Sentences with phrase «system sensitivity including»

Based on evidence from Earth's history, we suggest here that the relevant form of climate sensitivity in the Anthropocene (e.g. from which to base future greenhouse gas (GHG) stabilization targets) is the Earth system sensitivity including fast feedbacks from changes in water vapour, natural aerosols, clouds and sea ice, slower surface albedo feedbacks from changes in continental ice sheets and vegetation, and climate — GHG feedbacks from changes in natural (land and ocean) carbon sinks.

The Earth System sensitivity includes slow albiedo effects (for example from ice sheet melting) and vegetation changes that are longer term than the Charney sensitivity.

Not exact matches

Pregnancy causes many changes to a woman's metabolism and immune system, including weight gain, reduced insulin sensitivity and inflammation.

The practical brightness takes all application specific parameters into account, including the specs of your microscope (excitation wavelength, available emission filters, and detector sensitivity) and the biological system (temperature, prokaryote versus eukaryote, background fluorescence).

Topics have included sensitivity analysis, calibration, and optimization for cloud and convection systems as well as aerosol processes.

The Hiden Analytical UHV surface analysis system range is further extended by the addition of «MAXIM», a high - performance quadrupole secondary ion monitor specifically designed for optimum sensitivity for surface analysis and depth profiling applications for a wide range of materials including polymers, superconductors, semiconductors, alloys and dielectric, with measurement of trace components to sub-ppm levels.

Other notable work by our STAC members that have contributed to advancement of the direct imaging techniques Project Blue will use in its mission include Dr. Guyon's general work on the PIAA coronagraph, and Dr. Males» concept of Orbital Differential Imaging which specifically takes advantage of a mission focused on a single star system to enable sensitivity to Earth - like planets.

For instance, the sensitivity only including the fast feedbacks (e.g. ignoring land ice and vegetation), or the sensitivity of a particular class of climate model (e.g. the «Charney sensitivity»), or the sensitivity of the whole system except the carbon cycle (the Earth System Sensitivity), or the transient sensitivity tied to a specific date or period of time (i.e. the Transient Climate Response (TCR) to 1 % increasing CO2 aftersensitivity only including the fast feedbacks (e.g. ignoring land ice and vegetation), or the sensitivity of a particular class of climate model (e.g. the «Charney sensitivity»), or the sensitivity of the whole system except the carbon cycle (the Earth System Sensitivity), or the transient sensitivity tied to a specific date or period of time (i.e. the Transient Climate Response (TCR) to 1 % increasing CO2 aftersensitivity of a particular class of climate model (e.g. the «Charney sensitivity»), or the sensitivity of the whole system except the carbon cycle (the Earth System Sensitivity), or the transient sensitivity tied to a specific date or period of time (i.e. the Transient Climate Response (TCR) to 1 % increasing CO2 aftersensitivity»), or the sensitivity of the whole system except the carbon cycle (the Earth System Sensitivity), or the transient sensitivity tied to a specific date or period of time (i.e. the Transient Climate Response (TCR) to 1 % increasing CO2 aftersensitivity of the whole system except the carbon cycle (the Earth System Sensitivity), or the transient sensitivity tied to a specific date or period of time (i.e. the Transient Climate Response (TCR) to 1 % increasing CO2 after 70 ysystem except the carbon cycle (the Earth System Sensitivity), or the transient sensitivity tied to a specific date or period of time (i.e. the Transient Climate Response (TCR) to 1 % increasing CO2 after 70 ySystem Sensitivity), or the transient sensitivity tied to a specific date or period of time (i.e. the Transient Climate Response (TCR) to 1 % increasing CO2 afterSensitivity), or the transient sensitivity tied to a specific date or period of time (i.e. the Transient Climate Response (TCR) to 1 % increasing CO2 aftersensitivity tied to a specific date or period of time (i.e. the Transient Climate Response (TCR) to 1 % increasing CO2 after 70 years).

One plea, Is that what feedbacks, and system latencies have been included in a given sensitivity value, be clearly stated.

Other studies have also expanded the scope of the sensitivity definition to include even more factors, a definition different enough to have its own name: the Earth System Ssensitivity definition to include even more factors, a definition different enough to have its own name: the Earth System SensitivitySensitivity.

I'm increasingly thinking that what we really need is an estimate of the sensitivity of the system to an injection of carbon dioxide including the feedback from the carbon cycle etc..

