The secret to higher HGH levels and longer life may be in
telomeres found at the ends of our chromosomes.
Doing so keeps
the telomeres found on the ends of your DNA strands long and able to protect chromosomes from deterioration.
Not exact matches
Blackburn conducted research focused on mothers caring for children with autism and other chronic conditions, and
found that moms who were more resilient to stress — perceiving their situation as a challenge, rather than something hopeless or overwhelming — kept their
telomeres longer.
In case you haven't heard enough about how beneficial meditation can be, here's another way researchers have
found that it helps: Family members who meditated for as little as 12 minutes a day for two months while caring for a relative with dementia improved their
telomere maintenance.
In people with recurrent depressions, a correlation could also be
found between low cortisol levels and short
telomeres.
The
finding is surprising because this was not a study of
telomere length.
Researchers from several institutions, including, UCLA, Boston University, Stanford University and the Institute for Aging Research at Hebrew SeniorLife, analyzed blood samples from nearly 10,000 people to
find that genetic markers in the gene responsible for keeping
telomeres (tips of chromosomes) youthfully longer, did not translate into a younger biologic age as measured by changes in proteins coating the DNA.
The team
found that
telomere length was especially affected in larger males, compared with females or smaller males.
For instance, one small study
found that people who ate healthier diets, did yoga or meditation, and exercised daily increased the activity of telomerase, which could lead to longer
telomeres.
Telomere length does seem to be linked to life span; one key study in The Lancet
found that otherwise - normal people over 60 who started out the study with short
telomeres were more likely to die over the next 17 years than those with long
telomeres.
Now, in a move that brings these questions into sharper focus for the general public, Telome Health,
founded by Elizabeth Blackburn, who won the Nobel for Medicine for her work in this area, has announced that it will bring to market a test for
telomere length.
Their
findings: the
telomeres of subjects who exercised the most (an average of 199 minutes weekly) were longer than those of volunteers who worked out the least (a mere 16 minutes or less a week).
A large - scale genetic study of the links between
telomere length and risk for five common cancers
finds that long
telomeres are associated with an increased risk of lung adenocarcinoma.
And five months later, Jerry Shay and Woodring Wright of University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, also working with Geron collaborators, published additional
findings, showing that, by introducing the hTRT gene to cells, they could make those cells repair unraveling
telomeres.
Surprisingly, the researchers
found no associations between shortened
telomeres and cancer risk.
They
found that longer
telomeres were significantly associated with increased risk for lung cancer — specifically lung adenocarcinoma, which more than doubled in risk for every 1000 base pair increase in
telomere length.
Such a lag time, says Hahn, could allow cancer cells to develop resistance to a drug by
finding some other way to maintain their
telomeres.
To search for new enzymes that could repair
telomeres, the researchers — Susan Smith, Titia de Lange, and their colleagues at Rockefeller University in New York City — used a biochemical screen to
find substances that interact with TRF1, a human protein known to bind to
telomeres.
Great tits raised in an urban environment have shorter
telomeres — protective caps at the ends of chromosomes — than those raised in rural environments, researchers
find.
«The
findings from our study validated recent
findings on the
telomere binding role of ZBTB48.
The
finding also resolves another recent counterintuitive
finding: that people with shorter
telomeres are more resistant to melanoma.
Telomeres are the protective tips
found at the end of each DNA strand and are indicative of cellular aging.
«We also
found an association between
telomere shortening and thiamine deficiency (TD),» said Yamaki.
Blackburn and UCSF psychologist Elissa Epel's work
found that the most stressed - out women had shorter
telomeres that translated into an extra decade or so of aging compared with their matched controls — showing that external stressors can throw a monkey wrench into the cell's molecular mechanics.
Researchers chased the gene down and
found it was a mutant telomerase RNA gene component, and patients had about half the normal amount of telomerase, which meant their
telomeres shorten prematurely.
She
found that ASF1 loss initiated an intra-nuclear ping - pong game: cells replicated the tag and then tossed it back and forth between different chromosomes in order to build disorganized but serviceable
telomeres.
The researchers
found that individuals carrying a particular genetic variant had shorter
telomeres — meaning less padding for those fragile genes.
They
found that the inactivation of POT1 caused by these mutations leads to longer and potentially unprotected
telomeres, regions at the end of our chromosomes that protect chromosomes from damage.
The
finding relates to
telomeres, the caps that protect the tips of chromosomes when cells divide.
Telomeres are repetitive nucleotide sequences
found at the end of chromosomes which protect them from deteriorating during the process of replication.
They
found that women with the lowest number of eggs also had the shortest
telomeres — the chromosome caps that wear away as cells age — in their white blood cells.
«We have previously
found that shag chicks that experience higher levels of stress during development have greater
telomere loss.
Scientists at King's College London have
found that people who have previously suffered from acne are likely to have longer
telomeres (the protective repeated nucleotides
found at the end of chromosomes) in their white blood cells, meaning their cells could be better protected against aging.
They
found that when chicks first hatched, there was no effect of parental age on offspring
telomere length, suggesting there were no pre-natal effects of parental age.
Researchers
found she had prematurely shortened
telomeres, protective caps on the ends of chromosomes that reduce with age.
Brazilian scientists from the D'Or Institute of Research and Education (IDOR) and the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG)
found that ADHD kids and their mothers are more likely to have shorter
telomeres, a hallmark of cellular aging, which is associated with increased risk for chronic diseases and conditions like diabetes, obesity and cancer.
Intriguingly, the study also
found that drugs called statins, which are better known for their cholesterol - lowering properties, appeared to alleviate the effects of
telomere damage — and may even have protected
telomeres against degradation.
Even among the children, who are beginning their lives, researchers
found shorter
telomeres than those that would be expected for their ages.
All six studies looking specifically at LTL
found reduced
telomere length in persons with PTSD.
Although mother's
telomeres were also shorter, they did not
find any alteration in the father's
telomere length.
The
findings underscore the importance of intervening early to address behavior issues in children to prevent psychosocial stress and shortening of
telomeres.
Reducing sedentary activity appears to lengthen
telomeres, which sit on the end of chromosomes, the DNA storage units in each cell, the
findings show.
This was a key
finding, as
telomeres serve important functions in cell division and protecting mammalian chromosomes.
Adding telomerase to dividing cells in culture can lengthen their lifespan (ScienceNOW, 13 January 1998), but no one has
found a direct link between
telomeres and animal aging.
The study demonstrates that RingoA is active at
telomeres — structures that protect the ends of chromosomes and where Cdk2 is also
found.
When researchers took a close look at the cells of Dolly, the cloned sheep, they
found that her
telomeres, the caps on the ends of the chromosomes, were shorter than normal.
They
found that women who reported low socioeconomic status as kids and who struggled with family support as adults were biologically older, as indicated by shorter
telomeres.
The researchers also
found that parental homeownership in both early childhood and adolescence were both associated with adult
telomere length.
They also measured HDL cholesterol, cardiorespiratory fitness, lung function and the length of the
telomeres — protective caps at the end of chromosomes that have been
found to shorten with age.
In this context, telomerase activity can have unfavorable effects: «We
found that this enzyme allows cells with aneuploidy to bypass the protective function of
telomeres.