Linearity can be a useful approximation for short - term effects when changes are small as in some weather forecasting, but certainly not for the long -
term predictions from climate models.
On a much shorter time frame, my analysis of the HadCRUT4 time - temperature data supports the long -
term predictions from the CERN studies.
Also, perhaps I'm misunderstanding the methodology you've described, but I find the idea of delivering short
term predictions from AR4 models a little strange, based on previous discussions made here about the Cox and Stephenson's «sweet spot» of climate model simulations of ~ 20 - 50 years.
Not exact matches
There are short -
term trading opportunities, but the chart is a long way
from more optimistic «goldbug»
predictions to a return to previous highs above $ 1,600.
The U.S. Energy Information Administration's monthly short -
term energy outlook, the first to include
predictions for 2019, projected that coal production will decline
from 773 million short tons last year to 759 million in 2018 and 741 million in 2019.
The 2016 Best of the Hot List includes ideas
from David Dreman on why analysts»
predictions are like powerball tickets, insights
from Peter Lynch on what investors can learn
from the Maya and a discussion of what elections mean for long -
term investors.
So we have positive real estate market
predictions in both the short and long -
term,
from two different sources.
The paper challenged last week's
predictions from the UK Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) that short -
term oil revenues would flatline to produce cumulative tax revenues of # 33.2 bn by 2018, saying that oil income would rise to up to # 57 billion.
At present, the long -
term recovery of the Ozone Layer
from the effects of CFCs is still on track, but the presence of increasing dichloromethane will add some uncertainty to our future
predictions of ozone and climate.»
At present, the long -
term recovery of the Ozone Layer
from the effects of CFCs is still on track, but the presence of increasing dichloromethane will lead to uncertainty in our future
predictions of ozone and climate.»
These two patterns —
termed by the authors «pigment as parasol» and the «dark car effect» — combined with a knowledge of the nesting behavior and habitats of birds, can lead to
predictions as to why the eggs of some birds vary across species
from blue to white.
Long -
term data
from a wind farm at San Gorgonio, California, confirmed his earlier model
predictions: surface temperatures behind the wind turbines were higher than in front during the night, but as much as 4 °C lower by day.
«The
predictions were correct to within one - tenth of a millirem in
terms of potential dose to a person, which is similar to the radiation dose a large man gets
from the natural potassium in his own body over the course of a day,» Hayes says.
Having data
from all three orbits is important, but Mehta says that data
from NOAA crafts are uniquely tailored for U.S. weather
prediction for short - and medium -
term forecasts.
After years of research, an evolutionary biologist
from the University of Lincoln, UK, has proposed a revised version of the theory of fecundity selection which recommends an updated definition, adjusts its traditional
predictions and incorporates important new biological
terms.
This hypothesis has empirical support and presently attracts considerable attention, but notably it does not provide
predictions for individual differences in (a) behavioral plasticity or (b) unexplained variation (residual variation
from mean individual behavior, here
termed predictability).
The dating site is «looking at a very small number of genes, and you simply can not extrapolate a
prediction from those genes to long -
term compatibility,» he said.
Bell work task, homework check, a-level key
terms,
prediction task - criticisms
from Hume, Written task and discussion plenary.
This echoes Saxo's previous
prediction that Greece only has a 50 % chance of staying in the currency zone within the same period, which
from a forex trading account perspective would be worth considering for long
term currency trades.
But when it comes to takeaways that can improve your retirement planning and investing, I think there's one big lesson we should all draw
from 2016: Don't let the constant flow of
predictions and prognostications about the markets and the economy — no matter how prescient they may seem — divert you
from a comprehensive plan designed to achieve success over the long -
term.
We show four relevant empirical facts: i) the striking ability of the logarithmic averaged earning over price ratio to predict returns of the index, with an R squared which increases with the time horizon, ii) how this evidence increases switching
from returns to gross returns, iii) moving over different time horizons, the regression coefficients are constant in a statistically robust way, and iv) the poorness of the
prediction when the precursor is adjusted with long
term interest rate.
It is a common mistake to make short
term profits
from such
predictions.
We've made
predictions about how long we see the 3DS and Vita lasting, as well as guessing what's next in
terms of portable hardware
from Nintendo and Sony.
From a policy and adaptation point of view such efforts to make more accurate short -
term predictions could be valuable, if time bears out their
predictions.
