Organic agriculture performs better
than conventional agriculture on a per hectare scale, both with respect to direct energy consumption (fuel and oil) and indirect consumption (synthetic fertilizers and pesticides).
The review of relevant research conducted by Stolze et al. (2000) concludes that under European conditions organic
agriculture has beneficial effects
on the characteristics of soil organic matter because the soil organic carbon content is higher
on organically farmed soils
than on conventional ones.