Sentences with phrase «term studies established»

It was initially thought that it was only essential for infants, but longer - term studies established that it is also essential for adult humans.

Not exact matches

This crowd in terms of the study group, each of whom comes from a distinctive and important background, nonetheless establishes a situation whereby they can each and all become friends.

In terms of observable behavior, the study reveals that for most of those involved the call to the station was not a radical change in behavior, but rather an extension of already well - established behavior patterns.

In fact, one recent study justifies our excitement to add baobab fruit powder to our everyday meals by establishing the term «superfruit» and referring to baobab as part of this new - found family.

A series of major, long - term studies in the US, Sweden and the UK have established beyond doubt that such children achieve better examination results.

An emerging body of literature in adults has begun to establish clear associations between gut microbiome composition and a wide range of health outcomes.1 - 6 In contrast, comparatively little is known about the gut microbiome in infants and children, the exposures that shape it, and its lifelong health effects.7 Although limited in their size and scope, a number of studies have established associations between intestinal microbiome profiles in infants, delivery mode, and / or breast milk exposure.8 - 15 These factors both have long - term health consequences.

We eliminated each study, one at a time, then the 2 studies with total (any) breastfeeding39, 45 (rather than exclusive breastfeeding, because we assumed that to establish a milk supply, women who breastfed long - term also breastfeed exclusively in the first months) and the 2 studies with retrospective study designs22, 38 (rather than prospective study designs).

The team's research, supported by the National Science Foundation and a NASA graduate fellowship, began with a study of coastal lake sediments in Japan to establish long - term records of tsunami flooding.

Paleontology studies such as this can «establish an ecosystem's long - term past before humans altered it,» says invertebrate paleontologist Sally Walker of the University of Georgia, Athens.

The methods established in the new study can be used in future for applied purposes — for example for local protection measures, for environmental assessments by authorities, or to integrate the long - term effects of road building into scenarios of the World Bank regarding global biodiversity changes.

They are revisiting long - term study sites established to evaluate efforts to restore wetlands damaged by canals, drilling, Hurricane Katrina, and other factors.

The findings of this study are of particular importance because growth restriction is known to be associated with poor short and long term outcomes and currently there are no established preventative treatment options for SGA.»

Oil spills kill a lot of wildlife quickly, but their long - term effects are hard to establish because to compare the situation before and after a disaster, a study would need to have been already up and running before the disaster occurred.

Longer term studies are needed to establish whether the structural changes and behavioral deficits found in the mice last, Stanton says.

A new study of 60 million Americans — about 97 % of people age 65 and older in the United States — shows that long - term exposure to airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone increases the risk of premature death, even when that exposure is at levels below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) currently established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

«In the long term, we'd also like to establish a repository of process models and case studies from different manufacturing sectors so that users of the standard can compare and contrast against their production methods,» Lyons said.

The safety and efficacy of these methods have been well established through long - term clinical outcomes studies in the field, with the nasal lining protecting the brain from infection just as the blood brain barrier has done.

One surprising finding from the current study was that TL2 bonobos harbor P. gaboni, which was previously only found in chimpanzees, as well as a new Laverania species, termed P. lomamiensis, in recognition of the recently established Lomami National Park.

Additional limitations to the traditional approach include: costly failures to replicate positive results in larger trials; difficulty in determining the reasons for negative results; low yield in terms of identifying disease or intervention mechanisms due to an exclusive focus on symptom change and clinical endpoints; and, the expensive and very lengthy practice of first establishing multi-component psychosocial treatments followed by years of «unpacking» studies.

Although previous research established graphic media exposure can lead to aggression, these studies only focused on the short - term effects of violent on - screen content and typically examined participants shortly after or even while they were still playing the video games.

«Previous research has established that yoga effectively reduces sleep disturbances for cancer patients but have not included active control groups or long - term follow - up,» explains lead study author Lorenzo Cohen, Ph.D., professor of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine and director of the Integrative Medicine Program.

While more long - term studies are needed, there is no established CBD «overdose» and there are very few if any side effects at any dosage.

Shorter term studies have already established a link between cleaning products — bleach, glass cleaner, detergents, and air fresheners — and an increase in asthma.

As long as research data is obtained through hypotheses posed in testable terms and nested in a body of established theory; as long as the data collection and analytical methods permit direct investigation of the question; and as long as the study results are open to replication and professional scrutiny, we will have a professional body of research on which to base reform efforts.

According to a ten - year study (Gunn and King, 2003), teaching teams need time to work through their differences and establish trust, and to the extent possible, membership in teaching teams should be considered a long - term commitment.

The evidence is particularly strong for high school athletics, where a handful of studies have been able to establish a causal link between participation and positive long - term outcomes.

The term «charter petitioner» does not include home study programs or schools, sectarian schools, religious schools, private for - profit schools, private educational institutions not established, operated, or governed by the State of Georgia, or existing private schools.

