Howevr if it travels back into the raw
temperature as measured then it raises a number of questions about the processes used to produce gridded temperatures in general and the confidence limits around them in particular.
(Some people distinguish between «thermodynamic» temperature as used in the second law of thermodynamics, and «absolute»
temperature as measured with a gas thermometer, and then proceed to show that these are the same).
The global
temperature as measured by satellites varies between 285 k and 289 k (12 °C and 16 °C) over the course of a year due to saeaonal effects.
The data presented to the US Senate by Christy shows a clear flattening off of the average global
temperature as measured by satellites after 2000.
Thirty one years of satellite meaurement of OLR shows an exact match to the absolute average global
temperature as measured by satellites (UAH and RSS MSU).
Based on the same observation one could argue that the hockeystick methodology is correct to pick out the bristlecones because it is the only proxy that shows a climate signal consistent with a 20th century rise in
temperature as measured by meteorological stations.
Hence the difference in
temperature as measured at GRIP is a reasonable proxie for the difference at GISP2.
Your chart shows the difference between the absolute temperature in 1895 as measured using the GISP2 ice core proxy, and the absolute
temperature as measured at a nearby location using the thermometers in the 2000s, ie, the difference between the end of the GISP2 icecore and the higher of the two blue crosses in last graph in the original post.
The point being that these very ancient discrepancies exist but, as noted in the post (follow the «controversial» link) the correlation with CRF over geological time with
temperature as measured by proxy data has not been established.
I will bet Gavin Schmidt or any other author on this website $ 200 on LongBets.org that Michael Crichton's projections for temperature increases are more accurate than the IPCC, assuming that the temperature being projected is average lower tropospheric
temperature as measured by satellites.
For a long time now climatologists have been tracking the global average air
temperature as a measure of planetary climate variability and trends, even though this metric reflects just a tiny fraction of Earth's net energy or heat content.
Suppose that somewhere between two points there is an urb so that the model between the two points looks like this: Then suppose that on a given day
the temperatures as measured at the two points are 12 and 13 deg C and that there are no measurements from the urb or anywhere else in between the two points.
The problem with
temperature as a measure of climate is that it is misleading without a measure of humidity, as moist air has more thermal energy than dry air of the same temperature.
Unfortunately using global average surface air
temperatures as a measure of total warming ignores the fact that most of the heat (more than 93 %) goes into our oceans, which continue to warm without any sign of a pause, as you can see below.
The blue and green lines are actual
temperatures as measured by ground - based (HadCrut) and satellite (UAH LT) monitoring systems.
This has not resulted in some small change to
the temperatures as measured at Amberley, but rather a change in the temperature trend from one of cooling to dramatic warming; this is also what was done to the minimum temperature series for Rutherglen — and also without justification.
If the measured Global Sea Surface
Temperatures as measure by AMSR - E since 2003 vary between +2 C and — 2.5 C, and the trend has demonstrated a slight decline, whom should we believe?
Not exact matches
The latter group had lower physiological arousal,
as measured by heart rate and skin
temperature.
So AMD designed an algorithm that
measures the actual energy usage and
temperature within the chip and instead of automatically downshifting, maintains the speed
as high
as possible.
There is also a pill that contains a sensor to
measure temperature, pressures and pH levels inside the body,
as well
as an eco-friendly printed battery that can be used in electronic greeting cards and interactive packaging and then thrown away safely.
Biofeedback utilizes various instruments that
measure bodily changes such
as muscular tension, blood pressure, brain wave frequencies, skin
temperature, and heart rate.
AP: I don't know the exact
temperature,
as I've never
measured it.
Note: The FDA recommends that a safe internal
temperature for chicken is 165 degrees F,
as measured with a meat thermometer.
As for storing my flour, you don't need to freeze or refrigerate it, but if you choose to, be sure to bring it to room
temperature before
measuring it.
