Sentences with phrase «system cells of the brain»

With insufficient, if not totally absent, Intrinsic Factor vitamin B12 will not be absorbed, distributed, and utilized by the cells especially the nervous system cells of the brain and spinal cord.

Not exact matches

If human brains are like body's cells, there is a natural point of specialization, in which new systems break away and form similar but slightly different branches, as cells in a body become fingers, feet, hands, etc..

We can not stay where we are at present, either physically or psychically; but looking far ahead we may descry an ultimate state in which, organically associated with one another (more closely than the cells of a single brain) we shall form m our entirety a single system, ultra-complex and, in consequence, ultra-centrated....

A clump of cells with no brain, no neural tube, and no nervous system is not a «being», any more than a paramecium is a «being».

What all these have in common is that, without any central control, individual units (genes, cells neurons or workers) respond to simple, local information, in ways that allow the whole system (cells, brains, organisms or colonies) to function: the appropriate number of units performs each activity at the appropriate time.

Made up of essential fatty acids and B vitamins, lecithin supports healthy function of the brain, nervous system and cell membranes.

It may stunt the physical and mental growth of your baby and can cause considerable damage to the developing lungs, brain, liver, nervous system, kidneys and red blood cells in your baby.

About five years ago, a team of Stanford University scientists set out to determine how the developing brain establishes its final set of synapses, connections through which cells of the nervous system communicate with one another and with nonneural cells.

John O'Keefe, May - Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser share the prize for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain.

Specifically, they drew RNA from the hippocampus, which is the part of the brain that helps regulate learning and memory, and from leukocytes, white blood cells that play a key role in the immune system.

However, those antibodies also bind to leiomodin - 1, so the immune system - incorrectly - will attack brain cells that contain that protein, which can result in symptoms of Nodding syndrome.

«Opioids have both analgesic and rewarding effects and they have these effects through mu opioid receptors and these receptors are expressed in pain terminals in the spinal cord and in areas of the brain that regulate pain but are also expressed in areas that regulate reward and a sense of pleasure,» Boyle said, referring to cells found in a person's central nervous system that bind to naturally occurring opioid compounds and reduce pain and make people feel much better.

But scientists are making progress in refining these therapies, and the first ever trial of fetal stem cells injected directly into the brain is currently under way in children with Batten disease, a rare and fatal illness of the nervous system.

If we can boost the immune system and allow microglia to do their job and control brain tumor stem cells, it would be like removing the seed from the soil — stopping the tumor growth before it starts to get out of control.»

The Duke researchers who made this discovery say it may help explain how a relatively small number of genes can create the dazzling array of different cell types found in human brains and the nervous systems in other animals.

The olfactory system comprises six million to 10 million receptor cells (of which there are nearly 400 different types) and links to multiple brain structures and neural pathways, including those involved in memory, emotion and movement.

His obsessive interest, artistic skill, and evolving understanding of the architecture of the nervous system found expression in beautiful portraits of brain cells and diagrams of nerve fibers.

The newly unmasked genes play a role in three distinctively different bodily functions, including systems that control inflammation and cholesterol and the regulation of how brain cells clean up toxic proteins.

Within the category of Physiology and Medicine, the recipients are Science authors John O'Keefe, May - Britt Moser, and Edvard I. Moser for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain.

The virus appears to invade the brain by infecting a type of glial cell called olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), which nourish smell - sensing neurons and guide them from the olfactory bulb to their targets in the nervous system.

Using the JEDI technology, Mount Sinai researchers uncovered evidence that immune cells can find cells in the brain expressing their target antigen, even in non-infected states, which provides evidence of an immune surveillance pathway within the body's central nervous system.

«The challenge of brain simulation is that the nerve cells enter into a temporary relationship with other neurons depending on the task at hand,» says Prof. Dr. Markus Diesmann, director of Juelich's institute Computational and Systems Neuroscience (INM - 6).

Saatchi, which is owned by France's Publicis Groupe, SA, chose LifeStraw over a field of competitors that included a reusable controller to improve the distribution of IV fluids, a collapsible wheel that can be folded down for easier storage when not in use on bicycles or wheelchairs, an energy - efficient laptop designed for children in developing countries, a 3 - D display that uses special optics and software to project a hologramlike image of patient anatomy for cancer treatment, an inkjet printing system for fabricating tissue scaffolds on which cells can be grown, a visual prosthesis for bypassing a diseased or damaged eye and sending signals directly to the brain, books with embedded sound tracks to help educate illiterate adults on health issues, a phone that provides telecommunications coverage to poor rural populations in developing countries, and a brain - computer interface designed to help paralyzed people communicate via neural signals.

«The brain along with the reproductive system and every other cell in your body is exquisitely sensitive to exceedingly small changes in estrogen and other sex hormones, and the fact that the environment is full of chemicals that can activate estrogen receptors means this phenomenally sensitive system is being perturbed constantly by environmental factors.»

