Sentences with phrase «synaptic connections»

Learning and memory have been closely linked to strengthening of synaptic connections between neurons (i.e., synaptic plasticity) within the dentate gyrus (DG)- CA3 - CA1 trisynaptic circuit of the

The results showed that the learning experience triggered the formation of new synaptic connections in the auditory cortex.

One study concluded that magnesium threonate increases the number of synaptic connections between brain cells and boosts the density of synapses (30).

After all, each brain is unique, and each brain keeps changing in response to new experiences, forming new synaptic connections between neurons and even — contrary to received wisdom a decade ago — growing new neurons.

The human brain contains as many as 100 billion neurons, most of which make hundreds to thousands of synaptic connections with specific target cells.

Scientists have long known that the adult brain is surprisingly plastic — we can strengthen synaptic connections through repetition, for example, to improve our memory.

Because subunit composition can influence the docking between hemichannels [14], it might be possible to pattern synaptic connections through selective expression of innexins, of which 25 exist in C. elegans (reviewed in [1]-RRB-.

«These molecules appear to control the way in which synaptic connections strengthen or weaken and how stable they are,» Shatz says.

Astrocytes make up half of the cells in the human brain and are closely associated with neuronal synapses, and studies in the developing brain have shown that astrocytes are essential for neurons to form synaptic connections with each other.

Unlike long - term memories, which are thought to be preserved in synaptic connections among nets of neurons that are effectively permanent, the neurons involved in short - term memories have to be able to decouple easily.

«Up - regulating MHCI is essential for the maternal immune response, but changing MHCI activity in the fetal brain when synaptic connections are being formed could potentially affect synapse density,» Boulanger said.

This news is highly significant because the focus is increasingly on repairing synaptic connections as a therapeutic strategy in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.

Ultimately, MICrONS aims to map every neuron and synaptic connection within a 1 - cubic - millimeter chunk of tissue from the mouse visual cortex, and use those detailed brain connection maps to design computer architectures able to perform tasks that are easy for a brain but out of reach for artificial intelligence.

Neuroscientist Fenna Krienen of Harvard Medical School in Boston used functional MRI (fMRI) in 1000 people to show that human brains make synaptic connections across vast distances in the cerebral cortex.

Most researchers interpret this activity as the brain slowly reinforcing synaptic connections that already exist, but Tononi noticed that after each wave, the brain goes completely silent, which never happens when we're awake.

Children both grow and prune back synaptic connections at a furious rate as they develop, but the process all but stops in adulthood.

Scientists at VIB, KU Leuven and Janssen Pharmaceutica have demonstrated that the distribution of these aggregates through the brain is facilitated by synaptic connections between brain cells.

In research published in Nature Materials on 26 September [2016], Yang and his team mimicked a crucial underlying component of how synaptic connections get stronger or weaker: the flow of calcium.

Intermittent fasting improves something called neuroplasticity — or the ability of the brain to form and reorganize synaptic connections in response to new information — which researchers are studying for the role it may play in managing chronic pain.

The central neuron is marked in white, and each colored square represents a neuron that has a direct synaptic connection to the central neuron.

One day, editing synaptic connections may even let us add to an organism's capabilities, says Rabinowitch.

Somehow the rules governing synaptic connections between cells enable such «local» activity to modify the «global» neural circuitry that carries out the brain's many functions.

All these fast, slow and intermediate electrical impulses and synaptic connections happen continuously, with their pace peaking in the morning.

Neurons communicate with each other via synaptic connections.

Long - term memories likely form when selective alterations in synaptic connections occur within patterns of neurons called neuronal ensembles.

They grew brain cells in microscopically small chambers that made it possible to separate synaptic connections from the rest of the cells.

Successful synaptic connections are vital in order to function properly.

In fact, it is generally accepted that a loss of synaptic connections leads to a loss in cognitive skills.

Instead, the molecular processes triggered by memory formation and recall could reflect the stabilization of previously altered or recently retrieved synaptic connections.

However, Kalkbrenner says this finding is consistent with theories that show links between autism and altered brain network development, specifically synaptic connections that are developing during the final months of pregnancy.

«What we have achieved is to bridge these two realms with unprecedented detail, linking electrical activity in neurons with the nanoscale synaptic connections they make with one another.»

Animal behaviour arises from computations in neuronal circuits, but our understanding of these computations has been frustrated by the lack of detailed synaptic connection maps, or connectomes.

They are exploring whether these developmental findings can be used to address diseases such as stroke, by promoting the repair of synaptic connections following injury.

Understanding the genetic factors that regulate synaptic plasticity could point to new therapeutic approaches for human diseases that disrupt synaptic connections.

When ASD astrocytes (red) are cultured with ASD neurons (red) neuronal development is impaired; the neuron has a smaller cell body, extends less dendritic processes which are thick and stunted, and receives less synaptic connections.

Additionally, the complement system acts in brain development to refine synaptic connections by removing those that are weak or misdirected.

Research on cognitive decline and age - related behavioral deficits primarily focuses on morphological and electrophysiological changes in the hippocampus and many studies report age - related deficits in learning and memory due reduced hippocampal synaptic connections and neuron density.

A microscope image shows the location in the brain of a mouse where nerve cells from the ear enter the brain and form cup - like synaptic connections with brain cells.

We also found that EphA4 is highly expressed in the adult brain, where it regulates synaptic connections.

When tau proteins get tangled, its ability to support synaptic connections is damaged.

Two researchers — Robert McIntyre, an MIT graduate, and Gregory M. Fahy, PhD., 21st Century Medicine (21CM) Chief Scientific Officer, have developed a method for scanning a preserved brain's connectome (the 150 trillion microscopic synaptic connections presumed to encode all of a person's knowledge).

We are investigating the role that non-neuronal cells play in stabilizing synaptic connections and function in the aging brain, with a focus on a class of glial cells called astrocytes.

In conversation, her mind jumps erratically along synaptic connections that follow the timeworn network of her phobias.

«Heavy Internet usage actually creates new grooves in synaptic connections called neural pathways in a process called «neuroplasticity.»

Building on their previous work that identified and activated memory cells, a group led by RIKEN Brain Science Institute and RIKEN - MIT Center Director Susumu Tonegawa has now shown that spines — small knobs on brain - cell dendrites through which synaptic connections are formed — are essential for memory retrieval in these AD mice.

Neuroscientists have long believed that memories of events are stored when synaptic connections, which allow neurons to communicate with each other, are strengthened.