Sentences with phrase «targeted by immune cells»

The Harvard researchers began by analysing the three - dimensional structure of the small region of the nerve cell sheath protein that is targeted by immune cells in MS patients.

Not exact matches

By dissecting the heritage of these cells, we can find new targets to tackle a range of conditions including infectious diseases, cancers and immune disorders, and even make vaccines more effective.»

Although the group didn't identify the toxin's target, it probably causes cells to die from within by overstimulating the immune system, says immunologist Harry Hill of the University of Utah.

Researchers at Penn State have combined the two approaches by taking biodegradable polymer nanoparticles encapsulated with cancer - fighting drugs and incorporating them into immune cells to create a smart, targeted system to attack cancers of specific types.

One potential way that the penile microbiome can increase HIV risk is by triggering production of immune factors that lure HIV target cells to the penis.

Joseph Wu of Stanford University, California, and his team have found that a mouse's immune system can be primed to recognise and target cancer cells by vaccinating them beforehand with stem cells.

«When mosquitoes are infected with these viruses, there's a signal that lets the mosquito's cells know that they are infected, resulting in targeting of the virus by the mosquito's immune response.

This is characterised by the targeted strengthening of the body's own immune cells, unlike in chemotherapy, in which the aim is direct destruction of the cancer cells.

By manipulating the function of certain immune cells, called T cells, researchers could help restore the system's balance and create new treatments to target these diseases.

Particularly prominent in the RNA - Seq analysis was the up - regulation of a number of granzymes, a group of proteinases secreted by immune cells that were originally thought to be involved in killing (via apoptosis) virus infected cells or other target cells.

As with innate immunity, the adaptive immune system — the T cells and antibodies produced by B cells that target specific molecules on invading cells — contributes to pathology or may also fight against it.

In laboratory studies, daratumumab caused the targeted killing of CD38 - carrying tumor cells by several distinct and potent mechanisms, including some that involve the immune system.

The researchers are now planning to address the impact of targeting autophagy either clinically and pharmacologically on the immune landscape of melanomas by phenotyping other immune cells in the melanoma tumor microenvironment.

«This remodeling process of the cell proteome by autophagy is an important immune - suppressive survival mechanism for Ras - driven cancers, and inhibiting autophagy can provide a means to target these aggressive cancers,» notes White, who is also a distinguished professor of molecular biology and biochemistry at Rutgers School of Arts and Sciences.

Most cells from a foreign donor, such as in transplanted organs, are targeted by the immune system, but «this one has found a way to suppress the immune system of its hosts long enough to let it be passed along,» he says.

Because previous work in rats and monkeys has found that proteins that block the costimulatory signal can hold T cells at bay, Kim Olthoff, a transplant surgeon at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center in Philadelphia, thought her team could achieve a targeted immune suppression by getting the transplanted organ itself — rather than proteins injected into the bloodstream — to block the costimulatory signal.

When the scientists blocked Treg cells from accumulating in the fat by targeting a molecule that the immune cells require, mice no longer developed type 4 diabetes in old age.

An international research team headed by the rheumatologist Dr Andreas Ramming at Friedrich - Alexander - Universität Erlangen - Nürnberg (FAU) has now managed to identify an immune system cell type that can be used in a targeted attempt to control the inflammatory response in arthritis patients.

Two types of vaccines were used for the study: one constructed with genetically engineered DNA molecules that teach immune system cells to recognize premalignant cells expressing HPV16 E7 proteins, and one that is a non-infectious, engineered virus that targets and kills precancerous cells marked by HPV16 and HPV18 E6 and E7 proteins.

Moffitt researchers wanted to determine if it would be possible to activate the cancer - fighting properties of T cells indirectly by targeting another type of immune cell called a dendritic cell.

Antibodies only bind to target cells Peptide antibodies developed by Kwak and co-discoverer, Hong Qin, Ph.D., assistant professor of Lymphoma / Myeloma, wipe out MDSCs in the blood, spleen and tumor cells of mice without binding to other white blood cells or dendritic cells involved in immune response.

Scientists have found a way to target elusive cells that suppress immune response, depleting them with peptides that spare other important cells and shrink tumors in preclinical experiments, according to a paper published online by Nature Medicine.

«Our results suggest that heart failure would be better addressed by treatments that shut down immune cells that are both sources and targets of cytokines in the spleen and heart, instead of targeting any one cytokine,» said Sumanth Prabhu, M.D., director of the Division of Cardiovascular Disease within the UAB School of Medicine and study leader.

Certain molecules on tumors can serve as targets for attack by cells of the immune system.

