Their results suggest that 75 % of nitrogen and 80 % of phosphorus cross the continental shelves, delivering a total of 17
teragrams of nitrogen and 1.2
teragrams of phosphorus from rivers to the open ocean each year.
What the science actually says — «About 11 to 18
teragrams of this nitrogen are chemically weathered in situ, thereby increasing the unmanaged (preindustrial) terrestrial nitrogen balance from 8 to 26 %» http://science.sciencemag.org/content/360/6384/58
Previous estimates predicted 8
teragrams of methane per year released into the atmosphere from ESAS.
Doubling that to 16 teragrams approaches the 17
teragrams of methane per year that scientists reckon the arctic tundra contributes.
The East Siberian Arctic Shelf is releasing around 8
teragrams of methane from subsea sediments each year, about the same amount as the whole of the rest of the ocean.
Recently a team from Russia, the US, and Sweden found that the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS) is releasing around 8
teragrams of methane from subsea sediments each year.
The following chart taken from the report details how the researchers categorized the total of 558
teragrams of 2016 global methane emissions; U.S. natural gas production is listed at the bottom of the chart.
About 17
teragrams of methane escapes each year from a broad, shallow underwater platform called the East Siberian Arctic Shelf.
In that year, when severe fires burned in eastern Russia, wildfires produced an estimated 72
teragrams of carbon monoxide.
By comparison, the model estimated fires yielded just 22
teragrams of carbon monoxide in all of 2010.
Shakhova's research results show that the East Siberian Arctic Shelf is already a significant methane source, releasing 7
teragrams of methane yearly, which is as much as is emitted from the rest of the ocean.
An article published in the Global Biogeochemical Cycles on 20th of February 2018 estimates that solar radiation mineralizes 45
teragrams of terrestrial dissolved organic carbon in the ocean.
Not exact matches
In an announcement Thursday, climate change think - tank the Woods Hole Research Center (WHRC) said the tropics now represented «a net source
of carbon to the atmosphere,» roughly 425
teragrams each year.
Potentially catastrophic amounts
of methane lie trapped as so - called burning ices, or methane hydrates, in the permafrost beneath arctic tundra — as much as 10,000,000
teragrams still trapped compared with just 5,000
teragrams in the atmosphere today, according to Simpson.
They calculated the amount
of methane being released from the bubbles to the atmosphere at 17
teragrams per year, which is close to the amount being released from the Arctic tundra.
The researchers found that reforesting topsoils across the country are currently adding 13 million to 21 million metric tons (13 - 21
teragrams)
of carbon each year, an amount equivalent to about 10 percent
of the total U.S. forest - sector carbon sink and offsetting about 1 percent
of all U.S. greenhouse gas emissions.
They measured levels
of the gas emitted from all sources, and found more than half a
teragram per year coming from the area where Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado and Utah meet.
Such a glut
of cellulosic biofuel, if realized, would reduce greenhouse gas emissions — compared with oil that otherwise would have been burned — by 44
teragrams (44 billion kilograms) per year.
The sum
of these emission estimates is about 60
teragrams CH4 per year, or ~ 25 %
of global natural CH4 emissions.
That same year, the researchers found 7 million tons (7.2
teragrams)
of methane came from oil and gas operations.
Overall, the new research finds a total
of 33 million tons (30.1
teragrams)
of methane was released by human activities in the United States in 2004.
The EPA's total for 2004 was 31 million tons (28.3
teragrams)
of methane.
The end result
of these calculations - the estimates that we have from a major review paper that was done by international scientists last year - was that about 20 to 25
teragrams per year
of methane could be emitted by the end
of the century from the continental shelf, and you need to compare that number with the current emissions just from wetlands
of 100 to 230
teragrams per year.