However, because M. barkeri has a complex cell wall, produces a thick outer layer of polysaccharide, and grows in large aggregates of cells rather
than as individual cells, standard RNA extraction protocols give incomplete lysis of cells and result in low yields of poor - quality RNA.
Not exact matches
The
individuals in these groups, moreover, are regarded
as cells of an organic whole rather
than as persons interacting with each other in relations some of which are of a more and some of a less determined nature.
Rather
than carry out conventional bulk analysis of
cells, the research group examined
individual cells, screening them for the presence of two critical gene mutations common in AML, known
as FLT3 and NPM1.
Using a technique known
as single -
cell RNA sequencing, the team explored more
than 65,000
individual cells that exist under normal or inflammatory conditions, looking for genes that were more active in one state or subpopulation versus another.
Rather
than looking out only for themselves like other bacterial species, the
individual myxobacteria
cells band together
as a social group to assist their kin that become damaged.
That DNA includes slightly less
than 21,000 protein - coding genes (some researchers once estimated we had more
than 100,000 such genes); «genes» for 8800 small RNA molecules and 9600 long noncoding RNA molecules, each of which is at least 200 bases long; and 11,224 stretches of DNA that are classified
as pseudogenes, «dead» genes now known to really be active in some
cell types or
individuals.
His team has developed an innovative technique for detecting these reservoirs — a way of taking a «photo» of each
individual cell hiding the virus — a significant breakthrough,
as this approach is 1,000 times more accurate
than current technologies.
However some technical challenges still need to be taken to make the technology more accessible and usable to its full potential: gaining selective and comprehensive genetic access to the neurons of interest, controlling variation in the expression of the optogenetic tools (when using viruses) and its precise localization (axon vs. presynaptic terminals), tailoring light - delivery system signals to
individual cells in a population rather
than the population
as a whole, developing observation techniques which have the same spatial and temporal resolution
as those tools... to cite only a few of them.
To further maximize accuracy, the researchers recommend that future studies involving stem
cells use
cell lines from
as many
individuals as possible rather
than generating multiple
cell lines from the same
individual.
By reviewing the experimental studies that compared the mechanics of
individual normal and cancer
cells, we argue that cancer
cells can indeed be considered
as softer
than normal
cells.