present (13 August 2008) surface condition as evidenced by the web camera image from the NPEO Automated Drifting Station, the location of the ice - mass - balance buoy installation nearest Fram Strait.

AGW climate scientists seem to ignore that while the earth's surface may be warming, our atmosphere above 10,000 ft. above MSL is a refrigerator that can take water vapor scavenged from the vast oceans on earth (which are also a formidable heat sink), lift it to cold zones in the atmosphere by convective physical processes, chill it (removing vast amounts of heat from the atmosphere) or freeze it, (removing even more vast amounts of heat from the atmosphere) drop it on land and oceans as rain, sleet or snow, moisturizing and cooling the soil, cooling the oceans and building polar ice caps and even more importantly, increasing the albedo of the earth, with a critical negative feedback determining how much of the sun's energy is reflected back into space, changing the moment of inertia of the earth by removing water mass from equatorial latitudes and transporting this water vapor mass to the poles, reducing the earth's spin axis moment of inertia and speeding up its spin rate, etc..

B. Martín - Español et al 2016 - Spatial and temporal Antarctic Ice Sheet mass trends, glacio - isostatic adjustment, and surface processes from a joint inversion of satellite altimeter, gravity, and GPS data