In two studies, international
teams of astronomers suggest that recent images from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory of two pulsars — Geminga and B0355 +54 — may help shine a light on the distinctive emission signatures of pulsars, as well as their often perplexing geometry.
Not exact matches
The
team that made this discovery, led by Yale University
astronomer Tabetha Boyajian — the star's namesake —
suggested a variety
of explanations for its strange behavior, including that the star itself was variable, that it was surrounded by clouds
of dust or dusty comets, or that planets around it had collided or were still forming.
«Our measurements
of the bright spot
suggest there are powerful shock waves in the star's atmosphere that reach higher temperatures than are predicted by current theoretical models for AGB stars,» says Theo Khouri,
astronomer at Chalmers and member
of the
team.
However, the band's near - perfect alignment with the Milky Way's disk
suggests an alternate theory, says
astronomer Annette Ferguson
of the University
of Groningen, the Netherlands, a member
of the Canary Islands
team.
At the January 2002, 199th Meeting
of the American Astronomical Society in Washington, DC, two
teams of astronomers announced that the cold dust in Vega's circumstellar disk is at least partly gathered into large clumps, in a characteristic shape that
suggests the gravitational influence
of a giant planet in an eccentric orbit (Abstracts for sessions 66.04 and 66.05, and CfA press release).
In 2000, a
team of astronomers (Nick N. Gorkavyi, Sara Heap, Leonid Ozernoy, Tanya A. Taidakova, and John Mather) announced that modelling
of the asymmetric circumstellar disk infalling into Vega
suggests that there may be a planet twice the mass
of Jupiter at an orbital distance
of about 50 to 60 AU from the star — up to one and a half times the «average» orbital distance
of Pluto in the Solar System (N.N. Gorkavyi et al, 2000 and more discussion).
While the mystery
of KIC 8462852's brightness variations is still far from settled, a new study by a
team of astronomers that has utilised NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope
suggests that the culprit is most probably a huge swarm
of cometary fragments that revolve around the star on highly elongated eccentric orbits.