Figure 2: Observed Relationship Between
Teacher Licensure Test Performance and Effectiveness
And I didn't even mention taking and passing that sublimely subtle NM
teacher licensure test (NMTA / NES), essentially an 8th Grade literacy test that quite a few teacher credential applicants take 3 or 4 times before earning a passing score.
In a new book, An Empty Curriculum: The Need to Reform Teacher Licensing Regulations and Tests, (Rowman and Littlefield: 2015), I make the case, with empirical support wherever possible, that the revision of the licensing system for each stage in a teaching career and the construction of new or more demanding
teacher licensure tests contributed significantly to the long - lasting effects of the state's first - class standards.
«Teacher quality,
teacher licensure tests and student achievement.»
Study Finds
Teacher Licensure Tests are Mostly High School Level: If This Is All We Expect Teachers to Know, Why do We Make Them go to College?
My findings show a positive relationship between
some teacher licensure tests and student achievement.
Not exact matches
And the evidence on the importance of
teacher academic proficiency generally suggests that effectiveness in raising student
test scores is associated with strong cognitive skills as measured by SAT or
licensure test scores, or the competitiveness of the college from which
teachers graduate.
Requiring the coursework and a passing grade on a
licensure test serves only to incur costs in time and money to future
teachers, potentially closing the profession to some candidates.
However, without the changes Massachusetts made to its entire system of
teacher licensing (e.g., subject area licensing
tests for all prospective
teachers, criteria for achieving full
licensure after beginning teaching, and criteria for license renewal for veteran
teachers), it is unlikely there would have been enduring gains in achievement for students in all demographic groups and in all its regional vocational / technical high schools — gains confirmed by
tests independent of control or manipulation by Massachusetts or federal policy makers.
As a result, it has been difficult for observers to determine which factor or group of factors was most responsible for these gains: a revised and strengthened licensing system; revised or new
licensure tests; the use of first - rate standards in most classrooms, in annual state student
tests, and in the professional development programs all
teachers took for license renewal; and / or the major changes in K - 12 governance and finance introduced by the Massachusetts Education Reform Act of 1993.
Yet research on the impact of
licensure on student outcomes is inconclusive, with some studies finding little, if any, difference among traditionally certified and uncertified
teachers and others finding substantially higher student
test scores among traditionally certified
teachers.
The ETS is very upfront about the issues surrounding the use of
teacher -
licensure tests and entry
tests as a measure of
teacher quality, but it also points out that doing so does make sense, because using this kind of
test can show that, as it says, «an individual has acquired a level of knowledge that is acceptable for licensing a beginning
teacher, and that
teachers without this knowledge are unlikely to become effective
teachers.»
Teachers in charter schools need not hold an active state license to begin teaching, though they must pass the Massachusetts
Test for Educator
Licensure within the first year of employment.
Of particular interest are the report's points about the variation in state cut scores for
licensure tests (like Praxis), the need for smarter recruitment efforts for potential school leaders, and the
teacher - prep path taken by Finland.
And all
teacher candidates must pass the content - focused
licensure test prior to student teaching.
In fact,
licensure tests are weakly correlated to how a
teacher will perform in the classroom.
Essentially, they are focusing on
teacher licensure (and the use of TVAAS to determine continuation), protection of student and
teacher data, and
testing.
To gauge the level of belief in specific brain myths, the author relied on a paper by Paul Howard - Jones recently published in Nature, and the author used some items from Howard - Jones» research.21 The author also used
test items from the Educational
Testing Service's
teacher licensure exam to determine if the public could accurately answer such questions.
Successful completion of the Early Childhood Program
licensure course sequence and necessary state tests will lead to Massachusetts Early Childhood Teacher of Students With or Without Disabilities Initial Licensure (Pre-K &m
licensure course sequence and necessary state
tests will lead to Massachusetts Early Childhood
Teacher of Students With or Without Disabilities Initial
Licensure (Pre-K &m
Licensure (Pre-K — 2).
Nebraska
teacher licensure requires successful completion of the Praxis I Pre-Professional Skills
Test (PPST).
[17] We illustrate this in Figure 2, which shows the relationship between
teachers» future classroom effectiveness (at the elementary level) as measured by value - added and their initial performance on
licensure tests.
«Their legislation seeks to change
teacher licensing standards from requiring that
teachers pass a Praxis exam to requiring that they pass the much more rigorous North Carolina Foundations of Reading and General Curriculum
tests, which are based on Massachusetts» MTEL
teacher licensure exam.»
And yet, the researchers argue that using
test scores to make high - stakes decisions about
teachers» jobs is actually a more accurate method than previous systems, which often depended on cursory classroom observations, pass rates on
licensure tests, and degrees earned.
High rates of inexperienced and unlicensed
teachers moved to charter schools, but among regularly licensed
teachers changing schools, charter movers had higher
licensure test scores than other moving
teachers, and they were more likely to be highly experienced.
In order to earn certification to teach in public schools in Washington DC, prospective
teachers must satisfy the requirements for initial
licensure, which include completing a bachelor's degree and
teacher preparation program, educator
testing, and a criminal background check.
Many
teachers are unable to transfer their teaching license to other states due to red tape and disparate requirements for entry into the teaching profession.20 In Minnesota, which has some of the most difficult - to - navigate
licensure laws,
teachers who move from out - of - state famously spend thousands of dollars to complete additional requirements, classes, and
tests in an attempt to receive a license — and often, to no avail.21
Some new
licensure exams require prospective
teachers to demonstrate their skills leading a classroom in order to pass.23 These types of skills - based
tests have the potential to more meaningfully measure teaching skills.
Additionally, candidates must submit passing scores on the National Evaluation Series (NES) Essential Academic Skills
Test and on all areas of the Minnesota
Teacher Licensure Examinations (MTLE).
