«In
terms of space weather forecasting, we're where meteorologists were in the 1950s.
Not exact matches
Yet the surfaces
of nearly half
of all NEAs appear fresh, as scientists
term it, with no effects
of space weathering.
The study
of planetary atmospheres other than the Earth's, and in particular the study
of the role
of plasma - neutral interactions in their evolution, could contribute to our understanding
of the long -
term space weather (referred to also as
space climate) effects and finally the origins
of life itself (Yamauchi & Wahlund 2007).
In view
of future missions to the outer Solar System, an accurate identification
of the
space weather conditions around a planet can contribute significantly in the estimation
of the water abundances in the planetary atmospheres and their long - and short -
term variability.
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) has a 3 year, fixed
term appointment available as part
of a NERC funded project: Modelling the acceleration, transport and loss
of radiation belt electrons to protect satellites from
space weather (Rad - Sat).
These long -
term observations
of the sun are intended to improve the accuracy
of space weather forecasts.
«For example, Biological Sciences units work much better in
Terms 1 and 4 when the
weather is warmer; Earth and
Space Sciences work better for us in south - east Queensland in
Term 3, when there's less chance
of cloud and more variety
of weather types.»
He says skeptics should be careful to distinguish between
weather - which is local and short -
term - and climate, which covers broad stretches
of time and
space.
The greatest potential damage caused by
space weather in economic
terms would be the destruction
of infrastructure required for continent - sized power distribution systems.
Residential and commercial consumption
of natural gas is primarily for
space heating, water heating, and cooking; the most influential short -
term factor for these sectors is
weather (quantified here as heating degree - days).
Therefore it is necessary to investigate the impact
of space weather / climate on long -
term trends in the upper atmosphere - ionosphere system.
Therefore, important question to be answered in the recent studies is how to assess the impact
of space weather / climate on long -
term trends in the upper atmosphere - ionosphere system.
The role
of space weather / climate in long -
term changes and trends in the upper atmosphere - ionosphere was more important in the past, when it controlled the trends in ionospheric parameters.
Concerning
space weather, future studies should focus on analysis
of the long - lasting and very deep solar cycle minimum and related very low level
of geomagnetic activity in order to estimate its influence on long -
term trends in the ionosphere, particularly on future trends, as we can expect weak solar cycles in the coming decades.
Long -
term trends and changes (longer than solar cycle) can partly be caused by long -
term changes
of trend drivers
of solar /
space weather origin like geomagnetic activity, which in
terms of the aa - index was increasing over almost the whole 20th century (e.g., Mursula & Martini 2006), even though now it is low.
we have grown infrastructure exponentially in such a short
space of time that we have no idea what any
of the extreme
weather patterns mean for the long
term survival
of life on Earth.