Are there simple, controlled laboratory experiments that could either shed light on climate sensitivity and / or else help demonstrate, including mostly to skeptics, how changes in trace concentrations of an IR absorber / re-radiator are so effective at changing the temp of a system?

The long lifetime of the fossil fuel carbon in the climate system and the persistence of ocean warming for millennia [201] provide sufficient time for the climate system to achieve full response to the fast feedback processes included in the 3 °C climate sensitivity.

However, this climate sensitivity includes only the effects of fast feedbacks of the climate system, such as water vapor, clouds, aerosols, and sea ice.

To carry out a wide range of high - spatial resolution observations, it can combine the two AO - corrected 8.4 - m apertures of the LBT in various ways including direct (non-interferometric... ▽ More The Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI) is a strategic instrument of the LBT designed for high - sensitivity, high - contrast, and high - resolution infrared (1.5 - 13 $ \ mu $ m) imaging of nearby planetary systems.

Rett syndrome results from mutations in MeCP2 that cause peripheral and central nervous system deficits, including a decreased sensitivity...

A total of 242 accomplishments were selected from four categories: Engineering Science, Telecommunication, Electronics, and Information and Systems, including two NAOJ - related items «high - sensitivity radio telescope technology» and «the dedicated supercomputer for astronomy GRAPE.

In my practice the skin health issues that women tend to struggle with include acne related to puberty, perimenopause, or PCOS, and eczema or other rashes related to allergies, sensitivities, and overactivity of the immune system.

Thus, when the food is consumed, antibodies (the immune system response to foreign bacteria or toxins) flood the body with substances such as histamine that cause allergic symptoms, which can turn up anywhere in the body, including the respiratory system, intestinal tract, or skin.13 Essentially, negative reactions to food associated with a full - blown allergy, or even a less severe sensitivity, stress the adrenal glands and immune system and can cause seemingly unconnected issues later on in life.14

The DNR System is used for conditions including multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), fibromyalgia and electrical hypersensitivity (EHS).

They can include not only a genetic predisposition, but also food sensitivities (gluten and dairy being the most common offenders), environmental chemicals (such as those found in plastics), leaky gut, viral or bacterial infections, brain injury or degeneration, and, when a woman's immune system is already likely at the tipping point, pregnancy.

The goals of naturopathic allergy treatment includes 1) identifying the allergens and reducing or eliminating your exposure to them, 2) decreasing your immune system's sensitivity to these allergens, 3) stabilizing your mast cells to decrease the release of excess histamine, 4) reducing discomfort from current allergy symptoms.

Although most people consider celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity to be conditions that involve mainly their digestive systems, research indicates these conditions actually may have wide - ranging effects on your body, including on your joints, your hormones, and even your brain.

Food sensitivities including dairy and gluten, which trigger an immune system in overdrive and inflammation, can also keep you overweight or obese.

(244 Nm) of torque but has several updates, including a higher compression ratio (10.5:1 vs. 9.5:1), «reduction in turbocharger inertia,» with a lower maximum torque peak (1,600 rpm vs. 2,000 rpm); and the addition of a low - pressure exhaust - gas - recirculation system, the latter lowering exhaust - gas temperature and improving knock sensitivity, Nissan says.

Mercedes also wants its target customers to feel as safe as they are comfortable from behind the wheel, so it's included its Attention Assist system with adjustable sensitivity as standard equipment.

Rated at 188 horsepower at 5,600 RPM and 177 lb - ft of torque at 1,600 - 5,200 RPM, the 16 - valve DOHC aluminum - alloy inline 4 - cylinder engine includes a 10.5:1 compression ratio, Continuously Variable Valve Timing Control System (CVTCS), spray - coated and mirror - finish cylinder bores, a variable pressure oil pump and a low - pressure EGR system, which helps lower exhaust gas temperature and improve knock sensitSystem (CVTCS), spray - coated and mirror - finish cylinder bores, a variable pressure oil pump and a low - pressure EGR system, which helps lower exhaust gas temperature and improve knock sensitsystem, which helps lower exhaust gas temperature and improve knock sensitivity.

This system includes a proprietary hard coat for exterior protection, a shield for protecting the interior lens, dual touch layer for safeguarding touch - sensitivity and touchscreen, and an aluminum chassis.

