Earth is currently in an interglacial period, and based on previous ice ages and the changes in global
temperatures during this interglacial period, we are now near the end of it.
Not exact matches
To date it has been assumed that
temperatures varied greatly
during the last glacial, while the current
interglacial was largely characterised by small
temperature variations.
Previous estimates suggested that peak
temperatures during the warmest
interglacial periods — which occurred at around 125,000, 240,000 and 340,000 years ago — were about three degrees higher than they are today.
During «
interglacials», the
temperature was somewhat warmer and the ice retreated.
Until now it had been assumed that thermophilic reptiles survived the Ice Ages only on the southern peninsulas of Europe and spread northward once the
temperatures rose again
during the Holocene and the
interglacial periods.
That means that,
during the
interglacial period, it took the planet millennia for a
temperature increase that humans managed in just centuries.
Other studies indicate that the peak sea level
during the latest
interglacial was a few metres higher than today, implying that peak
temperatures were higher.
Finally, deep - sea bottom
temperatures have also exhibited systematic glacial - low,
interglacial - high patterns
during the Plio - Pleistocene (Dwyer et al., 1995; Martin et al., 2002; Sosdian and Rosenthal, 2009; Elderfield et al., 2010).
David B. Benson says: «Somehow the climate survived
during the Eemian
interglacial despite global
temperatures about 2 K warmer than even now.»
During the previous
interglacial, the Eemian,
temperatures were about 2 K warmer than now and the sea highstand was 4 — 6 meters higher than the current level, depending upon location measured.
It is also clear that conditions
during the last
interglacial (LIG, 125 kya BP) that
temperature changes were close to what is anticipated by the end of the century.
The
temperature gradient between equator and poles is higher
during ice ages than
during interglacials...
Wilmot McCutchen (26)-- We also know that
during the previous
interglacial, the Eemian, that global
temperatures were about 2 K warmer than «at present», i.e., 1950s, and
during that time considerable melt occurred in Greenland (and probably some of WAIS), resulting in a 4 — 6 m sea highstand (different in different locations).
As there is in general a huge overlap between
temperature change and CO2 change
during the ice age —
interglacial and vv.
The data rule out methane hydrates as a major contributor to (i) glacial -
interglacial variations
during the last deglaciation, and (ii) millennial methane increases that occur in phase with Greenland
temperature abrupt events.
Second, the idea that there might be a lag of CO2 concentrations behind
temperature change (
during glacial -
interglacial climate changes) is hardly new to the climate science community.
«The hypothesis that the CO2 rise
during the
interglacials caused the
temperature to rise requires an increase of about 6 °C per 30 % rise in CO2 as seen in the ice core record.
It seems likely to me that the level warming we have had in many periods of this
interglacial period are likely to occur again in the future centuries: And it seems
during most the current of the
interglacial temperatures have as warm or warmer than current
temperatures, therefore it seems as warmer or warmer is most likely.
And
during the Eemian, the previous
interglacial,
temperatures were 1 - 2 degr.C higher than today, thus a constant increase of 5 ppmv / yr
during about 15,000 years would give an increase of 75,000 ppmv CO2... That is physically impossible.
It would require a much stronger relationship of
temperature driving CO2 than occurred
during the ice age —
interglacial oscillations (and it is also important to remember that those changes occurred over much longer timescales too... which is the presumed reason why there is a several hundred year lag time between
temperatures starting to rise or fall and CO2 starting to rise or fall).
Civilization developed
during the Holocene, the
interglacial period of the past 10,000 years
during which global
temperature and sea level have been unusually stable.
for article Increased seasonality in Middle East
temperatures during the last
interglacial period.
But our data reveal a significant deviation from this behaviour: The atmospheric concentration of CO2
during MIS 17 remains significantly below the levels
during MIS 13, 15 and 19; this is expected neither from the
temperature variations which always reach comparable levels
during these
interglacials nor from carbon cycle models11.
On the global mean sea level rise
during the last
interglacial period (129,000 to 116,000 years ago), the UK, Austria, US, Germany and others supported providing a policy relevant context and linking paleoclimatic observations on sea level rise to
temperature.
During this period, global
temperatures were 1.5 - 2.0 °C warmer than the peak warmth of the present
interglacial, or Holocene, in which we are now living.
Quantitatively, Vasskog et al. estimate that
during this time (the prior
interglacial) the GrIS was «probably between ~ 7 and 60 % smaller than at present,» and that that melting contributed to a rise in global sea level of «between 0.5 and 4.2 m.» Thus, in comparing the present
interglacial to the past
interglacial, atmospheric CO2 concentrations are currently 30 % higher, global
temperatures are 1.5 - 2 °C cooler, GrIS volume is from 7 - 67 % larger, and global sea level is at least 0.5 - 4.2 m lower, none of which observations signal catastrophe for the present.
Scientists are confident CO2 was lower
during the ice ages and that its rise was coupled to rising
temperatures when Earth moved to an
interglacial.
