Sentences with phrase «switchgrass in»

A study conducted this past year by David Tilman, an ecology professor at the University of Minnesota, had demonstrated the potential for polycultures of multiple grass, prairie and wildflower species to serve as an alternative to switchgrass in producing ethanol.

As you may recall, President G.W. Bush touted ethanol made from plant cellulose such as switchgrass in his 2006 state of the union address.

It seems Ma Nature has got a beef with biofuels and has tossed a wrench into the biofuel industry in the form a virus that impacts the feedstocks — switchgrass in particular.

Thus, our cows» diets range from fresh pasture grasses such as indiangrass or switchgrass in early summer, to orchardgrass, ryegrass, or clover in mid-summer.

A Simple System for Promoting Flowering of Upland Switchgrass in the Greenhouse, Joseph Castro, Arvid Boe, D.K. Lee.

It also outperformed corn residue and switchgrass in its ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Not exact matches

After a much - quoted warning that «America is addicted to oil» in this year's State of the Union address, President Bush called for «cutting - edge methods of producing ethanol, not just from corn but from wood chips and stalks or switchgrass.

A bioenergy field trial in Wisconsin is evaluating how switchgrass, Miscanthus, corn stover, poplar trees, and native prairie grasses stack up against each other.

Switchgrass and prairie cordgrass, both native perennial grasses grown for biomass, come out of dormancy when the soil warms up for a week or more, usually in April.

Also, the presence of switchgrass appeared to facilitate the microorganism's survival in the soil.

Recently, research has revealed bioenergy grasses such as Miscanthus and switchgrasses such as Alamo and Cave - in - Rock causes less nitrogen to be lost due to rain and irrigation than corn.

«What we saw with switchgrass is that you're actually storing carbon in the soil,» he said.

The work was performed in Setaria viridis, an emerging model system for grasses that is closely related to economically important cereal crops and bioenergy feed stocks such as maize, sorghum, switchgrass and sugarcane.

So if we want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and lower the carbon intensity of our fuel, energy grasses such as miscanthus and switchgrass are going to result in the biggest reductions, not corn stover.»

A recent study from the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center and published in Environmental Research Letters looks at how efficiently «second generation» biofuel crops — perennial, non-food crops such as switchgrass or native grasses — use rainwater and how these crops affect overall water balance.

But fields of switchgrass and mixed prairie — planted mixtures of perennial grasses and flowering plants — enhanced biodiversity and improved ecosystem services, Landis and colleagues report January 13 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

«Cost competitive, energy responsible cellulosic ethanol made from switchgrass or from forestry waste like sawdust and wood chips requires a more complex refining process but it's worth the investment,» Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman said at the Range Fuels facility groundbreaking in November.

Farmers in Nebraska and the Dakotas brought the U.S. closer to becoming a biofuel economy, planting huge tracts of land for the first time with switchgrass — a native North American perennial grass (Panicum virgatum) that often grows on the borders of cropland naturally — and proving that it can deliver more than five times more energy than it takes to grow it.

Though researchers knew that switchgrass and other perennial grasses have certain advantages over maize, the study is the first to look at multiple ecosystem services and animal populations at the same time, says Silvia Secchi, an agribusiness economist at Southern Illinois University in Carbondale.

«Switchgrass needs most of its moisture in spring and midsummer.

Though the study is complete for the Upper Midwest, many farmers may still be hesistant to switch to switchgrass because they are accustomed to growing maize for food and for fuel, says economist Gregory Parkhurst of Weber State University in Ogden, Utah.

The crystal structure of the enzyme PvHCT from switchgrass (Panicum vulgare) in complex with coenzyme A (CoA) and p - coumaroyl shikimate (5FAL) gives insight into its catalyzing action during the early steps of lignin biosynthesis.

Planting perennial crops such as switchgrass near creeks increased greenhouse gas mitigation, water quality, beneficial insects and energy production, though it decreased total net income of farms in the study area by roughly $ 30 million.

Complete Genome Sequence of Switchgrass Mosaic Virus, a Member of the Proposed New Species in the Genus Marafivirus, Bright Agindotan, Michael E. Gray, Rosemarie Hammond, Carl A. Bradley, Archives of Virology, 157 (9), pp. 1825 - 1830, doi: 10.1007 / s00705 -012-1354-3, September 2012.

In research that began more than a decade ago, Biswal found GAUT4 expressed in poplar and then targeted the gene in both poplar and switchgrasIn research that began more than a decade ago, Biswal found GAUT4 expressed in poplar and then targeted the gene in both poplar and switchgrasin poplar and then targeted the gene in both poplar and switchgrasin both poplar and switchgrass.

«In biomass like wood, corn stover and switchgrass, cellulose is the most abundant polymer that researchers are trying to convert to biofuels and plastics,» said chemist Z. Conrad Zhang, who led the work while at PNNL's Institute for Integrated Catalysis.

