Early Head Start parents were more emotionally supportive of their children and less detached
than control group parents, as well as significantly more supportive of language and learning.
Findings from the National Early Head Start Research and Evaluation project, a rigorous Congressionally - mandated study, indicate that the program had modest but positive impacts on EHS children at age three in cognitive, language, and social - emotional development, compared to a control group.xxiii In addition, their parents scored higher
than control group parents on such aspects of the home environment as parenting behavior and knowledge of infant - toddler development.
Not exact matches
Parents whose children used an Opportunity Scholarship also expressed greater confidence in their children's safety in school than parents in the control
Parents whose children used an Opportunity Scholarship also expressed greater confidence in their children's safety in school
than parents in the control
parents in the
control group.
Also, Hispanic
parents in the
control group continued to rate their children's schools more favorably
than did African American
parents.
Teske and Schneider note that the existing empirical work on school vouchers is quite positive on a variety of issues: academic considerations appear paramount when
parents choose schools; voucher recipients are more satisfied with their schools
than their peers within public schools; and vouchers lead to «clear performance gains for some
groups of students using the vouchers, particularly blacks, compared with the
control group.»
The effect of the Nurse - Family Partnership on African - American boys specifically has not been isolated, but in one study in Memphis — where the participants were overwhelmingly African - American (though not all boys)-- the children whose
parents participated in the program performed significantly better during their first years at school
than did those in the
control group.
If Mr. Talton could provide two random assignment
control -
group studies of the attitudes of
parents who have actually used a private school - choice program showing anything less
than substantial improvement in satisfaction with their child's school, I offered to buy him a steak dinner.
The ANCOVA analyses (table 2) indicated that the
parents in the intervention
group had improved their mental health more
than the
parents in the
control group 2 months after the intervention (95 % CI, 2.02 to 5.18).
It was proposed that improvement for both
parents and adolescents would be greater
than that demonstrated by the wait - list
control group.
Although outcome measures improved more in the FLNP
group than in the
control group, the results of this trial fail to show that FLNP improved
parenting or child or parental well - being more
than could be expected by chance and do not provide evidence that FLNP represents value for money.
As the researchers have reported elsewhere (Stewart - Brown et al, 2012), there was an inherent danger that
parents who felt most in need of the programme - with the greatest potential to change their
parenting practices - would decline to be part of an RCT rather
than risk being allocated to the
control group.
Larger effect sizes were found in studies with higher proportion of girls, with a healthy
control group, from developing countries, published before 1990, and that used
parent rating or clinician ratings rather
than child ratings.
Most notably, home - visited families participating in Early Head Start reported experiencing significantly less stress in their
parenting roles
than did
control families.95 The same pattern occurred in Queensland: mothers who received home - visiting services reported less stress in the
parenting role
than did mothers in the
control group.96 Healthy Families programs in Alaska, San Diego, and Hawaii also examined
parenting stress in their evaluations.
Although both
groups improved over time, and the intervention
group more so
than the
control group, the difference in change between
groups was not statistically significant at 9 months (change in negative
parenting:
control group +1.41, 95 % CI − 0.47 to 3.30; FLNP
group +2.31, 95 % CI 0.21 to 4.41; difference in change +0.90, 95 % CI − 1.90 to 3.69; change in supportive
parenting:
control group +0.38, 95 % CI − 0.15 to 0.91; FLNP
group +0.55, 95 % CI − 025.