Three well - known longitudinal studies were among the first to establish the long - term and far - reaching impacts of early childhood education: the HighScope Perry Preschool Project; the Chicago Child - Parent Centers, or CPC, program; and the Carolina Abecedarian Preschool program.

States should also seek to study and authorize charter schools that promote innovative high school designs with quality control systems in place or establish what is termed «innovation status» for traditional public schools.

While finding young growth stocks, or established growth stocks suffering a short - term problem / reversal, is maybe a cheaper & higher potential strategy, it's also a lot more difficult to execute than it seems like with case studies & a bit of hindsight.

The article notes that academic studies have established that as much as 90 % of your long - term results can be traced to this fundamental allocation decision.

This same study also established, based on cat owners» assessment, that with longer - term use of gabapentin17:

Scientific studies that have been published in established and recognized scientific journals provide more insight into what is good for the long - term health of pets than much of the information that appears online or in blogs.»

Established under the terms of his will, The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts — the largest single artist foundation in the United States — aims to further the study of his work in photography.

The study I am citing is Alley and Anandakrishnan, 1995, «Variations in melt - layer frequency in the GISP2 ice core: implications for Holocene summer temperatures in central Greenland» published in the Annals of Glaciology for establishing the long - term frequency of melt events at Summit, Greenland.

Moreover, it also includes a number of detection and attribution studies, the IPCC's «gold standard» in terms of inferring climate change and establishing consistency of AO - GCM simulations of greenhouse gas induced warming with observations.

Professor Gaines currently serves as a science advisor for the Joint Ocean Commission and is a principal investigator for PISCO (Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal Oceans), a long - term consortium was instrumental in establishing to further collaborative study of marine ecosystems throughout the Pacific.

Jan developed recommendations to the Puget Sound Partnership on the use of innovative financial mechanisms for the recovery of the Puget Sound ecosystem, worked with the Puget Sound Restoration Fund to establish a payments for services pilot for nitrogen removal by shellfish in Puget Sound, assisted BC Hydro develop performance measures for their long term environmental goal, and led studies evaluating impacts of flow alteration on aquatic ecosystems for King County.

«The initial challenge is simply to establish a system that will demonstrate the societal decision that GHG emissions shall have a price, and to provide the signal of what constitutes appropriate short - term and long - term measures to limit GHG emissions,» the study concluded.

The good news is (at least from the perspective of science) that the role of carbon dioxide in climate change is very well established — at the theoretical level in terms of quantum physics, at the experimental level in terms of the study of the absorbtion and re-emission of radiation by carbon dioxide, at the numerical level (when equations get a little too complicated — but a good approximation can result from intensive computation by means of our fairly advanced computers), in terms of historical trends going back more than 500,000 years — and countless studies.

Sampling the Certification Exam provides students with 10 practice problems that model the test format of the certification exams.Learning Objectives establish clear goals for students as they begin their chapter study helping them focus on the information that is most critical to their success.Key Terms are highlighted and defined to help students better comprehend the language they will use when communicating with patients and other healthcare professionals.Safety Notes alert students to important safety reminders that must be heeded to provide safe and effective patient care.Photographs and Illustrations help students visualize pharmacy procedures medication dosage forms supplies equipment and real - world patient interactions.Tables and Chapter Summaries encapsulate key points of the chapter and offer students beneficial study aids.

Several long - term studies suggest that once - a-week sex actually is the norm for most established couples.

Although the long - term relation between reckless driving and video game play has been established [19], [20] this study is the first, to our knowledge, to show a direct long - term relation between passive exposure to reckless driving content in movies and reckless driving among adolescents.

To date, the immediate and lasting positive effects of quality care on language, cognitive development, and school achievement have been confirmed by converging findings from large, reasonably representative longitudinal studies and smaller, randomized trials with long - term follow - ups.1, 2,9 - 13 Contributors to this knowledge base include meta - analytic reviews of interventions and large longitudinal studies conducted in several countries.1, 2,14,15 Comprehensive meta - analyses now establish that effects of early care decline, but do not disappear, and when initial effects are large, long - term effects remain substantial.1, 2 Null findings in cognitive and social domains in a few studies may reasonably be attributed to the limitations inherent to their designs, samples, and measures.

«This study showed that couples» newlywed marriages and changes in their union over the first two years foreshadow their long - term marital fate after thirteen years... disillusionment — as reflected in an abatement of love, a decline in overt affection, a lessening of the conviction that one's spouse is responsive, and an increase in ambivalence — distinguishes couples headed for divorce from those who establish a stable marital bond.»

It has been well - established in countless studies that parents who are warm, responsive to children's questions and emotions, provide structure, set limits and make demands for competence (authoritative parents, in Baumrind's terms) have children who are more likely to succeed in the early years of school and get along successfully with peers.9, 10,11 The problem with these studies is that they do not establish antecedent - consequent connections.