Results indicate PTSD as well as depressive
symptom severity scores declined in the NET group, whereas symptoms persisted in the WLC group.
The researchers found that HAP participants maintained the benefits they showed at the end of treatment through the 12 - month period, with significantly lower
symptom severity scores (adjusted mean difference in BDI - II:?
After just one month, the psoriasis patients with psoriatic arthritis had a 45 percent lower
symptom severity score compared to the placebo group, and the plaque psoriasis patient group receiving the antioxidants and conventional medicines had experienced a 37 percent lower
symptom severity score when compared to the placebo group.
A PANSS
symptom severity score of > 3 on an item indicated a negative symptom being present (scale 1 — 7, where 1 = symptom absent and 7 = symptom extremely severe).
Not exact matches
In addition, the scientists assessed the
severity of participants» OCD
symptoms before and after the treatment, using a scaled system in which a lower
score indicates less severe or less frequent
symptoms.
All athletes received face - to - face baseline examination
scores, including a
symptom severity checklist, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, King - Devick test, and modified Balance Error
Scoring System.
No significant age - related difference was found in the
severity of
symptoms cited before concussion (mean
symptom score 6.77 in the younger group and 5.43 in the older group, p = 0.333).
Similarly, no significant age - related difference was found in the
severity of
symptoms cited after concussion (mean
symptom score 19.40 in the younger group and 17.72 in the older group, p = 0.531).
The researchers found a continuum of trauma - related
symptom severity across the groups, with highest
scores in patients with DID, followed by patients with PTSD, and the lowest
scores for healthy controls.
The two groups began the study with similar
scores on a measure of autism
symptom severity.
An overall «distress»
score is also calculated for each
symptom on a scale from 0 — 16, by multiplying the frequency by
severity scores [2, 27, 28].
For symptomatic patients, a
symptom severity index was also calculated which equalled the cumulative
symptom score divided by the number of
symptoms present.
To address this challenge, Johns Hopkins University computer scientists, working with an interdisciplinary team of experts from two other institutions, have developed a new approach that uses sensors on a smartphone to generate a
score that reliably reflects
symptom severity in patients with Parkinson's disease.
When patients came back the week after a morning session, they
scored lower on measures of threat misappraisal, avoidance behavior, and panic
symptom severity.
Our sample can be characterized as high risk (baseline ECBI T
score > 55) 42 or at the borderline of clinical (T
score > 60), 34 which is typical of previous randomized clinical trials of parent training for young children.41 The results across methods in this study are impressive given that effect sizes have been shown to be associated with the magnitude of
symptom severity at baseline, 43 and thus it is typically more difficult to find large effects in prevention than in intervention trials.
The Longitudinal Interval Follow - up Evaluation rates
severity of psychopathologic
symptoms over time using 6 - point Psychiatric Status Rating (PSR) scales for each disorder based on DSM - III - R criteria; these are
scored on a week - by - week basis during the interview period (6 or 12 months).
At both baseline and follow - up there was a high rate of depressive
symptoms with one third of the group
scoring 14 or more on the Beck Depression Inventory (a questionnaire designed to measure
severity of depressive
symptoms).
Included studies used several tools for measuring the
severity of depressive
symptoms, namely the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM - D), 21 22 30 34 35 Patient Health Questionnaire - 9 (PHQ - 9), 24 36 Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), 23 26 28 Hopkins
Symptom Checklist - 20 (HSCL - 20), 37 38 Montgomery - Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), 18 25 27 Beck Depression Inventory - Fast Screen (BDI - FS) 39 and Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES - D).40 These tools have different
score ranges (HAM - D = 0 — 53, PHQ - 9 = 0 — 27, GDS = 0 — 15, HSCL - 20 = 0 — 4, MADRS = 0 — 60, BDI - FS = 0 — 21 and CES - D = 0 — 60), with higher
scores in all tools representing increasing
severity of depressive
symptoms.
Changes in
severity of children's internalizing and externalizing
symptoms over the 3 - month period were also examined using changes in CBCL
scores.
After controlling for the child's age and sex and adjusting for baseline
severity of child and maternal
symptoms, there was a significantly larger decrease in internalizing (adjusted mean
score difference, 8.6; P <.001), externalizing (6.6; P =.004), and total (8.7; P <.001)
symptoms among children of mothers who had a remission from major depressive disorder over the 3 - month period than among children of mothers whose major depressive disorder did not remit (Table 4).
The mother's initial diagnosis was established by clinical interview and confirmed using a
symptom checklist based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM - IV).13 The
severity of depressive
symptoms was estimated using the HRSD.15, 16 Maternal remission was defined as an HRSD
score of 7 or less, and response was defined as a 50 % or greater reduction of the baseline HRSD
score.
Reports were prepared for all interviews; they included descriptions of each mood
symptom and its
severity score.
The
score range for the PCL is 17 to 85, with higher
scores indicating greater PTSD
symptom severity.
Diagnosis of PTSD and
symptom severity were established with the Clinician - Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), 12 a semistructured clinician interview consistent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition, Text Revision)(DSM - IV - TR).13 Posttraumatic stress disorder diagnostic status was based on meeting the DSM - IV - TR
symptom cluster criteria (to be counted as a
symptom, minimum frequency = 1 and intensity = 2) and a total CAPS
severity score of 45 or higher.14 Total CAPS
symptom severity was the primary outcome.
Patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI;
score range, 0 - 63), 19 the trait (
score range, 10 - 40) and anger expression (
score range, 0 - 72) subscales of the State - Trait Anger Expression Inventory, 20 and the state subscale of the State - Trait Anxiety Inventory (
score range, 20 - 80).21 Higher
scores on all measures indicate greater
symptom severity.
Results PTSD
symptom severity (
score range, 0 - 136) was significantly more improved in the couple therapy condition than in the wait - list condition (mean change difference, − 23.21; 95 % CI, − 37.87 to − 8.55).
Anhedonia and depressed mood (clinical or patient assessed), depressive
symptoms severity (BDI
score < 5 vs ≥ 10), major depressive episodes (MDEs).
To be accepted into the trial, patients had to meet the following criteria: 18 to 65 years old; meeting diagnostic criteria for PTSD as determined by the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM - IV), 13 with PTSD being the main problem;
scoring 20 or higher on the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS), 14 indicating moderate to severe
symptom severity; and intervention starting within 6 months after the accident.
Symptom severity was assessed at baseline and annually using the Positive and Negative
Symptom Scale
score.
Item performance was not affected by age, although age correlated significantly with latent SMFQ
scores suggesting that
symptom severity increased within the age period of 7 — 11.
Also of interest was that preschoolers who had recovered from MDD still had higher MDD
severity scores than controls with psychiatric disorders and no disorders, suggesting that a relatively high number of residual depressive
symptoms were still manifest even during periods of recovery.
For inclusion, adolescents had to
score at least 32 on the APAI (
score range 0 — 105, higher
score indicates greater
severity of
symptoms), although 14 adolescents with
scores between 28 and 31 were included to achieve target sample size, and report some difficulties in function on a gender - specific local function measure.
Suicidality was assessed with 3 items (hopelessness, thoughts of death, and thoughts of suicide) from the SCL - 20.27 Physical
symptom severity was assessed with the PHQ - 15, a 15 - item scale
scored from 0 to 30.28 Health - related quality of life was assessed on the Short Form - 12 (SF - 12) subscales measuring physical health and mental health — related functioning.29 Subscales are normed for the general population so that mean and standard deviation are approximately 50 and 10, respectively.30 Pain intensity and interference were assessed with the Adapted Numeric Rating Scale for Pain31; each item is rated on a 0 - to - 10 Likert scale.
Primary outcomes were the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) 25,26 for PTSD
symptoms and the
Symptom Checklist Depression Scale (SCL - 20) for depressive
symptoms.27 The PDS (17 items) assesses
severity of PTSD
symptoms over the prior 4 weeks with high internal consistency and test - retest reliability26;
scores are summed and range from 0 to 51;
scores of 10 or less are mild; 11 to 20, moderate; 21 to 35, moderate to severe; and at least 36, severe.
Response (
score of 1 or 2 (much or very much improved) on the Clinical Global Impressions - Improvement scale);
symptom severity or investigator defined response on closely related measures;
symptom severity (clinician rated DSM based anxiety scales such as the Child Yale - Brown Obsessive - Compulsive Scale); adverse events.
This gives a range of
scores from 0 to 56 with higher
scores representing higher depressive
symptom severity.
Model estimates of
scores on the Brief
Symptom Inventory — General
Severity Index (BSI - GSI) by group from mixed - model analysis.
In multivariate models simultaneously including ODD diagnosis and CU levels, controlling by socioeconomic status, ethnicity, sex,
severity of conduct disorder
symptoms and other comorbidity, high CU
scores were related to higher levels of aggression, withdrawn, externalizing and global symptomatology, functional impairment and higher probability of comorbid disorders and use of services.
After controlling for these variables, the order in which variables significantly correlated with physical disability (RMDQ
scores) were: fear of movement / (re) injury, pain self - efficacy, pain
severity, use of unhelpful management strategies and, finally, depressive
symptoms.
The Pearson's correlation between measures of prenatal and postnatal EPDS
scores was 0.600 (r = 0.600; p < 0.001, df = 201), however the
severity of maternal depressive
symptoms was significantly greater during pregnancy than at early postnatal period (t = 3.587, df = 200, p = 0.000).
The above findings remained unchanged after controlling for the
severity of maternal depressive
symptoms, averaged EPDS
score between pregnancy and the early postnatal period, and infant sleep condition during the EEG recording.
In another study, observations of peer victimization during class time predicted restricted growth within one academic year on students» state - based standardized reading achievement test
scores, after statistical control of their previous reading achievement test
scores, ADHD
symptom severity, and ability grouping (i.e., tracking) in their classroom [30].
Thus, for each parent, we computed one index of
severity of psychofunctional
symptoms by averaging the
scores on items 1, 2, 3, and 5 and one index of externalizing
symptoms by averaging the
scores on items 6 — 10.
Greater
severity of maternal depressive
symptoms independently predicted higher externalizing and internalizing
scores at 24 months of age, after adjusting for maternal ethnicity and prenatal smoke exposure (Table 2).