In the Elmira demonstration, intervention mothers were less likely to punish or physically restrain their children
than mothers in the
control group.62 Among home - visited families who participated in Early Start, less punitive
parenting was observed, though the effect was modest.63 Several other programs have identified reductions in the frequency with which mothers spanked their children at thirty - six months, including Healthy Families San Diego, 64 Early Head Start, 65 and IHDP.66 No effects on harsh
parenting were found in the CCDP.67
Behavior therapy is considered probably efficacious for childhood depression, and a number of other experimental interventions show promise but require further evaluation.12 Currently, only 2 research
groups have focused on psychosocial interventions for childhood bipolar disorder.13 - 15 Hence, increased attention to creation and testing of treatments specifically targeting depression and bipolar disorder in children is needed.16 In particular, studies should focus on children's developmental needs, address comorbidity, involve family members in treatment, demonstrate treatment gains as rated by
parents and clinicians rather
than children themselves, and compare experimental interventions with standard care or treatment as usual (TAU) rather
than no - treatment or attention
control groups.12, 17,18 In addition, parental psychopathology may affect treatment adherence and response.
In another evaluation of an early - intervention approach,
parents of 51 preschool - aged children suspected of having an ASD participated in the Hanen More
Than Words program either immediately or after a delay.15 Investigators» operationalization of «suspected ASD» included identification of language delay and concerns about social behavior by a pediatrician and / or a speech and language therapist, which resulted in inclusion of children without ASDs within the intervention and
control groups.
A second MDRC monograph, reviewing and synthesizing the relevant research, focused on how policies directed at increasing employment among low - income
parents affected their adolescent children.4 Unlike elementary school - aged children, the teenagers fared worse
than their
control group counterparts.
A randomised
controlled trial of a version of
Group Triple P for fathers in New Zealand has shown that when men are treated as active participants in the parenting process, rather than being assumed to be there to play a supporting role, men are just as likely as their partner to actively participate in group sess
Group Triple P for fathers in New Zealand has shown that when men are treated as active participants in the
parenting process, rather
than being assumed to be there to play a supporting role, men are just as likely as their partner to actively participate in
group sess
group sessions.
When
Parent Management Training (PMT) was provided to
parents of problem children ages 3 - 8, the children fared far better
than a
control group of children assigned to a waiting list for the program.
We hypothesized that VIP and BB would each be associated with enhanced
parent - child interaction compared with the
control group and that VIP would have greater effects
than BB.
Some studies15, 19 noted that mothers with BPD were more likely
than control groups to be
parenting without the support of a partner, or within a household that frequently changed in its composition.17 This study also noted that children of BPD
parents had experienced more changes in school, and more non-maternal care
than controls.
Weiss et al33 reported that children (with a mean age of 11) whose mother had BPD, were more likely to have a behavioural disorder or attention deficit disorder
than the children in the
control group, whose
parents had a range of other personality disorders (but not BPD).
Initial assessments conducted roughly 3 months after this 10 - week attachment - based
parenting program showed a normalization of diurnal cortisol slopes in CPS - referred children who were randomly assigned to the experimental
group, but not in those in the
control group.27 Our analyses revealed a similar pattern of results at the preschool follow - up, such that children in the ABC arm showed a more typical pattern of cortisol production, with higher morning levels and a steeper decline across the day,
than children in the
control condition.
Furthermore,
parents in the intervention
group might have believed that the
parenting programme is efficacious, and consequently feel and perform better
than those who were in the
control group, as they were aware of
group allocation.
Additionally, Early Head Start children and
parents had more positive interactions, and these
parents provided more support for learning
than did those in a
control group.
When asked about their adolescent children,
parents in the programs under study reported worse school performance, a higher rate of grade repetition, and more use of special educational services
than did
control group parents.
It found that by the age of four, the IQ of children whose
parents participated was 10 points higher
than the
control group.
In multivariate models, the home visitation
group demonstrated significantly better
parenting behavior scores at follow - up
than did the
control group (P =.01) but showed no differences in
parenting stress or mental health.
Sells and colleagues (forthcoming) found that participants in the
Parenting with Love and Limits ® (PLL) treatment
group had significantly fewer offenses during the 12 months after program completion
than the
control group (23.5 percent for PLL attendees, compared with 59.0 percent for
control group).
Parents who participated in the discussion
group reported fewer behavioral difficulties in their children after the intervention
than those in the
control condition.
