To begin to understand the extent to which
teacher expectations matter, we first compare the college completion rates of students whose teachers have lower and higher expectations for their educational attainment.
Our analysis supports the conventional wisdom that
teacher expectations matter.
Not exact matches
Although these slogans might seem a little saccharine, the hopes and
expectations that
teachers hold for their students
matter.
And
expectations matter — having a
teacher who expects a student to complete a four - year college degree increases the likelihood that the student actually goes on to do so.
Looking back, I can see that my colleagues and I were struggling to counteract powerful tendencies that work against high student achievement in urban schools: If
teachers work in isolation, if there isn't effective teamwork, if the curriculum is undefined and weakly aligned with tests, if there are low
expectations, if a negative culture prevails, if the principal is constantly distracted by nonacademic
matters, if the school does not measure and analyze student outcomes, and if the staff lacks a coherent overall improvement plan — then students fall further and further behind, and the achievement gap becomes a chasm.
Teachers emphasized time management (setting the number of days and then building in a 20 percent overrun), flexibility (being prepared to give alternative instruction to reinforce subject
matter versus knowing when to maintain a deadline), and priming (starting project dialogue and setting
expectations early).
The qualities of greatness in a school are the same in every
teacher: a desire to innovate, an acknowledgement that consistency is important, high
expectations and a recognition that everyone
matters.
Highly influential school effectiveness studies120 asserted that effective schools are characterized by an climate or culture oriented toward learning, as expressed in high achievement standards and
expectations of students, an emphasis on basic skills, a high level of involvement in decision making and professionalism among
teachers, cohesiveness, clear policies on
matters such as homework and student behaviors, and so on.121 All this implied changes in the principal «s role.
: The worst student to
teacher ratios in the country; near the worst per pupil funding in the US; low starting salary schedules that shortchange new
teachers so the oldest
teachers can be overpaid, though all do the same work; LIFO policies so that younger
teachers are always fired first no
matter how good they are and no
matter how poor senior
teachers are;
teacher layoffs expected at every recession, with waves of recessions expected indefinitely; bad funding in the absence of recessions and worse funding in recessions; constant loading with additional requirements and
expectations; poor and worsening
teacher morale; poor and worsening working conditions; ugly architecturally uninspired facilities and often trashy temporary classrooms; inadequate learning materials, resources and technology; inadequate administrative support with the worst student / administrator ratios in the county; inadequate librarian, psychologist, behavioral specialist, counselor, nurse support due to the worst ratios; inadequate student discipline structures; and much more...
Grade - level standardized tests are aligned with state learning
expectations, so if
teachers are «teaching to the test,» then students are practicing subject
matter that has been deemed necessary for the successful completion of their grade.
One 2005 review by Russell Rumberger and Gregory Palardy of the educational effects of high - school demography found evidence that the factors that seem to
matter for improvements for low - income students in integrated settings include high
teacher expectations, more hours of homework completed, college - prep courses, and a lower percentage of students reporting feeling unsafe.
As we strive to implement strategies that promote systemic change, we must do so with the goal that no
matter where students are assigned, they have the benefit of the thinking, expertise, and dedication of all
teachers in that grade level or subject area; that they are part of a school system that requires all
teachers to participate in learning teams that are provided regular time to plan, study, and problem solve together; and that this collaboration ensures that great practices and high
expectations spread across classrooms, grade levels, and schools.
• Why school leadership
matters • New
expectations place tough demands on principals • What
teachers want (in a principal) • Supply vs. demand: Rock - star superintendents • The modern superintendent
In short, we made sure students knew they
mattered to us, and that we had high
expectations for them and their
teachers.
More - importantly, because the quality of teaching varies more within schools (from classroom to classroom) than among them, the racial myopia of
teachers (and their low
expectations for the poor and minority children in their care) are
matters that have to be addressed in order to help all children succeed.
Dr. Good is also quick to acknowledge that, despite the reiterated notion that
teachers matter and thus should possess (and continue to be trained in) effective teaching qualities (e.g., be well versed in their content knowledge, have strong classroom management skills, hold appropriate
expectations, etc.), «fad - driven» education reform policies (e.g.,
teacher evaluation polices that are based in large part on student achievement growth or
teachers» «value - added») have gone too far and have actually overvalued the effects of
teachers.