Sentences with phrase «synthase enzyme»

Studies show that human cancer cells express high levels of the fatty acid synthase enzyme, which is associated with aggressive tumor behavior and tumor - cell growth.

We have the fructose mechanism that will increase or decrease the endothelial synthase enzyme which will decrease the vasodilation, i.e. cause constriction of the blood vessels, and we also have plasminogen activator inhibitor mechanism.

Not exact matches

She discovered that the enzyme made by the phytoene synthase was the «bottleneck» in production.

To produce Golden Rice, 2 enzymes are introduced into the endosperm [phytoene synthase (psy) and phytoene desaturase (crtl)-RSB- via an endosperm - specific glutelin (Gtl) promoter (15), to establish a β - carotene biosynthetic pathway in the rice grains.

The researchers then modeled a new system with the same process: the mitochondrial enzyme ATP synthase, which also exhibits a distinct conformational change that is dictated by the application of force to the enzyme structure, which is propagated via tensegrity.

Changing the concentration of the enzyme's substrate molecule in the model produced an outcome that described how ATP synthase interacts with its microenvironment.

The researchers say that blocking IL - 1 halted a cascade of inflammatory responses that would otherwise lead to the activation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the fetal brain, an enzyme implicated in neurotoxicity.

In earlier work, Paller's lab had discovered that depleting an enzyme called GM3 synthase made cells particularly sensitive to growth factors and led to normal wound healing despite diabetic conditions.

Through a meticulous series of experiments, Tang homed in on one nutrient, a fatty acid called myristic acid, whose abundance, it turns out, worms can «monitor» using an enzyme called acyl - CoA synthase 4 (ACS - 4).

A team of scientists headed by Rosalind Franklin University Professor David M. Mueller, PhD, has solved the structure of mitochondrial ATP synthase, an enzyme that makes ATP, adenosine triphosphate, the major energy source of cells.

Given the importance of ATP synthase in fueling the cell, determining the complete structure of the enzyme has been a scientific holy grail, promising to reveal secrets about the ATP machine that could lead to therapeutic target identification and advance understanding of metabolic disease and other cellular pathologies.

Later, it was learned that the drug actually works by blocking an enzyme (thymidylate synthase) that the cells need for survival.

Neufeld's group recently found that the enzyme nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS - 2), which produces toxic levels of the gas nitric oxide, is active in the eyes of rats that have their eyes» drainage channels blocked, causing an artificial form of glaucoma.

The study, which appears online October 29 in the journal Science Signaling, describes a previously uncharacterized interaction between GRK2 and an enzyme called endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), in which the two enzymes attempt to block one another's activity, with different outcomes on heart function.

Galactinol synthase (GolS) is an enzyme needed to produce one these important sugars called galactinol.

She discovered that the enzyme made by the phytoene synthase was the «bottleneck» in production.

FASN encodes the enzyme fatty acid synthase, which is responsible for making fatty acids — an essential source of energy.

Research has shown that glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β is an enzyme that plays a major role in the development of AKI.

Until now, most studies of rose fragrance have focused on a biosynthetic pathway that generates pleasant - smelling alcohols, known as monoterpenes, using specific enzymes called terpene synthases.

For many years, it was thought that the breadth of ceramide synthases present in cells represented redundant functions for this family of enzymes.

Some Alzheimer's researchers have cited evidence indicating that free - floating amyloid helps produce the corrupted p - tau via a chain of reactions that centers around GSK3 (Glycogen synthase kinase 3), an enzyme that arms tau with phosphorous, turning it into a potential biochemical assassin.

The bacteria make polyketides with the assistance of a family of enzymes called polyketide synthases (PKSs).

Sitting inside the Schwann cells, an enzyme known as fatty acid synthase (FASN) acts as a central «switch» in the process of synthesising lipids.

The key to controlling which route isocitrate will take seems to lie in the enzymes surrounding all these reactions: the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase keeps it for the fat - metabolism and energy production cycle; the enzymes isocitrate lyase and malate synthase divert it away into biosynthetic processes in the bacterium.

After deciphering the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of PHA synthase, in addition to other structural studies on whole enzyme and related proteins, the research team also performed experiments to elucidate the mechanisms of the enzyme reaction, validating detailed structures, enzyme engineering, and also N - terminal domain studies among others.

It is astounding to see PHAs of 500 kDa to sometimes as high as 10,000 kDa can be synthesized in vivo by PHA synthase, the key polymerizing enzyme in PHA biosynthesis.

«The prevailing view in the field is that too much or too little NO is due to activity of enzymes that make NO, called NO synthases.

