Sentences with phrase «surface ozone levels»

Research led by the Universities of Leicester and Edinburgh and 12 other research institutions show where surface ozone levels are important for human health.

A 2006 study in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics found that an increase in shipping could cause surface ozone levels to double or triple in the summer time, compared with the early 2000s.

Consistency for surface ozone levels was more difficult to achieve due to the influence of emissions from up - wind regions.

In summer, southerly transport associated with clean maritime air masses and cloudy weather leads to relatively low surface ozone levels, often resulting in the annual minimum (Wang et al., 2009; Lam et al., 2001).

Not exact matches

Such model included meteorological factors like levels of aerosols, anthropogenic and biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ozone, carbon dioxide, methane, and other items that influence global temperature — the surface albedo among them.

In the high atmosphere, ozone plays a crucial role in shielding the surface from harmful levels of ultraviolet light.

Methane, which is increasing in the atmosphere, contributes to increased ozone globally and will enhance baseline levels of surface ozone across the United States.

Scientists at NASA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, as well as other international agencies constantly monitor the stratospheric ozone layer and the levels of ozone - depleting chemicals at Earth's surface.

Does surface level ozone eventually rise up into the stratosphere, and if so, does that affect Earth's ozone balance?

Pollutant gas and aerosol emissions levels in the reference scenario were checked for consistency by estimating regional surface particulate and ozone levels using the MOZART atmospheric chemistry model.

Hotter summers and more frequent fires will lead to more cases of heat stroke and deaths, and to higher levels of near - surface ozone and smoke, which would cause more «code red» air quality days.

Does surface level ozone eventually rise up into the stratosphere, and if so, does that affect Earth's ozone balance?

If this happens during northern winter, surface pressure falls in the Arctic (rising AO) the night jet stalls, NOx injection falls away, stratospheric ozone levels increase, the coupled circulation is invigorated and pressure falls at 50 - 60 ° north and this is associated with cloud loss (when global cloud cover is at its maximum value) and a strong rise in global sea surface temperature.

52 • Immune system suppression Natural Capital Degradation Effects of Ozone Depletion Human Health • Worse sunburn • More eye cataracts • More skin cancers • Immune system suppression Food and Forests • Reduced yields for some crops • Reduced seafood supplies from reduced phytoplankton • Decreased forest productivity for UV - sensitive tree species Wildlife • Increased eye cataracts in some species • Decreased population of aquatic species sensitive to UV radiation • Reduced population of surface phytoplankton • Disrupted aquatic food webs from reduced phytoplankton Figure 20.21 Natural capital degradation: expected effects of decreased levels of ozone in the stratospOzone Depletion Human Health • Worse sunburn • More eye cataracts • More skin cancers • Immune system suppression Food and Forests • Reduced yields for some crops • Reduced seafood supplies from reduced phytoplankton • Decreased forest productivity for UV - sensitive tree species Wildlife • Increased eye cataracts in some species • Decreased population of aquatic species sensitive to UV radiation • Reduced population of surface phytoplankton • Disrupted aquatic food webs from reduced phytoplankton Figure 20.21 Natural capital degradation: expected effects of decreased levels of ozone in the stratospozone in the stratosphere.

Since the 1980s the most severe ozone layer depletion has been regularly observed over Antarctica during spring, when ozone levels drop by over 95 % and UV radiation reaching Earth's surface increases substantially.

This created a qualitative transformation in Homo sapiens» impact on earth system trends: levels of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, stratospheric ozone, surface ocean temperature, ocean acidification, marine fish capture, coastal nitrogen, tropical forest depletion, land domestication and terrestrial biosphere degradation.

As the Antarctic sea ice reached record levels, scientists floated several hypotheses, including possible changes in the ozone hole over Antarctica, or increased amounts of fresh water — which freezes more easily — on the surface of the ocean around Antarctica.

There are for example biogenic factors reacting to changes in temperature that can not be ignored, affecting surface albedo, ozone levels and cloud formation.

But the EPA finding was overturned in Federal court, the ozone hole won't be disappearing anytime in the near future, and even with the unrefuted rise in CO2 levels, skeptic climate scientists point out in vast detail how surface temperatures haven't significantly warmed for around two decades.

60 • Immune system suppression Natural Capital Degradation Effects of Ozone Depletion Human Health • Worse sunburn • More eye cataracts • More skin cancers • Immune system suppression Food and Forests • Reduced yields for some crops • Reduced seafood supplies from reduced phytoplankton • Decreased forest productivity for UV - sensitive tree species Wildlife • Increased eye cataracts in some species • Decreased population of aquatic species sensitive to UV radiation • Reduced population of surface phytoplankton Figure 20.21 Natural capital degradation: expected effects of decreased levels of ozone in the stratospOzone Depletion Human Health • Worse sunburn • More eye cataracts • More skin cancers • Immune system suppression Food and Forests • Reduced yields for some crops • Reduced seafood supplies from reduced phytoplankton • Decreased forest productivity for UV - sensitive tree species Wildlife • Increased eye cataracts in some species • Decreased population of aquatic species sensitive to UV radiation • Reduced population of surface phytoplankton Figure 20.21 Natural capital degradation: expected effects of decreased levels of ozone in the stratospozone in the stratosphere.

The process can reverse at night, meaning ozone levels near the surface often vary greatly during a single day.

To its direct toxic effects, it could have also increased surface UV levels by destroying ozone (methane can also do this.)

Although the amount of UV radiation reaching the snow surface at Summit is notably influenced by stratospheric ozone levels, the UV measurement time series available in the Arctic is not yet long enough to allow trends to be detected.

A good example is the consensus of chemistry models that projected a slow decline in stratospheric ozone levels in the 1980s, but did not predict the emergence of the Antarctic ozone hole because they all lacked the equations that describe the chemistry that occurs on the surface of ice crystals in cold polar vortex conditions — an «unknown unknown» of the time.

methane concentrations have been increasing in the atmosphere... but NASA do not include it among their 5 indicators of Global Warming (Sea Level, Arctic Sea Ice, Atmospheric CO2 Concentration, Global Surface Temperature, Ozone Hole).