Sentences with phrase «surface ocean data»

Not exact matches

John Dabiri, a professor of civil and environmental and mechanical engineering at Stanford, says the ocean surface is relatively poorly sampled and there is a need for low - cost ways to collect data.

It comes down to what every scientist knows too well — analyzing data collected by different methods, and at different times, is a tricky business because some methods of collecting ocean surface temperatures are more accurate than others.

It's signature product is the Submaran ™, the first hybrid wind and solar - powered surface and subsurface vessel designed for extended ocean observation and data collection.

The data showed that, in comparison to today, the Atlantic Ocean surface circulation was much weaker during the Little Ice Age, a cool period thought to be triggered by volcanic activity that lasted from 1450 - 1850.

In addition to temperature, wind, and solar radiation data, the Pacific saildrones are measuring how the ocean and air exchange gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen, and they are using Doppler instruments to gauge currents coursing up to 100 meters below the surface.

One of the subtle changes visible in the new data - set is how the Amazon's greenness corresponds to one of the long - known causes of rainfall or drought to the Amazon basin: changes in sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean, called the El Nino Southern Oscillation.

«The data showed that both greenhouse gases and sea surface temperature anomalies contributed strongly to the risk of snow drought in Oregon and Washington,» said Mote, a professor in OSU's College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences.

«For the first time, we have used a geophysical method to determine the internal structure of Enceladus, and the data suggest that indeed there is a large, possibly regional ocean about 50 kilometers below the surface of the south pole,» says David Stevenson, the Marvin L. Goldberger Professor of Planetary Science at Caltech and an expert in studies of the interior of planetary bodies.

The team were able to draw these conclusions by analysing new data from the chemical composition of the fossilised shells of sea surface and seafloor organisms from that period, taken from drilling cores from the ocean floor in the South Atlantic.

They reported this finding in July after analyzing 50 - plus years of data on light penetration of the ocean surface and plankton abundance in water samples.

SeaWiFS data show that photosynthesizing organisms have declined in certain ocean gyres (large - scale surface current patterns), said Jim Yoder, a scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, in a NASA article commemorating the end of SeaWiFS's mission.

Four days after its launch on 17 January, the Jason - 3 high - precision ocean altimetry satellite is delivering its first sea surface height measurement data in near - real time for evaluation by engineers from the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), EUMETSAT, the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and scientists from the international Ocean Surface Topography Science ocean altimetry satellite is delivering its first sea surface height measurement data in near - real time for evaluation by engineers from the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), EUMETSAT, the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and scientists from the international Ocean Surface Topography Sciencsurface height measurement data in near - real time for evaluation by engineers from the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), EUMETSAT, the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and scientists from the international Ocean Surface Topography Science Ocean Surface Topography SciencSurface Topography Science Team.

Tamsin Edwards, a climatologist at the Open University in the UK, says it is too early to tell, since changes in the PDO can only be detected through statistical analysis of large amounts of data on ocean surface temperatures.

Analyzing data collected over a 20 - month period, scientists from NASA's Goddard Space Flight center in Greenbelt, Md., and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found that the number of cirrus clouds above the Pacific Ocean declines with warmer sea surface temperatures.

Real - world data back the claim: Accumulations of calcium carbonate in deep - sea Pacific sediments show that the Pliocene ocean experienced huge shifts at the time, with waters churning all the way from the surface down to about three kilometers deep, as would be expected from a conveyor belt — type circulation.

The project, called Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO), uses observational data — including ocean surface topography, surface wind stress, temperature, salinity profiles and velocity data — collected between June 2005 and December Ocean (ECCO), uses observational data — including ocean surface topography, surface wind stress, temperature, salinity profiles and velocity data — collected between June 2005 and December ocean surface topography, surface wind stress, temperature, salinity profiles and velocity data — collected between June 2005 and December 2007.

The researchers developed a novel approach to the issue by using climate data from the IPCC and directly modeling all of the components that cause flooding at the coast including, waves, tides, winds blowing over the surface of the ocean and estuaries, precipitation, and stream flow.

Now, Waite is interested in applying mass spectrometry to determine Europa's surface composition, data that could clarify how the moon's icy surface interacts with the liquid oceans below.

In addition, satellite observations of the ocean surface and atmospheric data were included.

Invasive species are entering the region with or without shipping, says Ted Scambos of the National Snow and Ice Data Center in Colorado; warming of the Arctic Ocean's surface temperatures has already increased mixing with foreign waters and all the microbes they contain.

To develop the model, they compared historic fire data from NASA's Terra satellite with sea surface temperature data in the tropical Pacific and North Atlantic oceans from buoys and satellite images compiled by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

The model also generated acoustic data; an interesting revelation of the simulation was that tsunamigenic surface - breaking ruptures, like the 2011 earthquake, produce higher amplitude ocean acoustic waves than those that do not.

An international team of researchers analyzed the available data taken from all previous studies of the Southern Ocean, together with satellite images taken of the area, to quantify the amount of iron supplied to the surface waters of the Southern Ocean.

The first image, based on data from January 1997 when El Nio was still strengthening shows a sea level rise along the Equator in the eastern Pacific Ocean of up to 34 centimeters with the red colors indicating an associated change in sea surface temperature of up to 5.4 degrees C.

Even where methane increases are observed at the ocean surface, scientists need better data to determine whether emissions come from hydrates or other seafloor sources.