Even short - term blockages of this kind can lead to remarkable changes in the auditory system, altering the behavior and structure of nerve cells that relay information from the ear to the brain, according to a new University at Buffalo study.

Treatment with an investigational CAR T - cell therapy induced complete remission of a brain metastasis of the difficult - to - treat tumor diffuse large - B - cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which had become resistant to chemotherapy — the first report of a response to CAR T - cells in a central nervous system lymphoma.

2 - D cell - culture and mouse experiments also provided key evidence of the virus's modus operandi; although the rodent brain doesn't harbor the full contingent of human neural stem cells, it has blood vessels and immune - system components that organoids lack.

To do this without a brain or nervous system, says Ken Showalter, a chemist at West Virginia University, the organism relies on proteins and nutrients that «swish back and forth» through the cell to communicate the location of the food and allow the organism to change shape.

In a study to be published in Psychological Science, researchers from Aarhus University and the University of Copenhagen demonstrate that brain cells in what is called the mirror system help people make sense of the actions they see other people perform in everyday life.

Researchers have identified a group of immune system genes that may play a role in how long people can live after developing a common type of brain cancer called glioblastoma multiforme, a tumor of the glial cells in the brain.

An important part of the study tested the ability of the radiolabeled antibody to reach HIV - infected cells in the brain and central nervous system.

Emotiv solved this brain — computer interface problem with the help of a multidisciplinary team that included neuroscientists, who understood the brain at a systems level (rather than individual cells), and computer engineers with a knack for machine learning and pattern recognition.

Today the brain's serotonin system is already a known target for the treatment of depression, and according to researchers it should be possible to use time signals in pharmaceutical development based on stem cells.

Using a powerful imaging technique that allowed the scientists to track the presence and movement of parasites in living tissues, the researchers found that Toxoplasma infects the brain's endothelial cells, which line blood vessels, reproduces inside of them, and then moves on to invade the central nervous system.

Kenyon cells make up only about 4 % of the entire fly brain and are extremely sensitive to inputs triggered by odors, in which only two connections between neurons, called synapses, separate them from the receptor cells at the «front end» of the olfactory system.

National Institutes of Health researchers studying zebrafish have determined that a population of cells that protect the brain against diseases and harmful substances are not immune cells, as had previously been thought, but instead likely arise from the lining of the circulatory system.

Suspecting that the disease works differently in humans, whose brains are much bigger and more complex than those of lab animals, Brivanlou, along with research associates Albert Ruzo and Gist Croft, developed a cell - based human system for their research.

In the current study, the researchers showed that FGPs are present on the surface of the zebrafish brain and that these blood vessel - associated FGPs do not arise from the immune system, as had been previously thought, but from endothelial cells themselves.

But researchers are now developing tools to sniff out potential flaws among the billions of virtual «brain cells» that make up such systems.

Their findings suggest that even the earliest animals had the makings of both vertebrate and invertebrate visual systems, and that some of the photoreceptor cells in the invertebrate brain were transformed through a series of steps into vertebrate eyes.

In research that builds upon the Nobel Prize - winning science, UC San Diego scientists have developed a micro-surgical procedure that makes it possible to remove the area of the rat's brain that contains grid cells and show what happens to this hard - wired navigational system when these grid cells are wiped out.

The device, part of the Lab's iCHIP (in - vitro Chip - Based Human Investigational Platform) project, simulates the central nervous system by recording neural activity from multiple brain cell types deposited and grown onto microelectrode arrays.

Axons, the long projections of neural cells which form the nerves of our peripheral nervous system, are like electrical cables: they have thick electrical insulation so that they can quickly relay stimuli from the body and signals from the brain to a toe, for example.

Instead, the brain is protected by the blood - brain barrier, a highly selective filtration system which keeps out invaders and the army of patrolling white blood cells.

In healthy people, brain cells link together at a single frequency of electrical activity, like tuning in to a radio station, says Robert McCarley of the VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard University.

The retina sits at the back of the human eye, and contains protein cells that convert light into electrical signals that travel through the nervous system, triggering a response from the brain, ultimately building a picture of the scene being viewed.

Looking for immune abnormalities throughout the lifespan of the mice, the group found that most immune system components stayed the same in number, but a type of brain - resident immune cells called microglia that are known first responders to infection begin to divide and change early in the disease.

Specifically, stem cell scientists at McMaster can now directly convert adult human blood cells to both central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) neurons as well as neurons in the peripheral nervous system (rest of the body) that are responsible for pain, temperature and itch perception.

That vaccine, which included bits of beta - amyloid to arouse immune - system T cells, cleared the clumps, but it also provoked dangerous brain inflammation in several patients.

The nerve cells of the central nervous system (CNS), which is composed of the spinal cord, the brain, and the retina, must be supplied with sufficient oxygen and nutrients through the blood vessel system during development and their subsequent function.