According to researchers, your tongue has two
sweet receptors in it, which evolved during the early times, when our ancestors ate a typically low - sugar diet.
Like stevia, aspartame stimulates
sweet receptors on the taste buds without containing any sugar.
Cohen said that the current study is the first to elucidate a functional role
for sweet receptors in the human airway.
Thus,
unlike sweet receptors, which seem to be non-functional in many exclusively meat - eating Carnivora species, there does not appear to be a strong relationship between the number of bitter receptors and the extent to which a Carnivora species consumed plants in its diet.
The researchers also tested whether cyclamate and saccharin together could be stronger activators
of sweet receptors than either chemical alone.
This suggests the ability to taste artificial sweeteners evolved randomly through chance mutations in
the sweet receptor.
That means that the approach that worked so well for finding
the sweet receptor — identifying a likely gene for the receptor, destroying it in mouse embryos, and proving that the resulting mice are unable to taste sweetness — will not work in the search for the salt receptor.
There is only one
sweet receptor, they concluded.
The sweet receptor is actually made up of two coupled proteins generated by two separate genes: known as Tas1r2 and Tas1r3.
Yet many artificial sweeteners don't activate just
sweet receptors.
When
the sweet receptors in our brain are over-stimulated by sugar - rich diets, the sugar easily overrides our mechanisms for self - control.
You keep doing that again and again and eventually, your body learns that all this stimulation of
your sweet receptors isn't actually due to sugar at all.
All sugars provide their delightful sweet taste by binding to and stimulating
the sweet receptors in your tongue.
Hence, the stimulation of
our sweet receptors triggers chain reactions in our body that are specifically tailored for sugar.
Instead, stevia is rich in glycosides, a rare family of plant compounds that can also bind to
your sweet receptors.
Then there's new - fangled sweeteners with side effects: for example, erythritol stimulates
your sweet receptors while having zero calories, but is this really safe for humans?
When
the sweet receptors on our tongues get stimulated, this means one message to our bodies: sugar is incoming.
Stevia contains glycosides like rebaudiosides and steviosides, some rare plant compounds which bind to
your sweet receptors just like sugar.