In this study, researchers of the Royal Observatory of Belgium show gravity data from recent Cassini flybys can be explained if Dione's crust floats on an ocean located 100 kilometers below the surface.

We rejected any years in which there were missing months from the HadSST3 data analysis and we also calculated the global averages only for years in which at least half of the ocean surface consisted of valid data.

The reason could be linked to rising sea surface temperatures — fueled in part by global warming — as seen in ocean buoy data collected along the U.S. coast.

We analysed these sequences, along with previously published marine prokaryotic genomes, in the context of marine metagenomic data, to gain insights into the ecology of the surface ocean prokaryotic picoplankton (0.1 - 3.0 μm size range).

What's sitting in the the Larsen C iceberg's wake is a treasure trove of scientific data waiting to be collected from the ocean surface to the sea floor.

Through comparison of the sea - surface temperature data extending back to the 1860s, it has been determined that the Earth's ocean temperature appears to pass through a 10 - year cycle as well as the 3 - year to 4 - year cycle.

Pluto may be home to a vast alien ocean hiding beneath its frozen surface, according to new data recorded by the New Horizons spacecraft.

These are the Simple Ocean Assimilation Data (SODA) scaled with the surface air temperature trends from the National Center for Enviromental Prediction (NCEP) / National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR).

While ECCO2 provides data on the ocean flows at all depths, only surface flows have been visualized.

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«Over the past decade, we've partnered with NOAA scientists on projects ranging from ocean acidification, to measuring Arctic waves to collecting storm intensity data from the surface of the hurricane,» said Gary Gysin, President and CEO of Liquid Robotics.

«Global mean time series of surface - and satellite - observed low - level and total cloud cover exhibit very large discrepancies, however, implying that artifacts exist in one or both data sets... The surface - observed low - level cloud cover time series averaged over the global ocean appears suspicious because it reports a very large 5 % - sky - cover increase between 1952 and 1997.

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However, comparison of the global, annual mean time series of near - surface temperature (approximately 0 to 5 m depth) from this analysis and the corresponding SST series based on a subset of the International Comprehensive Ocean - Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2005.

Earth Science Airborne Tropical Tropopause Experiment AirMOSS Aqua Aura Aquarius CALIPSO CARVE Center for Earth and Climate Science Education CloudSat DISCOVER - AQ Earth to Sky - Building Climate Literacy for Informal Educators: Expanding the Earth to Sky Partnership (EPOESS NNH09CF00C) Girl Scouts Earth Science Patch Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) The GLOBE Program GLOBE at Langley GRACE ICESat - 2 Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) MY NASA DATA NASA Climate Day / Earth Ambassadors NASA Know Your Earth Campaign NOVA Labs Ocean Surface Topography Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO)-2 SAGE III on ISS S'COOL: Student Cloud Observations On - Line SMAP Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) Teaching Inquiry using NASA Earth System Science (TINES) Terra

The data suggests there is a chemical exchange between the ocean and surface, making the ocean a richer chemical environment, and implies that learning more about the ocean could be as simple as analyzing the moon's surface.

KAMUELA, Hawaii — With data collected from the mighty W. M. Keck Observatory, California Institute of Technology (Caltech) astronomer Mike Brown — known as the Pluto killer for discovering a Kuiper - belt object that led to the demotion of Pluto from planetary status — and Kevin Hand from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) have found the strongest evidence yet that salty water from the vast liquid ocean beneath Europa's frozen exterior actually makes its way to the surface.

A well - known issue with LGM proxies is that the most abundant type of proxy data, using the species composition of tiny marine organisms called foraminifera, probably underestimates sea surface cooling over vast stretches of the tropical oceans; other methods like alkenone and Mg / Ca ratios give colder temperatures (but aren't all coherent either).

Empirical data for the CO2 «airborne fraction», the ratio of observed atmospheric CO2 increase divided by fossil fuel CO2 emissions, show that almost half of the emissions is being taken up by surface (terrestrial and ocean) carbon reservoirs [187], despite a substantial but poorly measured contribution of anthropogenic land use (deforestation and agriculture) to airborne CO2 [179], [216].

As of late 2011, only ∼ 20,000 data points were available in public databases for the entire Arctic Ocean (surface and water column; data from refs.

Second, that hypothesis is not supported by NOAA's satellite - era sea surface temperature data or by NOAA's ocean heat content data since 1955.»

Using funding from the European Space Agency, the researchers, from Europe, the U.S. and India, concluded that using satellite data in this way may be «the most efficient way to monitor the ocean surface» — yet the «potential capabilities of space - based measurements» in ocean acidification research «remain largely untapped.»

The Web GIS tutorial video and the teacher guide also models data exploration and analysis techniques for using the elevation - profile tool to discover that ocean bathymetry is related to both surface heat flow and the age of the ocean floor.

NOAA Coastwatch Coastwatch is a NOAA resource that provides a variety of remotely sensed data from several different satellite platforms covering U.S. coastal waters, including sea surface temperature, ocean color, and winds.

More than 95 % of the 5 yr running mean of the surface temperature change since 1850 can be replicated by an integration of the sunspot data (as a proxy for ocean heat content), departing from the average value over the period of the sunspot record (~ 40SSN), plus the superimposition of a ~ 60 yr sinusoid representing the observed oceanic oscillations.