The natural variations contain a large random component, depending on the specific variation — for example, a huge volcanic eruption six months
from now would require new short -
term climate
predictions (but the long -
term forecast would remain unchanged).
It's not that CC won't affect these things in the long
term, rather when Climate Scientists make bold
predictions on 50/50 propositions (or less) and are wrong, the public doesn't distinguish «wrong this year»
from «wrong this century.»
Barclays Capital recently increased its long -
term prediction, saying prices could reach $ 137 a barrel in 2015, up
from a previous target of $ 93 a barrel.»
However, unlike the mainstream model, it does make a specific short -
term prediction distinct
from the null, and is therefore testable and hence «scientific».
In
terms of
predictions from «skeptics», I imagine that those who disagreed with Hansen predicted that warming would be less.
Comparing model
predictions of GHG - induced warming with recent natural temperature fluctuations also indicates the potential scale of man - made climate change.Early modelling experiments focused on the total long -
term change resulting
from a doubling of carbon dioxide (CO2) levels.
We see less short
term predictions; «Our projection of 2013 for the removal of ice in summer is not accounting for the last two minima, in 2005 and 2007,» the researcher
from the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, explained to the BBC.
Sea surface temperature (SST) measured
from Earth Observation Satellites in considerable spatial detail and at high frequency, is increasingly required for use in the context of operational monitoring and forecasting of the ocean, for assimilation into coupled ocean - atmosphere model systems and for applications in short -
term numerical weather
prediction and longer
term climate change detection.
Further, just as seasonal - to - interannual
predictions start
from an estimate of the state of the climate system, there is a growing realization that decadal and longer -
term climate
predictions could be initialized with estimates of the current observed state of the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, and land surface.
People in the strong warming camp think you can make useful long
term climate
predictions from seriously flawed models.
Not surprisingly, short
term predictions at individual stations tend to do better when they are given less time to diverge
from their own earlier values.
Type 2 results, even
from global models used in a
prediction mode, still retain real world information in the atmosphere (such as
from long wave jet stream patterns), as well as sea surface temperatures, deep soil moisture, and other climate variables that have long
term persistence.
The only people really trying to make long
term climate
predictions all have similar funding sources and come
from similar academic environments.
In addition, recent progress in climate
prediction, on timescales
from months to years, offers the possibility to implement better near -
term decision - making in climate - sensitive areas such as agriculture, transportation, tourism, energy production and water resource management.
The current rate of environmental change is much faster than most climate changes in the Earth's history, so
predictions from longer
term geological records may not be applicable if the changes occur within a few generations of a species.
In other words, weather really isn't a reliable indicator of long -
term climate trends — but that isn't going to stop Walsh and his ilk
from making sweeping
predictions and (which is much more important) insisting upon sweeping policy changes just in case they turn out to be right one of these millennia.
Rich Thompson - Storm
Prediction Center The SPC utilizes all available surface observations, in combination with short -
term forecasts
from the Rapid Refresh (RAP) model, to generate hourly mesoscale analyses of various parameters related to severe thunderstorms and tornadoes.
Given the likelihood that internal variability contributed to the slowing of global temperature rise in the last decade, we expect that warming will resume in the next few years, consistent with
predictions from near -
term climate forecasts (Smith et al. 2007; Haines et al. 2009).
Global Warming Theory «Completely Disconnected
From the Observations» Extensive analysis of temperature trends in the Arctic reveals that there has been no detectable long -
term change since the beginning of the 20th century, and thus
predictions of a sea ice - free Arctic in the coming decades due to dramatically rising temperatures are not rooted in observation.
So, will the author's proposed cycles
from the land record fit your SST data over the available 160 time period; and if it does fit, what is «their» near -
term prediction for the next 60 years?
«Lukewarmers are only taking the «under» of an over / under bet if you frame the «bet» in
terms of
predictions / projections
from a bunch of very dubious GCMs.
The
predictions of sea level rise for the 21st century often quoted
from the recent IPCC report sound reassuringly small, but reading all that the IPCC says indicates that they have left off the key
terms that can cause large sea level rise.