«This is because the stress led to poor function against the cancer by T - cells, which are very important in the immune system's control and surveillance of tumours and are a major target in many immunotherapy treatments.»

A new study shows that a 70 - year - old malaria drug can block immune cells in the liver so nanoparticles can arrive at their intended tumor site, overcoming a significant hurdle of targeted drug delivery, according to a team of researchers led by Houston Methodist.

«Brain cancer cells are very good at evading the host immune system, because they do not express specific targets that can be recognized by immune cells,» said Liau, professor and vice chair of neurosurgery.

In the new paper, researchers led by Dr. Torres showed that LPA keeps T cells inactivated even after they have «seen» a target, or antigen, on a cancer cell that would normally trigger an immune response.

By targeting CTLA - 4, ipilimumab restimulates the immune system to target tumor cells.

Neoantigens are molecules on cell's surfaces that are produced by DNA mutations that are present in cancer cells but not in normal cells, making neoantigens ideal targets for immune therapy against cancer, say the scientists.

The authors noted: «From this perspective, by strengthening tumor - associated immune responses, targeting [regulatory T cell] autophagy could act in synergy with strategies that block autophagy in tumor cells for added benefits in cancer therapy.»

Regardless of the targeted organ for cell replacement or regeneration, the shared challenges in cell therapies for diabetes such as transplant procedure and immune rejection will be well - served by the collective expertise within CCTD.

Although, Hedrick and Linden target different cell types, innovations by both groups could encourage clinical tests of drugs designed to switch on a patient's immune cells by eradicating secondary lung malignancies.

In future research supported by the National Institutes of Health, the researchers will study exactly how mucosal fibroblasts make immune cells more «infectable», which could ultimately lead to new targets for preventing HIV.

With their deep expertise in the biology of senescent cells, the Campisi lab will be focused on fundamental research into questions like how senescent cells vary in their susceptibility and resistance to immune clearance (depending on factors like their tissues of residence or the pathway that led them into senescence); the targets and mechanisms used by NK cells to clear senescent cells; and why subsets of senescent cells might persist when their similarly - situated neighbors are cleared out (and what might allow us to overcome that resistance).

There is already evidence that senescent cells are targeted by the innate immune system.

By engineering an artificial protein that targets the product of such potentially cancer - causing gene fusions, Hur hopes to trigger immune defense mechanisms that kill rogue cells harboring the fusions.

They presented frontline research in various fields such as large - scale methods to identify novel drug targets, how to extract more information from microscopic images by the use of computational methods, as well as the movement and behavior of immune cells.

These «surface proteins» are easily recognized by the immune cells and targeted for destruction.

The target of «atezo» is a molecule called PD - L1, which some cancer cells make to try to avoid being killed by the immune system.

Adoptive Cell Transfer (ACT) is a form of immunotherapy that targets tumors specifically and potently by utilizing large numbers of a patient's own immune cells to target and destroy cancer cells.

The approach developed by the MGH team starts with the engineered protein, which in this case fuses an antibody fragment targeting a protein called mesothelin — expressed on the surface of such tumors as mesothelioma, ovarian cancer and pancreatic cancer — to a protein from the tuberculosis bacteria that stimulates the activity of dendritic and other immune cells.

Sophisticated cell targeting systems such as the gene therapy approach developed for senescent cell clearance by Oisin Biotechnologies could also be turned to stem cell or immune cell destruction, given suitable markers of cell chemistry.

In preclinical research, tumor cells lysed by coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21), a naturally occurring «common cold» ICAM - 1 — targeted RNA virus, induced a secondary systemic host - generated antitumor immune response.

• Disease - driving pathways that involve the human immune system are often targeted by antibodies, and Organ - Chips recreate complex interactions of different human cell types and aspects of the human immune system, overcoming limitations of animal models which do not reflect all human immune cells.

It is Dr. Chou's hope that, by treating colon cancer stem cells with DAC and then exposing them to immune cells that have been primed to recognize NY - ESO - 1, he can generate a targeted and durable immune response against these cells without harming healthy cells.

«By bringing our research together, we want to illuminate pathways by which tumor cells and HIV evolve to avoid immune system attacks and use this knowledge to identify new targets for prevention and treatment for both diseases.&raquBy bringing our research together, we want to illuminate pathways by which tumor cells and HIV evolve to avoid immune system attacks and use this knowledge to identify new targets for prevention and treatment for both diseases.&raquby which tumor cells and HIV evolve to avoid immune system attacks and use this knowledge to identify new targets for prevention and treatment for both diseases.»

In order to help identify them as targets that should be attacked by the immune cells, antibodies bind to these foreign cells.