FLOUR FOR KNEADING: The amount of extra flour needed will vary depending on the
temperature and humidity in your kitchen,
as well
as variations in
measuring the flour to begin with.
Any thermometer will work
as long
as it
measures temperatures between 75 °F and 130 °F.
(I suppose you could also
measure the
temperature of the largest piece of potato in the pan
as well to be super safe...)
Position rack in the lower third of the oven; heat to 325 degrees F. Place ham in oven and bake until internal
temperature,
as measured with a meat thermometer, reads 130 degrees F., about 1 1/2 -2 hours.
The ease of pulling your boob out instead of prepping a bottle is a major benefit,
as is never having to
measure out formula, water, or make sure your baby's milk is at the right
temperature.
You can press the «head» button to
measure temperature from forehead or press «ear» button to use it
as an ear thermometer.
This Innovo medical thermometer can serve you with the best performance
as a
temperature measuring device.
Thanks to the modern science
as it discovers the best thermometer for
measuring the
temperature of your child.
A very cool thing; if you continue to
measure your
temperature throughout your cycle, this might also be used
as a first sign of pregnancy.
You should also understand that non-contact thermometer
measures the surface
temperature of the forehead, and it's not the same
as the
temperature of the body.
According to a leading fertility website, Fertility Friend, basal body
temperature (BBT) is defined as «your body temperature at rest as measured with a special Basal Body Temperature t
temperature (BBT) is defined
as «your body
temperature at rest as measured with a special Basal Body Temperature t
temperature at rest
as measured with a special Basal Body
Temperature t
Temperature thermometer.
We also love that it can be used to
measure the
temperature of the room,
as well
as of the bath.
This change in basal body
temperature, which is
measured by a special, more accurate thermometer, can happen
as early
as two days after ovulation.
It can
measure temperature from 0 - 1000 °F, capacitance up to 200 uf, frequency, and duty - cycle,
as well
as testing diodes and continuity.
The National Eclipse Ballooning Project, led by Angela Des Jardins, a solar physicist at Montana State University in Bozeman, will launch over 100 weather balloons at various times along the path of totality and
measure changes in such parameters
as temperature and wind speed.
Kaustubh Thirumalai (Brown University) helping retrieve a CTD instrument, which collects water samples and
measures physical parameters of oceanic waters such
as temperature, aboard the R / V Point Sur in the northern Gulf of Mexico.
They
measured the participants» core body
temperature, which normally falls at night,
as well
as blood concentrations of melatonin and of a stress hormone called cortisol that drops in the evening.
These include the development of a biochemical sensor that can continuously and accurately
measure different substances released by the organ - like system,
as well
as enhancements that allow the use of multiple physical sensors, which monitor features such
as temperature, oxygen levels, and pH values.
Sailors
measured winds,
temperatures, barometric pressure and cloud conditions
as well
as sea ice and animal sightings.
Nishi's team synthesised garnet in heated, pressurised containers and
measured how fast it degraded
as the
temperature and pressure were lowered, simulating ascent through Earth's mantle.
Researchers may soon be able to
measure consciousness
as well
as we can
measure a person's
temperature.
As a result of the cooling process, not only the
temperature but also the entropy - a
measure of thermodynamic disorder - of the gas is significantly reduced.
Researchers endowed the observatory's six nodes with instruments that
measure the ocean's changing
temperature and chemistry, cameras that spy underwater creatures, hydrophones that listen to passing whales and seismometers and tsunami detectors that
measure hazards
as they happen.
As it sidled up to the planet, Galileo sent a probe into the atmosphere that
measured temperatures, pressures and chemical abundances.
The risk of mountain rock falls in regions with sub-zero
temperatures, such
as the Swiss Alps and parts of Canada, could be better predicted by using technology which
measures «tiny earthquakes» — according to a group of international experts.
By
measuring the effect for different material thicknesses in the range of a few nanometers up to several micrometers
as well
as for different
temperatures, the scientists have found characteristic behavior.