RE: 4th Error -RCB- Poses an objection to the non-scientific
term catastrophic [NOTE: Scientific «consensus» is often being used & / or implied in standard climate - change discourse - Yet Consensus is a Political Term - NOT a Scientific Term]- HOWEVER - When Jim Hansen, the IPCC & Al Gore, et - al - go from predicting 450 — 500 ppm CO2 to 800 — 1000ppm by the end of the 21st century -LCB- said to the be highest atmospheric CO2 content in 20 — 30 Million YRS -RCB-; — & estimates for aver global temps by 21st century's end go from 2 * C to 6 * C to 10 * C; — & increased sea level estimates go from 10 - 20 cm to 50 - 60 cm to 1M — 2M -LCB- which would totally submerge the Maldives & partially so Bangladesh -RCB-; — predictions of the total melting of the Himalayan Ice caps by 2050, near total melting of Greenland's ice sheet & partial melting of Antarctica's ice sheet before the 21st century's end; — massive crop failures; — more intense & frequent hurricane -LCB- ala Katrina -RCB- for much longer seasonal durations, etc, etc, etc... — IMO That's Sounds pretty damned CATASTROPHIC to
term catastrophic [NOTE: Scientific «consensus» is often being used & / or implied in standard climate - change discourse - Yet Consensus is a Political
Term - NOT a Scientific Term]- HOWEVER - When Jim Hansen, the IPCC & Al Gore, et - al - go from predicting 450 — 500 ppm CO2 to 800 — 1000ppm by the end of the 21st century -LCB- said to the be highest atmospheric CO2 content in 20 — 30 Million YRS -RCB-; — & estimates for aver global temps by 21st century's end go from 2 * C to 6 * C to 10 * C; — & increased sea level estimates go from 10 - 20 cm to 50 - 60 cm to 1M — 2M -LCB- which would totally submerge the Maldives & partially so Bangladesh -RCB-; — predictions of the total melting of the Himalayan Ice caps by 2050, near total melting of Greenland's ice sheet & partial melting of Antarctica's ice sheet before the 21st century's end; — massive crop failures; — more intense & frequent hurricane -LCB- ala Katrina -RCB- for much longer seasonal durations, etc, etc, etc... — IMO That's Sounds pretty damned CATASTROPHIC to
Term - NOT a Scientific
Term]- HOWEVER - When Jim Hansen, the IPCC & Al Gore, et - al - go from predicting 450 — 500 ppm CO2 to 800 — 1000ppm by the end of the 21st century -LCB- said to the be highest atmospheric CO2 content in 20 — 30 Million YRS -RCB-; — & estimates for aver global temps by 21st century's end go from 2 * C to 6 * C to 10 * C; — & increased sea level estimates go from 10 - 20 cm to 50 - 60 cm to 1M — 2M -LCB- which would totally submerge the Maldives & partially so Bangladesh -RCB-; — predictions of the total melting of the Himalayan Ice caps by 2050, near total melting of Greenland's ice sheet & partial melting of Antarctica's ice sheet before the 21st century's end; — massive crop failures; — more intense & frequent hurricane -LCB- ala Katrina -RCB- for much longer seasonal durations, etc, etc, etc... — IMO That's Sounds pretty damned CATASTROPHIC to
Term]- HOWEVER - When Jim Hansen, the IPCC & Al Gore, et - al - go
from predicting 450 — 500 ppm CO2 to 800 — 1000ppm by the end of the 21st century -LCB- said to the be highest atmospheric CO2 content in 20 — 30 Million YRS -RCB-; — & estimates for aver global temps by 21st century's end go
from 2 * C to 6 * C to 10 * C; — & increased sea level estimates go
from 10 - 20 cm to 50 - 60 cm to 1M — 2M -LCB- which would totally submerge the Maldives & partially so Bangladesh -RCB-; —
predictions of the total melting of the Himalayan Ice caps by 2050, near total melting of Greenland's ice sheet & partial melting of Antarctica's ice sheet before the 21st century's end; — massive crop failures; — more intense & frequent hurricane -LCB- ala Katrina -RCB- for much longer seasonal durations, etc, etc, etc... — IMO That's Sounds pretty damned CATASTROPHIC to ME!
Figure 5: Arctic sea ice extent for September 2017 according to HadISST1.2, compared to an extrapolation
from the long -
term linear trend and
predictions submitted to the three SIPN reports.
Dr. John O. Roads, the director of the experimental climate
prediction center at Scripps, said that new work is showing that there are plenty of other subtle influences on long -
term weather that should eventually improve
predictions, even in years without the strong influence
from the Pacific.
Sheltered archipelagos are at risk
from ocean level rise, per long
term climate model
predictions.