Parents in the intervention
group on lying also scored higher on the perception test
than did the
control group.
Of the four readiness areas measured, only the Action subscale was significantly higher at posttest for the PLL
group than for the
control group, though it is unclear whether the youths rated this subscale high because they were ready for change or they thought their
parents should change.
Results indicate that Intention to Treat (ITT) intervention effects were found regarding
parent report at ages 2 to 5 and teacher report at age 7.5, indicating less growth in problem behavior for children in the intervention
group than for those in the
control group.
Differences in
parent — infant reciprocity and intrusiveness were found, with mother - risk
groups scoring less optimally
than controls and infant - risk
groups scoring the poorest.
MIT using bibliotherapy was chosen as a comparison
group because: (a) it seemed inappropriate to withhold treatment by assigning children to wait - list
groups when the efficacy of moderately intensive
parent training is well - established; (b) comparisons to alternative treatments provide stronger tests of treatment efficacy
than do comparisons to untreated
controls; and (c) WLC cause problems in assessing outcomes because WLCs generate a disproportionate number of dropouts that are difficult to address in «completer» analyses (Werba et al., 2006).
Children of
parents in the KEEP
group were also found to have higher rates of reunification with biological or adoptive families and fewer placement disruptions
than those in the
control condition.
At 6 - month follow - up,
parents who participated in the Level 3 Triple P Discussion
Group reported fewer behavioral difficulties in their children after the intervention
than those in the
control condition.
Results indicated at 1 - year follow - up, as compared to
control group parents, CPP
parents used less corporal punishment and issued fewer commands with their children, while CPP children exhibited fewer behavior problems during observed play and clean - up sessions
than controls, but no differences on the ECBI.
With respect to negative
parenting, Healthy Families mothers in the High Prevention Opportunity subgroup were less likely
than their counterparts in the
control group to use harsh
parenting, while no differences were detected for the Limited Prevention Opportunity subgroup.
We compared the therapist - led treatments to the MIT condition rather
than a wait - list
control because: (a) the superiority of
parent training over wait - list
controls seemed well - established and there appeared to be little additional benefit from conducting another comparison of
parent training with a wait - list
group; and (b) families receiving mental health care often come for too few sessions to complete a 12 - session treatment program such as those often used in manual - driven, empirically - supported treatments.
Results from Cohort I indicated that
parents in the EBPP indicated significant improvements in parental rejection, in the quality of family relationships, and in child behavior outcomes
than those in the
control group.
With respect to negative
parenting, Healthy Families NY mothers in the High Prevention Opportunity subgroup were less likely
than their counterparts in the
control group to use harsh
parenting, while no differences were detected for the Limited Prevention Opportunity subgroup.
First, in studies in which
parents are the sole informant on child outcomes following intervention, there is a potential for reporting bias, as
parents might be more invested in the intervention condition and motivated to report improvements in child functioning
than parents in
control groups.
Children in the BASIC
parent training video modeling
group were observed to have higher rates of prosocial behavior
than control group children.
Children in the treatment
group that included teacher training and
parent training showed marginally significantly greater improvement in internalizing behaviors, as reported by mothers,
than the waiting - list
control children.
Child training
group children had larger reductions
than did
control group children in
parent - reported total problem behaviors, teachers» reports of aggression toward peers, and independent observations of child deviance and noncompliance.
Parents in the treatment group showed significantly greater improvement in positive and negative discipline than parents in the waiting - list control
Parents in the treatment
group showed significantly greater improvement in positive and negative discipline
than parents in the waiting - list control
parents in the waiting - list
control group.
Both mothers and fathers in the IVM
group and GDVM
group reported significantly less - frequent problem behaviors and less spanking
than the
parents in the
control group reported.
The videotape - based
parenting - skills
group with therapist - facilitated discussion showed greater reductions
than the
control group showed in the frequency of problem behaviors and in the intensity of the three most troubling behaviors.