Not exact matches
«We chose the iconic Great Barrier Reef because water
temperature varies by 8 - 9 degrees along its full length from summer to winter, and because there are wide local variations in pH. In other words, its natural
gradients encompass the sorts of conditions that will apply several decades from
now under business - as - usual greenhouse gas emissions.»
Now the matching is just «almost perfect» if there is a
temperature gradient, because the photon density must slowly decrease to match the local excitation
temperature.
Until
now, these changes have been gradual shifts across
temperature and moisture
gradients, rather than abrupt.
In the worst case, as the
temperature gradient between the freezing water and the air increases, the energy transfer from the water to the air may
now equal the energy loss from the air, at which point the air will stop getting colder.
TE, if the AMOC stops, their maps show that Atlantic
temperature gradient is enhanced over what we have
now, because the fresh cold meltwater and sea ice comes much further south and tightens the
gradient.
Now, sketch a plot of
temperature against altitude, then, pick a point around 4Km altitude and reduce the
gradient of the plot by rotating it anticlockwise about that pivoting altitude.
Now, Rob, this is the most ludicrous and unsubstantiated statement in Pierrehumbert's «gold standard» where, on page 100, he clearly assumes (from his incorrect computations) that 10 % water vapour in the atmosphere would raise the
temperature from 250K to 350K whilst at the same time reducing the
temperature gradient.
Now I can construct a heat engine which extracts useful work based on the
temperature gradient and gravity will continue to organize the air column forever and my heat engine will never run out of «fuel»?
It seems that the upwards
gradient from 1990 to
now that appears in a lot of global surface
temperature data (whether correct or not) is being used to drive policy.
But
now that the skin has warmed up, the
temperature gradient across the subskin begins to decrease, and hence so does upward transport of heat energy via convection / conduction.
Loarie et al. (2009) calculated velocities of climate change in terms of relative changes in
temperature gradients using three different emissions scenarios (A2, AB, and B1) and concluded that between 2050 to 2100, organisms
now living in areas that cover about 29 percent of the planet's land will have to disperse faster than observed post-glacial velocities.
Even if the wind stayed constant, if the steering level lowered, then systems would move more slowly eastward... I could imagine a lowering of the steering level in response to a decreased surface potential
temperature gradient... though
now I'm not sure if my reasoning is correct...