A research team led by the University of Georgia has discovered that manipulation of the same gene in poplar trees and switchgrass produced plants that grow better and are more efficiently converted to biofuels.

In bioenergy crops, like hardwood or switchgrass, you just want mass.

Mohnen and a team of researchers at six institutions found that reducing the expression of GAUT4 in poplar and switchgrass led to a 70 percent reduction in pectin content and produced a 15 percent increase in sugar release.

Fortunately, corn isn't the only source of ethanol — in particular, there are perennial grasses like switchgrass and miscanthus.

The OurPets Company, based in Fairport Harbor, Ohio, launched Switchgrass Natural Cat Litter with Biochar.

Dr. Steve Tsengas, CEO of OurPets, explains that switchgrass is a hearty grass that grows on the plains in North America.

«Together, switchgrass and biochar combine to make a strong clumping cat litter that is safe, highly moisture and odor absorbent, biodegradable, lightweight and made in the USA from sustainable ingredients,» she said.

«Our new product in the litter category is the OurPet's Switchgrass Natural Cat Litter with BioChar,» said Rachelle Rabasi, director of marketing for the Fairport Harbor, Ohio - based company.

When land and other resources that would have been used for a crop (e.g., corn) are diverted to another crop (e.g., switchgrass), the price of the displaced crop will tend to increase because of the decreased supply, which will in turn tend to increase the price of any substitutes for the displaced crop, such as rice for corn.

In a recent reality check, scientists estimated what it would take to sequester 1 billion tonnes of carbon using BECCS based on switchgrass feedstock.

«Even if we were able to use productive plants such as poplar trees or switchgrass, and store 50 % of the carbon contained in their biomass, in the business - as - usual scenario of continued, unconstrained fossil fuel use, the sheer size of the plantations for staying at or below 2 °C of warming would cause devastating environmental consequences,» Boysen says.

An experiment by Argonne National Laboratory in Central Illinois explores the potential of formerly overlooked plants such as willow and switchgrass for bioenergy feedstock, offering farmers a possibly lucrative use for difficult land and preventing nitrogen pollution to boot.

The 88 percent figure is what the Wang study concluded would be accomplished by ethanol made from switchgrass, which holds greater promise of greenhouse gas reduction than corn - based ethanol, but isn't yet being produced in large quantities.

Because land - use decisions are local, Geyer explains, he and his colleagues examined five prominent «sun - to - wheels» energy conversion pathways — ethanol from corn or switchgrass for internal combustion vehicles, electricity from corn or switchgrass for BEVs, and PV electricity for BEVs — for every county in the contiguous United States.

In one example using switchgrass and a small SUV, the researchers calculated that the SUV would go 8,000 miles per acre on ethanol, but a comparable electric SUV would go 15,000 miles per acre on electricity generated by that acre of switchgrass.

The National Commission on Energy Policy reported in December that, if fleet mileage in the U.S. rises to 40 mpg — somewhat below the current European Union fleet average for new vehicles of 42 mpg and well below the current Japanese average of 47 mpg - then as switchgrass yields improve modestly to around 10 tons / acre it would take only 30 million acres of land to produce sufficient cellulosic ethanol to fuel half the U.S. passenger fleet.

Because so little energy is required to cultivate crops such as switchgrass for cellulosic ethanol production, and because electricity can be co-produced using the residues of such cellulosic fuel production, reductions in greenhouse gas emissions for celluslosic ethanol when compared to gasoline are greater than 100 per cent.

By way of calibration, this would essentially eliminate the need for oil imports for passenger vehicle fuel and would require only the amount of land now in the soil bank (the Conservation Reserve Program («CRP») on which such soil - restoring crops as switchgrass are already being grown.

In this section, we estimate resource requirements and ancillary damages associated with 1 Pg C y − 1 atmospheric carbon removal using either eucalyptus afforestation or switchgrass BECS.

For example, unlike corn — the most common ethanol source in the U.S. — switchgrass shouldn't threaten food availability.

The new study, published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, highlights some of the ways that switchgrass ethanol may help defuse these concerns.

59 down from rig for deep ocean disposal Abandoned oil field Crop field Spent oil reservoir is used for Crop field Tanker delivers CO2 from plant to rig Coal power plant Oil rig Tree plantation CO2 is pumped down from rig for deep ocean disposal Abandoned oil field Crop field Switchgrass CO2 deposit CO2 is pumped down to reservoir through abandoned oil field Figure 20.15 Solutions: methods for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere or from smokestacks and storing (sequestering) it in plants, soil, deep underground reservoirs, and the deep ocean.

The process entails growing trees and plants such as switchgrass that suck up carbon dioxide as they grow, burning them for energy in power plants, and then capturing and storing the CO2 released during the burning.

By deriving it from inedible plant matter such as switchgrass, wood chips, and wheat straw, the hope is that cellulosic ethanol could supplement our transportation fuels in a way that is more efficient and has fewer harmful impacts on the environment and food prices than corn - based ethanol.