And in fact this is the mechanism by which a CO2 feedback amplified the
temperature swings
during the Pleistocene glacial /
interglacial cycles.
In addition to the increasing trend of recent CO2 content in atmosphere, according to my interpretations, empiric observations prove that the trends of CO2 content in atmosphere have followed
temperature during the last century,
during the glacial and
interglacial eras, and
during the last 100 million years.
During 1980s I listened to some academical lectures concerning the correlation between global temperature and CO2 content in atmosphere during glacials and intergla
During 1980s I listened to some academical lectures concerning the correlation between global
temperature and CO2 content in atmosphere
during glacials and intergla
during glacials and
interglacials.
If we have real - world evidence that
temperatures were warmer than today
during most of the past 10,000 years (and also
during several
interglacial warm periods
during the past few million years), and if we also have real - world evidence that human civilization thrived
during these warmer
temperatures and the warmer
temperatures did not trigger so - called «tipping points» sending the planet into a climate catastrophe, then we have very little reason to believe that our presently and moderately warming
temperatures are now poised to send the planet into a climate catastrophe.
I am sure that all on this list know that the
temperature maximum for this
interglacial period occurred
during the Holocene Optimum some 2,500 to 5,000 years ago and that we have been cooling ever since.
-- Even
during glacial and
interglacial periods — mainly being caused by orbital changes — CO2 content in atmosphere have followed
temperature changes.
The authors find «a relatively low contribution to Last
Interglacial sea level rise from Greenland melting... The resistance of Greenland to thaw despite much higher temperatures [8 C] during the last interglacial led warmist blogger Andy Rivkin of the NY Times to remark,»... Greenland doesn't need «s
Interglacial sea level rise from Greenland melting... The resistance of Greenland to thaw despite much higher
temperatures [8 C]
during the last
interglacial led warmist blogger Andy Rivkin of the NY Times to remark,»... Greenland doesn't need «s
interglacial led warmist blogger Andy Rivkin of the NY Times to remark,»... Greenland doesn't need «saving»
Temperature trends
during the Present and Last
Interglacial periods - a multi-model-data comparison.
Kandiano, E. S., Bauch, H. A. & Müller, A. Sea surface
temperature variability in the North Atlantic
during the last two glacial -
interglacial cycles: comparison of faunal, oxygen isotopic, and Mg / Ca - derived records.
Temporal and spatial structure of multi-millennial
temperature changes at high latitudes
during the Last
Interglacial.
During the last three such warm (
interglacial) periods,
temperatures at high latitudes were as much as 5 degrees warmer than today's.
The Paleoclimatologic record suggests that when the sudden changes involve
temperature, they are more probable
during ice ages — i.e., intervals when the surface was covered with more snow and ice capable of mediating strong feedbacks than
during interglacials.
Global mean
temperature during the Eemian
interglacial period (120,000 years ago) is constrained to be 2 °C warmer than our pre-industrial (1880 — 1920) level based on several studies of Eemian climate [52].
During the Eemian
interglacial some 125K years ago,
temperatures were 2 or 3 degrees higher and sea levels were 4 to 7 metres higher.
Once a
temperature threshold is breached, abrupt events follow due to amplifying feedbacks, even within a few years, examples being (1) freeze events which followed
temperature peaks
during past
interglacial peaks due to influx of cold ice - melt water into the north Atlantic Ocean; (2) the Dansgaard — Oeschger warming events
during the last glacial period; (3) the Younger dryas stadial freeze and the Laurentian stadial freeze.
During the
interglacials there were higher
temperatures without any kind of «runaway» disturbance....
but this occurred under significantly different orbital forcing conditions» This is to make us believe that a global mean
temperature could drive the melting or calving of the Greenland; but the Eemian diminution of the Greenland ice cap is by no means related to an average global
temperature but to the local summer insolation that
during the last
interglacial was up to 30 W / m ² to 60 W / m ² stronger than today's.
During the last
interglacial about 125,000 years ago, when global average
temperatures were not substantially warmer than at present, sea level was 4 - 6 meters (about 13 to 20 feet) higher than at present.
Oscillations
during an
interglacial are smaller and are cooler (Bond) events, and oscillations become larger the colder
temperatures become.
From the Greenland cores there are two really important considerations; (1) ~ 130k DOES NOT get us back to the start of the last
interglacial, from which one can infer that the Greenland sheet may have completely melted away
during the inception and early millenia of the Eemian, and (2) the better resolution of Greenland ice (as opposed to Antarctic ice) has repeatedly shown that
temperature changes precede CO2 changes.
Maximum
temperature during the previous
interglacial was about a degree and a half warmer than 1950.
Recent Earth history has featured quasi -100,000-y, glacial −
interglacial climate cycles with lower / higher
temperatures and greenhouse gas concentrations
during glacials /
interglacials.
Somewhat related, Snyder estimates the global average
temperature during the previous
interglacial (Eemian) to be warmer than now, whereas e.g. Hansen et al (2016, under review) argue that they are similarly warm.