A central aspect of the study was to investigate the atomic
system on time scales that are relevant for the establishment of ergodicity.
Comparing the heat contribution of CO2, with the heat in the entire climate
system on any time scale, is like comparing an elephant with an ant.
Observations show chaotic behavior of the climate
system on all time scales, including sudden regime transitions, as we documented in Rial, J., R.A. Pielke Sr., M. Beniston, M. Claussen, J. Canadell, P. Cox, H. Held, N. de Noblet - Ducoudre, R. Prinn, J. Reynolds, and J.D. Salas, 2004: Nonlinearities, feedbacks and critical thresholds within the Earth's climate system.
I think some further explanation of the statement, «Observations show chaotic behavior of the climate
system on all time scales, including sudden regime transitions» is warranted.
The strongest internal variability in the climate
system on this time scale is the change from El Niño to La Niña — a natural, stochastic «seesaw» in the tropical Pacific called ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation).
It is also a classic demonstration of the need for ensemble prediction
systems on all time scales in order to sample the range of possible outcomes that even the real world could produce.
Further, following your google hint, a few models popped up, e.g. this one that says in abstract: «A box model of the ocean - atmosphere - sea ice - land ice climate system is used to study a novel mechanism for self - sustained oscillations of the climate
system on a time scale of 100,000 years, without external forcing.»
Not exact matches
«But
on galactic
time scales, when you're creating stars and solar
systems, that's not that much
time.»
My reading of the episode is that the extraordinary financial events of September and October 2008 — several large financial failures, large -
scale rescues of major institutions, enough incipient systemic concerns about banking
systems to lead governments to issue guarantees, investor panic
on share markets — were all observed in real
time by households and businesses right around the world.
According to the California Independent
System Operator (ISO), utility -
scale solar generation reached 10,521 MW
on Thursday April 26, as the first
time it had surpassed 10.5 GW.
Within the functional world - village, to which technology has now shrunk mankind's space -
time dimensions, information
on a world or inter-continental
scale is distorted, mutilated and ignored to a much greater degree than information within the nation - state
systems.
Calley Eads, a fifth - year doctoral student in the UA's Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, aligns a laser
system used to track electrons
on time -
scales at the limits of what can be measured.
Modha is confident that his chips can be used to build a cognitive computing
system on the
scale of a human brain for only 100
times more power, making it 10 million
times more energy efficient than the computers of today.
Strictly seen, this applies, nevertheless, for most
systems only
on very long
time scales.
Using the naturally occurring uranium - lead isotope decay
system, which is used for age determinations
on geological
time -
scales, the authors deduced that these events took place at least 3.02 billion years ago.
«This shows that there are internal responses within the climate
system that can make glaciers grow and shrink
on very short
time scales.
«What is new in our
system is, for the first
time on the atomic
scale, we can see this transition from friction to superlubricity.»
Varadan and researchers in his laboratory have tested the
system on a small
scale for real -
time application.
«The influence of rising oceans is even greater than the overall amount of sea level rise because of storm surge, erosion and inundation,» said Carlson, who studies the interaction of ice sheets, oceans and the climate
system on centennial
time scales.
While the methane in the Von Damm vent
system they studied was produced through chemical reactions (abiotically), it was produced
on geologic
time scales deep beneath the seafloor and independent of the venting process.
According to the report, most large -
scale data
systems that include information
on undergraduate students are built to track students in a pipeline model, focusing primarily
on full -
time or first -
time students.
BAAM - CI, a large -
scale additive manufacturing platform, allows arbitrary geometric components to be 3 - D printed
on a
scale 10
times larger than any other commercial
system.
Instruments
on the glider will provide scientists back
on shore with a near - real -
time view of fine -
scale mixing processes in the upper ocean that play an important role in the movement of carbon, nutrients, and other chemicals through the marine
system.
The mission will also focus
on characterising the diversity of processes in the Jupiter
system which may be required in order to provide a stable environment at Ganymede, Europa and Callisto
on geologic
time scales.
