And adapting the models to accommodate a project requires a lot of skill — and bravery, if the publisher claims you won't get the promised
test score gains if you monkey around with their sequence and instructional methods!
Not exact matches
If the same approach is applied to the STAR sample to adjust for the fact that some students did not enroll in the class they were assigned to - and a comparable sample of low - income black students is used - the
gains in
test scores after two years of attending a small class (average of 16 students) as opposed to a regular - size class (average of 23 students) is 9.1 national percentile ranks in reading and 9.8 ranks in math.
Even
if we ignore the fact that most portfolio managers, regulators, and other policy makers rely on the level of
test scores (rather than
gains) to gauge quality, math and reading achievement results are not particularly reliable indicators of whether teachers, schools, and programs are improving later - life outcomes for students.
If we used
test scores as a proxy for school or program quality, we would wrongly conclude that this program did not help, since the
test score gains faded even though the benefits endured.
If this practice were the case, the greatest fall - to - spring achievement
gains would occur among students around the threshold, while other students would struggle to match expected
test -
score gains.
If we can't reliably use rigorously identified
test score gains to predict later life outcomes, then on what basis will regulators be able to judge quality to protect families against making bad choices?
If charter schools were primarily established in response to dissatisfaction with traditional public schools, they would tend to be located in areas with low - quality traditional public schools where students would tend to make below - average
test -
score gains.
If regulators are unable to predict which schools will be good (assuming, falsely, that
test score gains are a reliable indicator of good schools), how are they supposed to «protect» parents from making bad choices about schools?
Fortunately, we have a recent study that examined whether the criteria used by regulators in New Orleans are predictive of
test score growth — even
if we accept
test gains as a reliable indicator of quality.
Since the Colorado Growth Model compares students only to those who had similar
test scores in the past, a student can show «high growth» by
gaining five months of learning a year
if the comparison group is only
gaining four months.
A study by researchers at the National Center on Performance Incentives at Vanderbilt finds that teachers who were offered rewards of up to $ 15,000
if their students met goals for
test -
score gains did not outperform teachers who were not offered the bonuses.
It's true that students from those schools who did enroll in post-secondary schooling were more likely to go to a 4 than 2 year college, but it is unclear
if this is a desirable outcome given that it may be a mismatch for their needs and this more nuanced effect is not commensurate with the giant
test score gains.
If inferior
test score gains by charter schools is the heart of the piece, you would think that the article would present evidence supporting that claim.
Second, Rick thinks there is an inconsistency in my suspicion that
test - prep and manipulation are largely responsible for
test score improvements by Milwaukee choice schools after they were required to take high - stakes
tests, while I interpret research from Florida as showing schools made exceptional
test score gains when faced with the prospect of having vouchers offered to their students
if scores did not improve.
If sizable increases in test scores were due to an especially talented teacher, the gains would be likely to have a greater permanent component, even if students regressed a bit the following yea
If sizable increases in
test scores were due to an especially talented teacher, the
gains would be likely to have a greater permanent component, even
if students regressed a bit the following yea
if students regressed a bit the following year.
«We find that following a ban on phone use, student
test scores improve by 6.41 %... our results indicate that there are no significant
gains in student performance
if a ban is not widely complied with,» Beland and Murphy write in the LSE paper.
Even
if observation
scores are completely uncorrelated with
test score gains, parents and communities might prefer that teachers
score well on them.
Or, put another way,
if teachers were generating high
test score gains from their students by creating a climate of abject fear in their classrooms, their observation
scores should be low and that information is useful.
If the project had produced what Gates was hoping, it would have found that classroom observations were strong, independent predictors of other measures of effective teaching, like student
test score gains.
If we think we can know which schools of choice are good and ought to be expanded and which are bad and ought to be closed based primarily on annual
test score gains, we are sadly mistaken.
If this were true, one would expect the patterns of
test -
score gains across items to differ for low - versus high - performing students and schools.
Even
if the resulting
test -
score gains are large, it is not clear that the schools are performing any better at the entire array of things we want them to do.
There are therefore several things to think about as we further explore the AEI study: long term outcomes do indeed matter a lot, especially for poor kids;
if large
test -
score gains don't eventually translate into improved long term outcomes, it is a legitimate cause for concern; and we must stay open to the possibility that some programs could help kids immensely over the long haul, even
if they don't immediately improve student achievement.
This suggests an alternative criterion by which to judge changes in student performance - namely, that achievement
gains on
test items that measure particular skills or understandings may be meaningful even
if the student's overall
test score does not fully generalize to other exams.
If we link
test scores to monetary
gain, I have no doubt that we will see some increases in
test scores but at what cost and by what means?»
Nearly half surveyed had a negative impression of using
test scores in teacher evaluation, but 68 percent approved of paying teachers more
if their students show
gains in academic achievement.
If I were running a school I'd probably want to evaluate teachers using a mixture of student
test score gains, classroom observations, and feedback from parents, students, and other staff.
Students will need to
gain as many points as possible on the RLA ER item, but even
if a low number of points are obtained, all of those points will be counted towards the
test - takers»
score, unlike on the current writing
test.
Even
if we were confident that the
test score gains in New Orleans are not being driven by changes in the student population following Katrina (and Doug and his colleagues are doing their best with constrained data and research design to show that), and even
if these
test score gains translate into higher high school graduation and college attendance rates (which Doug and his colleagues have not yet been able to examine), we still would have no idea whether portfolio management and other high regulations in NOLA helped, hurt, or made no difference in producing these results.
The reason is that even
if evidence showed the impact of such policies on observable outcomes, such as student
test scores, we know that good teachers produce learning
gains in areas that go beyond
tested academic subjects.
For example, high turnover of students throughout the year can affect the
gains students make on achievement
tests; and,
if the class size is small, the
scores of only a few students can affect the size of the
gains.
Students who
score at Level 1 or 2 are considered not to be on track to take college - level courses and would be required to take English or math placement
tests if they
gain admission to a CSU campus.
If the project - based learning schools show measurable
gains in
test scores or graduation rates, she said, the district will look to them for methods that can be expanded to primary schools.
What
if test score gains are not really indicators of «value?»
Thus,
if California were to keep these old rules, a school that should be applauded for its strong
gains for English learners would fall in the «red zone» on the display developed by the state to indicate how a school is doing on a number of measures, including standardized
test scores.
That said, the highest - quality research studies find that charter schools tend to produce greater
gains in math and reading
test scores for traditionally disadvantaged students, compared to the
gains these same students would achieve
if they attended a traditional public school.
Attrition
If we are using student
test score gains, which are measured in 11th grade, should we be concerned that some students in the sample went to choice schools for the beginning of high school but then transfered or vice versa?
«Teachers who were paid in advance and [were] asked to give the money back
if their students did not perform — their [students»]
test scores were actually out of the roof: two to three times higher than the
gains of the teachers in the traditional bonus group.»
If enough of their
test scores make big
gains, add a bonus point.