Sentences with phrase «surface temperatures»

Ice shells of icy satellites can have warm interiors — approximately 0 degrees C — but surface temperatures as low as -200 degrees C -LRB--330 F), like on Saturn's moon Enceladus, though the team's apparatus does not reach that extremely low temperature.

Warmer air can carry more moisture, which can lead to more extreme rainfall events, and warmer ocean surface temperatures are known to intensify the most powerful hurricanes.

But Haris Majeed, a Master's student in Medical Imaging at U of T's Faculty of Medicine, wondered if long - term climate variability in sea surface temperatures played a role.

A new NASA visualization shows the 2015 El Niño unfolding in the Pacific Ocean, as sea surface temperatures create different patterns than seen in the 1997 - 1998 El Niño.

In the oscillation's positive phase, sea surface temperatures in the Arabian Sea rise whereas temperatures around Sumatra, Indonesia, fall.

But sea surface temperatures in tropical areas are now warmer during today's La Niña years (when the water is typically cooler) than during El Niño events 40 years ago, says study coauthor Terry Hughes, a coral researcher at James Cook University in Townsville, Australia.

Using infrared in near darkness through very little atmosphere, the team received data enabling it for the first time to estimate the surface temperatures over the planet's night side.

The El Niño - Southern Oscillation, or ENSO, is a naturally occurring climate cycle in which sea - surface temperatures in the equatorial Pacific Ocean fluctuate.

The visualization shows how the 1997 event started from colder - than - average sea surface temperatures — but the 2015 event started with warmer - than - average temperatures not only in the Pacific but also in in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.

Other scientists at Goddard are investigating ways to forecast the ebbs and flows of nutrients using the center's supercomputers, incorporating data like winds, sea surface temperatures, air pressures and more.

They improved the models» handling of the relevant processes, such as cloud formation in response to sea surface temperatures, and let them run.

El Niño thus leaves its mark on the Quelccaya ice cap as a chemical signature (especially in oxygen isotopes) indicating sea surface temperatures in the equatorial Pacific Ocean over much of the past 1,800 years.

Experiments carried out in the OU Mars Simulation Chamber — specialised equipment, which is able to simulate the atmospheric conditions on Mars — reveal that Mars» thin atmosphere (about 7 mbar — compared to 1,000 mbar on Earth) combined with periods of relatively warm surface temperatures causes water flowing on the surface to violently boil.

The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation is related to sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic Ocean and, like El Niño, it affects weather far away.

February computer model runs forecast a return to normal sea surface temperatures by June.

But the ice core - derived climate records from the Andes are also impacted from the west — specifically by El Niño, a temporary change in climate, which is driven by sea surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific.

«We have been able to derive a proxy for sea surface temperatures that reaches back long before humans were able to make such measurements, and long before humans began to affect Earth's climate,» Thompson said.

«The surface temperatures on Mars may reach a high of about 20 °C elcius at the equator and as low as -153 ° Celsius at the pole.

The latest Feb 5, 2016 forecast does not yet predict below normal sea surface temperatures that would result in a large La Niña.

«Sea surface temperatures are getting warmer over the North Atlantic, and are known to fluctuate every 60 to 80 years,» says Majeed.

To supplement the still uncertain El Nino forecasts, Britain's Meteorological Office provides the Brazilian government with confidential forecasts for the main rainy season two months ahead, based on analysis of sea surface temperatures.

In the latter half of the decade, La Niña conditions persisted in the eastern and central tropical Pacific, keeping global surface temperatures about 0.1 degree C colder than average — a small effect compared with long - term global warming but a substantial one over a decade.

Do offshore wind farms affect sea surface temperatures and evaporation rates?

The researchers propose that, unlike in Antarctica where surface temperatures remain below freezing all year round, the newly discovered lakes are most likely fed by melting surface water draining through cracks in the ice.

Waves originate when air and water surface temperatures are not the same.

In 2010, sea surface temperatures — the primary fuel of hurricanes — are already higher than in 2005.

During this era, Arctic surface temperatures were 15 - 20 degrees Celsius warmer than today's surface temperatures.

The authors also found that surface temperatures in the Arctic are more sensitive to the amount of sea ice than to the amount of land - based ice.

Long - term data from a wind farm at San Gorgonio, California, confirmed his earlier model predictions: surface temperatures behind the wind turbines were higher than in front during the night, but as much as 4 °C lower by day.

Instead, the researcher and his colleagues use historic measurements of air pressure and ocean temperatures, put into a model, to calibrate surface temperatures over the 20th century.

They pointed to a warmer atmosphere, which carries more water vapor to worsen rainstorms, as well as to higher ocean surface temperatures, which intensify hurricanes.

The reduction in surface temperatures can lead to reduced evaporation over waterbodies, and hence lessen rainfall.

But a reduction in the number and intensity of large hurricanes driving ocean waters on shore — such as this month's Hurricane Joaquin, seen, which reached category 4 strength — may also play a role by cooling sea - surface temperatures that fuel the growth of these monster storms, the team notes.

What's more, there are several long - term records of global annual average surface temperatures.

Sea surface temperatures in the Central Pacific and North Atlantic were cooler than normal, which lead to increased rainfall across the southern Amazon in the months preceding the fire season.

At the same time, the El Niño event brought warmer sea - surface temperatures, which have been shown to correlate with outbreaks of mosquito - transmitted diseases.

Analyzing data collected over a 20 - month period, scientists from NASA's Goddard Space Flight center in Greenbelt, Md., and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found that the number of cirrus clouds above the Pacific Ocean declines with warmer sea surface temperatures.

Titan is therefore one cold place: Surface temperatures average 92 degrees Kelvin, or about — 300 degrees Fahrenheit.

«The area of below normal sea surface temperatures continues to expand in the central equatorial Pacific, marking the demise of the 1997/1998 El Ni ¿ o episode and the further evolution of La Ni ¿ a (Cold episode) conditions.

Tamsin Edwards, a climatologist at the Open University in the UK, says it is too early to tell, since changes in the PDO can only be detected through statistical analysis of large amounts of data on ocean surface temperatures.

«With warmer sea surface temperatures beneath the cloud, the coalescence process that produces precipitation becomes more efficient,» team member Richard S. Lindsen of M.I.T. explains.

Estimated increase in methane emissions if boreal lake surface temperatures rise 1 degree Celsius

Obtaining accurate sea surface temperatures is important for a range of applications — from weather prediction to climate modeling to understanding marine ecosystem fluctuations.

This map shows the sea surface temperatures around the Galapagos Islands and Cocos Island in the Pacific Ocean on March 18, 2007.

The future of the currents, whether slowing, stopping or reversing (as was observed during several months measurements), could have a profound effect on regional weather patterns — from colder winters in Europe to a much warmer Caribbean (and hence warmer sea surface temperatures to feed hurricanes).

A striking characteristic of the most recent 21st Century negative phase of the IPO is that on this occasion global average surface temperatures continued to rise, just at a slower rate.

Independent measurements of sea surface temperatures in the last two decades support a recent government analysis that found an increase in sea surface warming, according to a new study in the 4 January issue of the journal Science Advances.

Pakistan's Ministry of Environment suspects climate change is to blame, through record high surface temperatures on land.

Overprinted on that is a longer term oscillation of sea surface temperatures in the Pacific, a cycle that lasts perhaps 50 to 70 years.

«When we analyzed IPCC climate model experiments driven with the time - evolution of observed sea surface temperatures, we found much larger rates of tropical widening, in better agreement to the observed rate — particularly in the Northern Hemisphere,» Allen said.