To qualify for initial
teacher licensure in Wyoming, you will need to complete a state - approved educator preparation program from an accredited college, complete a student teaching component, and pass the required Praxis
tests.
Potential elementary school
teachers in 21 states take the same test for licensure — the Praxis Principles of Learning & Teaching exam — with a possible score range of 100 to 200.11 Teachers in Iowa must earn a scaled score of 167 to pass, while teachers in Alabama pass with a scaled score of just 145.12 The average performance range — defined as the range of scaled scores earned by the middle 50 percent of the examinees — is 168 to 182; both Iowa's and Alabama's cut scores were well below the median score o
teachers in 21 states take the same
test for
licensure — the Praxis Principles of Learning & Teaching exam — with a possible score range of 100 to 200.11
Teachers in Iowa must earn a scaled score of 167 to pass, while teachers in Alabama pass with a scaled score of just 145.12 The average performance range — defined as the range of scaled scores earned by the middle 50 percent of the examinees — is 168 to 182; both Iowa's and Alabama's cut scores were well below the median score o
Teachers in Iowa must earn a scaled score of 167 to pass, while
teachers in Alabama pass with a scaled score of just 145.12 The average performance range — defined as the range of scaled scores earned by the middle 50 percent of the examinees — is 168 to 182; both Iowa's and Alabama's cut scores were well below the median score o
teachers in Alabama pass with a scaled score of just 145.12 The average performance range — defined as the range of scaled scores earned by the middle 50 percent of the examinees — is 168 to 182; both Iowa's and Alabama's cut scores were well below the median score of 176.13
Often, these
tests do not examine a
teacher candidate's ability to teach this content.2 Until recently,
teacher licensure exams were mostly comprised of multiple - choice and a few short answer questions.
In these instances, it is reasonable for a state to give
teachers up to one year to pass required
licensure tests.
Maine should require subject - matter
testing for all middle school
teacher candidates in every core academic area they intend to teach as a condition of initial
licensure.
Kansas allows new
teachers who have not met all or part of their
licensure testing requirements to apply for a one - year, nonrenewable teaching license.
Alternate route candidates for
teacher certification in Minnesota must pass the same exams as traditional - route educators, the National Evaluation Series (NES) Essential Academic Skills Test and the Minnesota Teacher Licensure Examinations
teacher certification in Minnesota must pass the same exams as traditional - route educators, the National Evaluation Series (NES) Essential Academic Skills
Test and the Minnesota
Teacher Licensure Examinations
Teacher Licensure Examinations (MTLE).
To become a certified
teacher in Tennessee, you must successfully complete the Praxis Core Academic Skills for Educators
tests, in addition to any relevant Praxis
tests for Specific
Licensure Areas.
Colorado, Illinois, Mississippi, and New Jersey require all new
teachers to pass all required subject - matter
tests as a condition of initial
licensure.
For example, both Oregon and Georgia use the Praxis II Mathematics: Content Knowledge exam for the
licensure of prospective secondary school math
teachers (a
test judged to be at the advanced high school level.
And as states have overhauled their
teacher evaluation systems, incorporating student achievement outcomes into their
teacher effectiveness determinations, NCLB continues to exclusively consider inputs like state certification status and
licensure test results as part of its maligned «highly qualified» designation.
TeachingWorks and Educational
Testing Service Reception Join TeachingWorks and Educational
Testing Service (ETS) at a reception celebrating the third annual Preparing
Teachers for Practice strand and introducing the Transforming Educator
Licensure (TEL) project, focused on building new performance assessments for teacher l
Licensure (TEL) project, focused on building new performance assessments for
teacher licensurelicensure.
Licensure assessments for those entering teaching reflect this uncertainty; virtually all measure some aspects of candidates» personal content knowledge but few
test their knowledge at a standard adequate for teaching it, and even fewer require evidence of performance ability — in part because there is no professional consensus around what a new
teacher should be able to do.
To qualify for
licensure, Indiana candidates must have a bachelor's degree, complete an approved
teacher preparation program, and pass a basic skills
test.
NJ EXCEL Model # 2: For classroom
teachers and educational specialists holding supervisor certification and practicing supervisors with less than 5 years of supervisory experience; leads to New Jersey Certificate of Eligibility for Principal and certification for Director of School Counseling Services * upon completion of the State - approved program of instruction plus field - based experiences and School - Based Internship within a 12 to 15 - month period, and a passing score on the State - required
test for Principal Certification (School Leader
Licensure Assessment / SLLA).
They could eliminate the Title II provision (added in the Clinton era re-authorization, in 1998) for annual reports on how many
teachers or administrators per education school pass
licensure tests for working in a K - 12 school.
All teaching candidates seeking their Missouri
teacher licensure must complete and pass the content
test (s) required for their specific
licensure area.
As a condition of
licensure, Washington should require its secondary
teacher candidates to pass a content
test in each subject area they plan to teach to ensure that they possess adequate subject - matter knowledge and are prepared to teach grade - level content.
Content Area Assessments All teaching candidates seeking their Missouri
teacher licensure must complete and pass the content
test (s) required for their specific
licensure area.
A study of
teacher testing in North Carolina found a positive relationship between
teacher performance on
licensure exams and student learning gains.108 However, other studies have failed to find a significant relationship between
teacher effectiveness and performance on
licensure exams.109 Some of that inconsistency may be linked to the quality of the exams, which vary by state.
Field
testing of edTPA ended in 2013, and
teacher preparation programs in 33 states use it in some capacity.111 Some states are beginning to require some form of performance - based assessment as a condition of
licensure.
They conclude that a
teacher's experience,
test scores and regular
licensure all have positive effects on student achievement, with larger effects for math than for reading.