Because many digestive sensitivities actually arise from problems with a puppy's immature immune system, Basics also includes antioxidant - rich LifeSource Bits and gut - pleasing probiotics while completely leaving out potential reaction - causing ingredients like corn, eggs, wheat, soy and dairy.

The system includes features above and beyond the current PSP, including touch and tilt - sensitivity and two analog sticks, so there are plenty of opportunities for new game designs.

The main idea is that the sensitivity of the climate system to a radiative forcing is not going to be constrained to effect only the factors included in GCM in 1979.

Is the increased forcing from heat absorbed in the Arctic from the drop in snow cover and Arctic Sea Ice included in the Charney sensitivity or is it part of the larger Earth System Ssensitivity or is it part of the larger Earth System SensitivitySensitivity?

The «Charney» sensitivity is generally thought of as the medium - term response of the system, including all the fast feedbacks and some of the longer term ones (like the ocean).

Are there simple, controlled laboratory experiments that could either shed light on climate sensitivity and / or else help demonstrate, including mostly to skeptics, how changes in trace concentrations of an IR absorber / re-radiator are so effective at changing the temp of a system?

On the question of hurricanes, the theoretical arguments that more energy and water vapor in the atmosphere should lead to stronger storms are really sound (after all, storm intensity increases going from pole toward equator), but determining precisely how human influences (so including GHGs [greenhouse gases] and aerosols, and land cover change) should be changing hurricanes in a system where there are natural external (solar and volcanoes) and internal (e.g., ENSO, NAO [El Nino - Southern Oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation]-RRB- influences is quite problematic — our climate models are just not good enough yet to carry out the types of sensitivity tests that have been done using limited area hurricane models run for relatively short times.

Quantification of Climate System Responses: On equilibrium climate sensitivity, several delegations, including Australia, the Netherlands and others, noted that the message that the lower limit of the assessed «likely» range of climate sensitivity is less than the 2 °C in the AR4 can be confusing to policy makers and suggested noting it is the same as in previous assessments.

While variations are certainly part of the system, Swanson and Tsonis correctly pointed out that a strong climate sensitivity to such variations inevitaby requires a strong sensitivity to anthropogenic forcing, including the CO2 increases of the past century.

sensitivity the degree to which a system will respond to a change in climatic conditions (e.g., the extent of change in ecosystem composition, structure and functioning, including net primary productivity, resulting from a given change in temperature or precipitation)

Primary emphasis is placed on investigation of climate sensitivity — globally and regionally, including the climate system's response to diverse forcings such as solar variability, volcanoes, anthropogenic and natural emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols, paleo - climate changes, etc..

C climate sensitivity if the observed history of ENSO was included, which was shown from CERES satellite measurements to modulate the Earth's radiative budget naturally (what we called «internal radiative forcing» of the climate system).

So 550 parts per million gets us to a scorching 6 degrees Celsius Earth Systems Sensitivity (ESS) once melting ice sheets, methane release, and permafrost thaw are included (consensus estimates, not what The Economist cherry picked).

The long lifetime of the fossil fuel carbon in the climate system and the persistence of ocean warming for millennia [201] provide sufficient time for the climate system to achieve full response to the fast feedback processes included in the 3 °C climate sensitivity.

However, this climate sensitivity includes only the effects of fast feedbacks of the climate system, such as water vapor, clouds, aerosols, and sea ice.

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the equilibrium fast - feedback climate sensitivity and Earth system sensitivity that includes surface albedo slow feedbacks.

Second, you can not directly compare the IPCC estimates of Charney sensitivity (which excludes slow feedbacks like ice sheets and vegetation) and earth system sensitivity (which includes slow feedbacks).

Including these gives a higher earth system sensitivity of perhaps 3 - 6C.

There are alternative choices for the feedbacks included in Earth system sensitivity.

Climate sensitivity including slow feedbacks is described as «Earth system sensitivity» [118 — 120].

Our principal aim here is to use Cenozoic climate change to infer information on the all - important fast - feedback climate sensitivity, including its state dependence, via analysis of Earth system sensitivity.

In conclusion, the thesis advocates that GCMs be used and developed uncompromisingly for «Hypothesis testing, numerical experiments, to understand how the climate system works, including its sensitivity to altered forcing,» such a policy to continue until climate model building becomes better understood.