Sentences with phrase «term climate analyses»

Of these proxies, some of the most useful for long - term climate analyses are ice cores, sediment cores, tree rings and, of course, the fossil record.

Not exact matches

In the analysis — this was [all] originally published as a scientific paper in Nature last fall and then we see it again here in Scientific American in a more a distilled form — what we show is that in terms of climate change, in terms of nitrogen pollution into our waterways and oceans, and in terms of biodiversity loss, we have already caused irreparable harm to the planet.

One of the major problems, as Latif explained, is that there are just very few long - term oceanic measurements, thereby complicating the analysis and interpretation of climate change signals.

«We need both, realistic model simulations and long - term data records, and really sophisticated analysis methods to produce reliable climate predictions.

According to McFadden, not only does this analysis demonstrate that wintertime climate can be important for northern cities, it also shows the effects in terms of flood risks.

A new analysis of global energy use, economics and the climate shows that without new climate policies, expanding the current bounty of inexpensive natural gas alone would not slow the growth of global greenhouse gas emissions worldwide over the long term, according to a study appearing today in Nature.

On the whole, in terms of magnitudes of risks that we used in our analysis [in the Stern Review Report on the Economics of Climate Change for the U.K. government], my best guess is that we underestimated them.

Their analysis of ring width, published in today's Nature, revealed a number of long - and short - term climate cycles with different periods.

However, the city needs to be planning for those types of huge barriers more as part of a longer - term plan, and as preparation for the possibility that climate change and sea - level rise may be worse than expected, warns the analysis, published last week in Science.

Finally, a broader analysis of the environmental variables in the aggregation sites can inform the long - term impacts of climate change in the movement of the whale sharks.

After a short in - service with a colleague early in Term 1, I used the temperature probes and the analysis software in a short Climate Change investigation.

re: # 34 John Philips As it happens, in the near future, you may want to revisit the Wegman Report... — For example, Wegman & co were so expert at Social Network Analysis that pp.17 - 22 of the WR bear «striking similarity» (that's the legal term, most people say plagiarism) from Wikipedia, Wasserman & Faust (1994) and deNooy, Mrvar, and Bateglj (2005), as shown by Deep Climate in April.

Now, clouds do not make heat exchange imponderable, especially in long term trends of climate analysis, the averages due to what we already know about dynamic equilibrium outcomes and what we observe in the feedbacks going back even greater then 30 years.

Climate analysis requires absolute accuracy as a means of ensuring long term data quality if technology changes are to be made.

The authors take advantage of a very straightforward analysis of climate proxy data, avoiding the highly technical and arcane issues of statistical calibration and methodology that are so frequently seized upon by those who dispute that recent large - scale warmth is anomalous in a long - term context.

[UPDATE, 2:30 p.m.: William Patzert of NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab has just written to explain that the PDO index above is the result of analysis in which any long - term climate trend is removed.

Mike's work, like that of previous award winners, is diverse, and includes pioneering and highly cited work in time series analysis (an elegant use of Thomson's multitaper spectral analysis approach to detect spatiotemporal oscillations in the climate record and methods for smoothing temporal data), decadal climate variability (the term «Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» or «AMO» was coined by Mike in an interview with Science's Richard Kerr about a paper he had published with Tom Delworth of GFDL showing evidence in both climate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureclimate record and methods for smoothing temporal data), decadal climate variability (the term «Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» or «AMO» was coined by Mike in an interview with Science's Richard Kerr about a paper he had published with Tom Delworth of GFDL showing evidence in both climate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureclimate variability (the term «Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» or «AMO» was coined by Mike in an interview with Science's Richard Kerr about a paper he had published with Tom Delworth of GFDL showing evidence in both climate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureclimate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureclimate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureClimate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureclimate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measurements).

Relevant — Don't Count on Long - Term Success in Climate Policy, Warns Paper in Decision Analysis Journal (``... consideration of path dependence in the context of climate policy justifies greater near - term emissions reductions in what amounts to a hedging strategy.&raqTerm Success in Climate Policy, Warns Paper in Decision Analysis Journal (``... consideration of path dependence in the context of climate policy justifies greater near - term emissions reductions in what amounts to a hedging strategy.&Climate Policy, Warns Paper in Decision Analysis Journal (``... consideration of path dependence in the context of climate policy justifies greater near - term emissions reductions in what amounts to a hedging strategy.&climate policy justifies greater near - term emissions reductions in what amounts to a hedging strategy.&raqterm emissions reductions in what amounts to a hedging strategy.»)