This lends support to the view that EMICS can be used to gain understanding of processes and interactions within the climate
system that evolve
on time scales beyond those generally accessible to current AOGCMs.
While your body's performance readiness fluctuates several
times a day, the aerobic
system improves
on the
scale of weeks and months.
«This is a new era in early education,» says Lesaux, «and just as everyone is throwing their hat in the ring, we wanted to respond — to promote better, high - quality programming within a
system that still needs great improvement at a
time when we're focused
on scaling.»
With flexibility that the public schools just don't have, new compensation models can be polished and perfected in buildings that work beyond the current
system and then adopted and embraced
on a larger
scale over
time.
However, even proponents of innovation recognize that it still may be some
time before states can administer technically sound, large -
scale assessment
systems on demand and in ways aligned with new approaches to learning.
Texas is set to debut a
system to hold schools and districts accountable that will for the first
time grade them
on a
scale from A through F. Florida has graded its school districts since 1999.
Both games focus
on a nuanced combat
system that favors patience and
timing, and both have respawning enemies as well as grand
scale boss encounters.
This
time the war continues but
on a much larger
scale as it is no longer a war
on earth but a war within our solar
system.
Massive airships that would never be functional, enormous beasts that register
on the Richter
Scale when they twitch in their sleep, crazy embarrassingly eccentric sword designs that shoot lasers, what looks like a turn - based combat
system that even seems to have a Legend of Dragoon
timed button press, and even super moves that require building up.
Whether it's me working with Tommie Smith or me working in the world of magic with Derek DelGaudio or with biologists, it's really about connecting different
systems and learning how to operate
on different
time scales.
The retrospective show at Deichtorhallen Hamburg presents for the first
time, and
on such a large
scale, Erwin Wurm's comprehensive oeuvre, which includes all forms of media and
systems of reference.
The paper illustrates the importance of remembering that the atmosphere and ocean surface are just a small component of the Earth's climate
system — with the ocean depths having a vast capacity to absorb and move heat
on time scales ranging from years to centuries and longer.
Buildings are complex networks of diverse
systems operating
on multiple
scales across
time.
The average temperature, and all other details of the climate
system, will vary substantially depending
on the
time scale used.
The fact that this is possible indicates that we have achieved a fundamental understanding of the
system, at least
on annual to decadal
time scales.
And in any case, this does not erase the shockingly unjustifiable pair of statements you wrote: I'm not worried about the resilience of Arctic ecosystems and not worried about the
system tipping into an irreversibly slushy state
on time scales relevant to today's policy debates.
But to the point: yes, in theory the climate
system could show chaos
on longer
time scales.
(1) The «fast response» component of the climate
system, consisting of the atmosphere coupled to a mixed layer upper ocean, has very little natural variability
on the decadal and longer
time scale.
But even as I push for an energy quest that limits climate risk, I'm not worried about the resilience of Arctic ecosystems and not worried about the
system tipping into an irreversibly slushy state
on time scales relevant to today's policy debates.
Going back to Ed Davies and Rasmus» replies at # 2: We know that there are feedbacks and
system responses (e.g. ocean convection and advection of energy) that operate
on various
time scales.
Other feedbacks in the climate
system also operate
on longer
time scales, e.g. permafrost carbon.
For obvious reasons, we are interested in how the climate
system will respond to an increase in CO2 and that depends
on time -
scale and what feedbacks we consider:
We model
systems on the
scale of centimeters using control volumes
on the order of fractions of millimeters and
time steps
on the order of fractions of a second.
And, since the
system function (H) is likely to be dependent
on time scales, thinking in the frequency domain seems a good idea (especially in modeling studies where F can be speficied in known forms), though we must also anticipate complication due to essential nonlinearity of the
system.
That applies (nearly) for the atmosphere as a whole, which is in equilibrium
on time scales of around a month, but it doesn't apply to a local precipitation
system like a hurricane or even a thunderstorm.
Now, your claim about stationarity of the «climate» in the Lorenz
system is not without a merit but hinges
on the selection of the
time scale.