Sentences with phrase «temperature contrast between»

The ocean as a whole is warming; however, coastal upwelling may ultimately be enhanced by alongshore winds, which strengthen in proportion to the temperature contrast between the oceanic and continental air masses [Sydeman et al., 2014].

Because the temperature contrast between the frigid Arctic and the milder mid-latitudes is what drives the powerful jet stream winds that guide weather systems, what happens in the Arctic is bound to have some sort of influence on the world's weather.

Those winds arise from the temperature contrast between the tropics and polar regions.

By comparing modelled and observed changes in such indices, which include the global mean surface temperature, the land - ocean temperature contrast, the temperature contrast between the NH and SH, the mean magnitude of the annual cycle in temperature over land and the mean meridional temperature gradient in the NH mid-latitudes, Braganza et al. (2004) estimate that anthropogenic forcing accounts for almost all of the warming observed between 1946 and 1995 whereas warming between 1896 and 1945 is explained by a combination of anthropogenic and natural forcing and internal variability.

Before the ice gets too thick, the temperature contrast between the warmer water and the cold atmosphere makes conditions just right for the formation of surface crystals like this field of frost flowers on Dillon Reservoir, in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado.

As northern polar regions warm, the temperature contrast between them and temperate zones — such as the continental United States — diminishes.

These results show that the surface temperature contrast between day and night hemispheres decreases with an increase in incident stellar flux.

«At first, tropical ocean temperature contrast between Pacific and Atlantic causes slow climate variability due to its large thermodynamical inertia, and then affects the atmospheric high - pressure ridge off the California coast via global teleconnections.

And even moreso I love the temperature contrast between warm sweet potato and chilly fast - melting ice cream!

Farther from the equator, Earth's rotation combines with temperature contrasts between the tropics and polar regions to create midlatitude westerlies, along with cyclones and anticyclones, that move heat from the subtropics to higher latitudes.

Not exact matches

The contrast between the sweetness of the vanilla and strawberries and the distinct saltiness of the cheese coupled with the opposing temperatures of the cold salad and warm cheese just totally blew my taste buds» mind.

A small temperature difference between the two sides of Proxima b would suggest the presence of an atmosphere or ocean to redistribute heat whereas a large thermal contrast would indicate the planet is a dry, airless rock.

All of these phenomena generate a greater contrast between land and ocean temperatures, the cause of the monsoon.

In contrast, the relatively high - temperature superconductors are thought to work when electrons are paired at the average distance between them — and this is what was seen between the atoms in this fermionic condensate.

In collaboration with Laura Kreidberg, we showed2 that the James Webb Space Telescope, scheduled for launch in October 2018, will be able to distinguish between the temperature contrast expected if Proxima b is bare rock compared to the case where its climate is moderated by an atmosphere.

In contrast to a number of phenological studies showing nonlinear relationships between phenology and temperature, due largely to unmet chilling and photoperiod requirements, our findings demonstrate the relationship to be linear and to explain most of the variation in flowering.

By contrast, weather forecasting that leverages «data science» collects a vast amount of historical information on air, temperature, and humidity, and assesses the relationship between those measurements and actual past events, such as whether or not a storm occurred.

By contrast, the correlations between temperature and periodic fluccuations in both ocean temperatures and the solar cycles are very strong.

In contrast, the only interval in the GISS or NCDC global time series that looks odd is during the WWII years between 1941 and 1945, where it appears that all the temperatures have a warming bias of 0.1 C. I agree with J.J.Kennedy that it is an artificial shift based on war - time procedures, but I think the corrections that Hadley made post-WWII were questionable.

«In contrast, the difference between, say, the second and sixth warmest years is trivial since the known uncertainty — or noise — in the temperature measurement is larger than some of the differences between the warmest years.»

By contrast, atmospheric temperatures measured from weather satellites show only insignificant warming between 1978 and 1997 — as do the independent data from weather balloons around the world.

While tropical hurricane intensity is primarily driven by latent heat from warm sea surface temperatures, an extra-tropical storm is primarily driven by baroclinic processes (differences in the pressure gradient) such as the gradient due to the contrast between the warm Gulf Stream and cold continental air mass.

In contrast, the Esper team found no divergence between instrumental data and temperatures inferred from density analysis of living trees in the study area.

For example, Brown and Caldeira (2017) use fluctuations in Earth's top - of - the - atmosphere (TOA) energy budget and their correlation with the response of climate models to increases in GHG concentrations to infer that ECS lies between 3 and 4.2 K with 50 % probability, and most likely is 3.7 K. Assuming t statistics, this roughly corresponds to an ECS range that in IPCC parlance is considered likely (66 % probability) between 2.8 and 4.5 K. By contrast, Cox et al. (2018) use fluctuations of the global - mean temperature and their correlation with the response of climate models to increases in GHG concentrations to infer that ECS likely lies between 2.2 and 3.4 K, and most likely is 2.8 K.

While PDO does have some degree of correlation with short term variations in global temperature, the striking feature of Figure 3 is the contrast in trends between PDO and global temperature.

«An important contributor to the projected future decrease of temperature variance is shown to be the reduction of the mean zonal temperature gradient, the contrast between land and sea.»

This creates a large horizontal temperature contrast, which is essentially a large pressure gradient, between the polar and tropical air.

Essentially, the higher the contrast between west and east, the more extreme the variation of the winter temperature dipole.

Hence, we had an extreme North American Winter Temperature Dipole, or contrast between the weather conditions of the eastern half of the US and the western half.

increases the variability in temperature and precipitation, it's creating the wild contrast we see between drought and floods, leaving us more at risk than ever before.

When winter storms have been violent, usually because of an increased contrast between the average temperature of land and ocean surfaces, you find a lot more dust and salt spray (indicates wind over oceans) in the cores.

In contrast, meteorological data collected from three nearby coastal stations (Brevoort Island, Cape Dyer, and Resolution Island) between 1950 and 1992 indicated that the mean minimum and maximum air temperatures for the month of April are normally 10 - 20 °C cooler than the averages we recorded at our camp.

The zone of convergence, or polar front, is most strongly developed in winter, when the contrast in temperature and humidity of the air between the converging flows is greatest.

For Europe, only minor biome - level shifts are projected for Mediterranean vegetation types (Parry, 2000), contrasting with between 60 and 80 % of current species projected not to persist in the southern European Mediterranean region (global mean temperature increase of 1.8 °C — Bakkenes et al., 2002).

Daily temperature ranges reflect difference between high and low on a given day while annual ranges contrast high and low monthly temperatures in a year.

In striking contrast, a nearly perfect linear correlation with coefficients as high as 0.96 - 0.97 is found between corrected or uncorrected global surface temperature and total amount of stratospheric halogenated gases during 1970 - 2012.

The climate scientists think that India's smoky haze has been helping to shade parts of the Arabian sea, reducing the contrasts in temperature between the equator, and the tropics.

Further, there is no published research that investigates the effect of unusually hot temperatures on SSR in hot climates, in contrast to the known positive relationship between high ambient temperature and mortality [8].

The excellent Wood - for - Trees website allows one to plot, compare and contrast, in as many ways as you can imagine, the relative differences between the two ground - based and two satellite temperature analyses.

In contrast, the interaction between temperature and soil moisture resulted in a smaller reduction in suitable plant growing days than the losses due solely to temperature (0 %, 5 %, and 19 % under RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5, respectively; dashed blue lines in Fig 3).

Assessments of Antarctic temperature change have emphasized the contrast between strong warming of the Antarctic Peninsula and slight cooling of the Antarctic continental interior in recent decades.