The long - term warming of the climate may be threatening the celebrated Dutch tradition of skating frozen canals and rivers between towns in Friesland, according to a new analysis of climate and skating trends there.

However, in terms of the fast - feedback Charney analysis, changes in CO2 is treated simply as a forcing being applied from to system from «outside» of the climate system, and as a forcing it is not viewed as feedback — at least according to Hansen (2007)-- see above.

Given that models have been improving in their ability to model processes, I personally find it difficult to believe that, at least in terms of a Bayesian analysis, the models themselves aren't doing better in terms of their ability to identify climate sensitivity by applying first principles to our climate system.

Indeed, scope 3 emissions accounted for three - quarters of offset buyers» emissions, according to Ecosystem Marketplace's analysis of public CDP disclosures — the elephant in the room in terms of companies» true climate impact.

Of course, as they point out «because rainfall is such a variable element, trend values are highly dependent on the start and end dates of the analysis» and the fact they are simply using linear interpolation it is very difficult to derive anything meaningful in terms of climate change from just one map.

Hansen and colleagues put the design of pathways targeting 350 ppm in the context of a detailed analysis of likely long - term climate sensitivity.

Conclusion The science of climate - change teaches that economic analyses whose outlook is short - term and / or ideology - driven are moronic and destructive, eh?

Thus, what is that theory, that upon objective examination, rigorous, scientific examination — not by climate change refuters seeking solely to fit everything into predetermined boxes while self reinforcing such notions by castigating everybody else, but by dispassionate, reasoned, analysis and objective scientific examination — says or reasonably suggests all this won't have, or doesn't even present a high risk of having, a major impact upon long term climate.

That is why links to your favorite exemplars of reasoned - yet - short - term climate - change analysis would be a welcome contribution to the public discourse, Willis!

Nor do I think that your word «citizen auditor», one of Judy's terms that I don't use myself and rather dislike, does justice to the fact that the «core» statistical commenters at Climate Audit and related blogs (Jean S, UC, Ross McKitrick, Roman Mureika, Hu McCulloch, Nic Lewis, Ryan O'Donnell, Jeff Id, Lucia and myself) to name only a few) are more «credentialed» in statistical analysis than the «scientists» that are being criticized.

the 1.5 to 2 m observations of minimum temperatures that are used as part of the analysis to assess climate system heat changes (e.g., such as used to construct Figure SPM - 3 of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [2007] and of Parker [2004, 2006] study) lead to a greater long term temperature trend than would be found if higher heights within the surface boundary layer werclimate system heat changes (e.g., such as used to construct Figure SPM - 3 of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [2007] and of Parker [2004, 2006] study) lead to a greater long term temperature trend than would be found if higher heights within the surface boundary layer werClimate Change [2007] and of Parker [2004, 2006] study) lead to a greater long term temperature trend than would be found if higher heights within the surface boundary layer were used.

When Gregory turned the discussion to the potential effects of climate change and ways to combat them, Blackburn insisted that all potential remedies must be subject to short - term cost - benefit analysis.

Most of the costs of climate change are long - term, unquantifiable, worst - case, and non-market costs, which are not included in cost - benefit analyses of climate action like that of the Garnaut Review.

Similarly, analyses consistently show the costs of the UK's Climate Change Act will be more than offset by a combination of fuel savings, avoided climate impacts and reduced air and noise pollution, even before wider economic impacts in terms of jobs and growth are taken into aClimate Change Act will be more than offset by a combination of fuel savings, avoided climate impacts and reduced air and noise pollution, even before wider economic impacts in terms of jobs and growth are taken into aclimate impacts and reduced air and noise pollution, even before wider economic impacts in terms of jobs and growth are taken into account.

«Rather than justifying a lack of response to climate change, the emphasis on uncertainty enlarges the risk and reinforces the responsibility for pursuing successful long - term mitigation policy,» according to a 2010 analysis by researchers at Sandia National Laboratory.