But polyketide synthases don't work without a co-factor called phosphopantetheine, so the researchers also introduced a gene from the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis that encodes the enzyme that attaches phosphopantetheine to the polyketide synthase.

But when they cross back the other way, an enzyme called ATP synthase steals energy from the flow and stores it in molecules of ATP.

Food chemist Steve Jobling at Unilever Research in Sharnbrook, United Kingdom, and colleagues at the National Starch and Chemical Co. in Bridgewater, New Jersey, blocked starch synthases, enzymes that stitch glucose units into long chains.

Then, a new class of enzymes — SNO synthases — convert NO into SNOs, that attach to proteins and modulate their function.

They first introduced three genes from a soil bacterium called Saccharopolyspora erythraea, which together produce an enzyme called a polyketide synthase, which produces one particular polyketide.

Our cells produce hydrogen sulfide from the amino acid L - cysteine, thanks to help from two enzymes, cystathionine β - synthase (CBS) and cystathionine & # 947 - lyase (CSE).

Related research (Pereira HJ, et al., 2012) used two different lines of evidence to explain the increase in the ratio of anteiso — to iso - branched alkenes that was observed during the transition from early to late stationary phase in M. luteus: structural studies of a key enzyme involved in fatty acid biosynthesis in M. luteus (FabH, or ß - ketoacyl - ACP synthase III) and transcriptional (whole - genome microarray) studies of M. luteus during different growth phases.

Abbreviations: AGL = glycogen debranching enzyme; GSK3A / B = glycogen synthase kinase 3 α / β; GYS2 = glycogen synthase 2; PYGL = glycogen phosphorylase, liver form; PCK1 / 2 = phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1/2; FBP1 / 2 = fructose -1,6-bisphosphatase 1/2; G6PC = glucose -6-phosphatase; G6PD = glucose -6-phosphate 1 - dehydrogenase; GLUT - 2 = glucose transporter 2; INSR = insulin receptor; IRS1 / 2 = insulin receptor substrate 1/2; PIK3CA / B / D = PI3 - kinase subunit α / β / δ; and AKT1 = protein kinase B - α.

A team of scientists headed by Rosalind Franklin University Professor David M. Mueller, PhD, has solved the structure of mitochondrial ATP synthase, an enzyme that makes ATP, adenosine triphosphate, the major energy source...

Two of these SNPs are within a single gene, which codes for the enzyme nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2).

You should read about the enzyme ATP synthase, which has a similar structure to the motor driving a flagellum.

Cyclooxygenase (COX, also referred to prostaglandin G / H synthase) is often the rate - limiting enzyme for the production of prostaglandins and thromboxanes from free arachidonic acid.

For example, in collaboration with James Dunford and Udo Oppermann at the University of Oxford, as well as Michael Arrowood at CDC and Eric Oldfield at U. of Illinois at Urbana Champain, we investigated the functions and structures of the C. parvum and P. vivax homologues of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, and found both parasite enzymes to produce different products from the human enzyme.

At Scripps, Crane studied metalloenzymes and applied structural biology techniques to trying to understand the catalytic mechanisms of two types of redox enzymes, sulfite reductases and nitric oxide synthases.

The most abundant resistance gene was sul2, which encodes for a sulfonamide resistance variant of dihydropteroate synthase — an enzyme essential for folate synthesis [25].

Targeting intracellular human thymidylate synthase in live cells, their pilot screen identified all drugs within the library known to act on this enzyme.

The protein chosen for this study was the enzyme 3 - deoxy - D - manno - octulosonate 8 - phosphate synthase (KDO8PS), which is a potential antibiotic target.

High levels of gene expression were found in both strains for genes involved in growth, energy and respiration (e.g., ribosomal proteins, ATP synthase, pseudoazurin), and the C - 1 metabolic carbon such as methanol dehydrogenase, ribulose monophosphate enzymes (D - arabino -3-hexulose 6 - phosphate formaldehyde - lyase, 6 - phospho -3-hexuloisomerase), formaldehyde activating enzymes (Data S6, Fig.

Since Chitin Synthase II is not a human enzyme, its inhibition does us no harm.

Endothelial synthase is a nitric oxide - based enzyme that's really important for vasodilating, and dilation means opening up those blood vessels.

So what happens is you flush out a lot of fluid when you cut down the carbohydrates and cut down the sugar, and with fructose — fructose, high amounts of fructose inhibits this enzyme called en — endothelial synthase.

Ellagic acid inhibits the fungal and yeast enzyme chitin Synthase II.

This is regulated by the enzyme glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK - 3β).