In an analysis of global warming cloud feedbacks, Dessler (2010) used short term (i.e., not climate) variations in surface temperature and CERES data to determine that cloud cover was negatively correlated with temperature.

It builds on recent improvements in models, in the reanalysis of climate data, in methods of initialization and ensemble generation, and in data treatment and analysis to propose an extended comprehensive decadal prediction investigation as a contribution to CMIP6 (Eyring et al., 2016) and to the WCRP Grand Challenge on Near Term Climate Prediction (Kushnir et al.,climate data, in methods of initialization and ensemble generation, and in data treatment and analysis to propose an extended comprehensive decadal prediction investigation as a contribution to CMIP6 (Eyring et al., 2016) and to the WCRP Grand Challenge on Near Term Climate Prediction (Kushnir et al.,Climate Prediction (Kushnir et al., 2016).

Assuming that climate change and other deep uncertainties can not be eliminated over the short term (and probably even over the longer term), it then summarizes existing decision - making methodologies that are able to deal with climate - related uncertainty, namely cost - benefit analysis under uncertainty, cost - benefit analysis with real options, robust decision making, and climate informed decision analysis.

Many climate trends are small and require careful analysis of long time series of sufficient length, consistency, and continuity to distinguish between the natural long - term climate variability and any small, persistent climate changes.

«Here we present an analysis based on sea - level data from the altimetry record of the past ~ 20 years that separates interannual natural variability in sea level from the longer - term change probably related to anthropogenic global warming... Our results confirm the need for quantifying and further removing from the climate records the short - term natural climate variability if one wants to extract the global warming signal.»

Jeff Knight said: «Our analysis shows that climate change likely did make a contribution to the record rainfall in 2013 - 14 through a long - term increase in UK winter rainfall that is not associated with changing weather patterns.

In terms of jobs, economics and U.S. energy security, Keystone XL makes sense — without significant climate or environmental impacts, according to the U.S. State Department, which conducted five analyses of the project.

«Climate Services» sounds to me like one or two have done the same analysis and are desperately trying to find a future role in medium term weather forecasting.

An analysis by Bjorn Lomborg, the former director of Denmark's Environmental Assessment Institute and advocate for long - term climate solutions, found that the Accord would only reduce global temps up to 0.17 degrees Celsius by 2100!

As someone who isn't bright or knowledgeable enough to understand the science, I'd say that any conclusions made on analysis of long - term climate trends that looks dramatically different based on the inclusion or exclusion of only 10 years of data should be viewed as «information» — useful but certainly not dispositive..

And this all supports the analysis that the climate is much more sensitive to changes in greenhouse gas emissions and other «forcings» than the IPCC models have been saying and that a doubling of atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide from preindustrial levels to 550 ppm will ultimately warm the planet far more than 3 °C, as NASA's James Hansen argues (see «Long - term» climate sensitivity of 6 °C for doubled CO2).

In summary, given the large uncertainties, I am unconvinced by Annan and Hargreave's analysis in terms of providing limits to the range of expected climate sensitivity values.

Analyses of ωo from long - term AERONET sites influenced by Saharan dust suggest an average ωo of 0.95 at 0.67 µm (Dubovik et al., 2002), while unpolluted Asian dust during the Aeolian Dust Experiment on Climate (ADEC) had an average ωo of 0.93 at 0.67 µm (Mikami et al., 2006 and references therein).

Bioenergy from annual crops has a poor life cycle analysis in terms of climate impact, but some perennial bioenergy crops have modest potential.

My analysis shows that the most frequently adopted term in the studied sample is «climate change», while other terms such as «global warming» and «greenhouse effect» are rarely used.

These and other observations can be integrated into a model with feedbacks and having two unstable end ‐ points that is consistent both with classical studies of past climate states, and also with recent analysis of ice dynamics in the Arctic basin by Zhakarov, whose oscillatory model identifies feedback mechanisms in atmosphere and ocean, both positive and negative, that interact in such a manner as to prevent long ‐ term trends in either ice ‐ loss or ice ‐ gain on the Arctic Ocean to proceed to an ultimate state.

«Based on the results from this emergence timescale analysis we urge extreme caution in attributing short - term trends (i.e. over many decades and longer) in normalized US tropical cyclone losses to anthropogenic climate change,» says Crompton.