Not exact matches
That would limit the amount of GHGs per unit of output rather
than putting a
cap on aggregate
emissions.
Current
emissions are less
than the
cap — approximately 70 megatonnes / year.
Opinion: Wynne is wrong when she claims the Conservative carbon tax plan will cost families more
than cap and trade and do less to cut
emissions
Overly optimistic projections of future oil supply, which are much higher
than the latest NEB projections and don't consider the Alberta government's
cap on oil sands
emissions imposed by its Climate Leadership Plan.
Ensure that the tradable
emission permits under Governor Pataki's proposed regional carbon
cap are auctioned rather
than given away with the proceeds used to mitigate negative distributional effects on low and moderate income households and to serve other economically and socially important purposes.
The RGGI program also might not actually curb
emissions, because power plants are already emitting less
than the proposed
cap — due to take effect on January 1, 2009, and based on projections from 2005 — thanks to slower
than anticipated growth in electricity generation.
Energy Both John McCain and Barack Obama have called for a
cap - and - trade system to cut carbon
emissions, although Obama's proposed reduction (80 percent from 1990 levels by 2050) is larger
than McCain's (65 percent).
Some economists believe a simple tax on greenhouse gas
emissions makes more sense
than the elaborate
cap - and - trade regime for carbon dioxide envisioned by Evolution and other players in the nascent market.
In response to a tax on greenhouse - gas
emissions imposed by the Norwegian government, each year the company now removes about 1 million tons of CO2 captured as a waste product from the natural gas it recovers and pumps more
than 99 percent of it 2,600 feet beneath the seafloor into a porous sandstone formation
capped by impervious rock.
And to negate some of the advantage this approach automatically gives to electric cars (whose greenhouse
emissions include those generated by electric utilities), the award also incorporates other measures in its criteria, including a
cap on greenhouse gas
emissions of no more
than 200 grams per mile.
Any serious attempt to tax or
cap carbon
emissions would make PurGen's hydrogen much more attractive to the chemical industry
than the conventional sort.
A truly strict global system, involving the majority of countries and imposing a tight
cap on total
emissions, would cut
emissions more
than the European trading scheme.
The new rule would
cap municipal landfill
emissions at a lower level
than currently required.
There's another advantage to this approach, which is that there is far stronger public support for advancing and disseminating low - carbon energy sources
than there is for restricting
emissions of carbon dioxide using a rising cost through a
cap.
Even better, we will probably tout a toothless legislation to mollify those who believe that ham - handed, extremely political and self - serving
emission caps are better
than American innovation — or, if at the very least a compromise distinctly American market - based approach, like a Pigovian tax.
We definitely need some sort of mechanism to assign a cost / price to carbon
emissions, but that could be a carbon tax of some sort rather
than a
cap - and - trade system.
This would be helpful in calculating the atmospheric concentration at which CO2 would cease to increase if
emissions were naturally (or forcibly)
capped at X % higher levels
than today.
If the US cuts
emissions more
than its
cap, then it can sell its extra permits to other countries and make money.
The announcement by the U.S. and China was important for several reasons: Together they account for around 40 percent of global GHG
emissions, according to the Union of Concerned Scientists; there had heretofore been few signs of a Chinese willingness to commit to
capping emissions; and it raised hope that future global negotiations might actually yield an agreement to rein in
emissions enough to keep the average global temperature from rising more
than 2 degrees Celsius.
In the course of this review, the idea of an
emissions containment reserve (ECR) mechanism has been proposed to address a common issue confronting
cap - and - trade programs worldwide: the prices for
emissions allowances tend to be significantly lower
than program designers anticipate in advance, making mid-course corrections necessary for it to perform as intended.
Obama proudly states that his EPA regulations can actually produce a greater
emissions reduction
than would his initial nearly - worthless proposal of a
cap - and - trade «scheme».
Increased efficiency is achieved by means of a longer trading period (8 years instead of 5 years), a robust and annually declining
emissions cap (21 % reduction in 2020 compared to 2005) and a substantial increase in the amount of auctioning (from less
than 4 % in phase 2 to more
than half in phase 3).
Yet RGGI hasn't induced a robust enough carbon price to drive down
emissions, primarily because the initial
emissions «
cap» was set 45 % higher
than actual
emissions by the covered power plants and wasn't tightened enough to actually «bind» until four years later.
On the first criterion, Weitzman points out that while a carbon tax is more easily administered and more transparent
than a
cap - and - trade system, a carbon
cap or a tax can both achieve cost - effective
emissions reductions.
Julie Tighe, DEC Chief of Staff, said that «
emissions from the power sector in New York have fallen more
than 50 % since the states agreed to set the
cap in 2005.»
Analyst Mark Lewis of Kepler Cheuvreaux, a Swiss private bank, calculates that to meet
emissions targets that could
cap global warming at 2 degrees Celsius will mean lost fossil - fuel revenues of no less
than $ 28 trillion (PDF) in the coming two decades.
So, once we clear away the underbrush, we can see that the case for a carbon tax or a
cap - and - trade
emissions rationing system is really that it would be a hedge against the risk that actual damages from warming would be much, much worse
than current risk - adjusted projections indicate.
A few Democrats, particularly those representing poorer industrial areas, were deeply suspicious of
cap - and - trade policies to rein in greenhouse gas
emissions, arguing that their constituents would be hurt when a local polluter simply paid for pollution allowances rather
than cutting back on the pollution itself.
In other words, not only does Germany already have a far more aggressive
emissions reduction goal
than most other developed nations, but it's also part of the EU, which has implemented a serious system to
cap carbon
emissions.
The EU has long led the way on carbon
emissions, implementing a
cap and trade system in 2005, having set ambitious
emissions reductions targets, having per person
emissions that are less
than half of those in the USA, Canada, and Australia, and which in general has been the global model on climate policy.
So far, the industrialised countries» targets are proving much more effective at
capping ambition and innovation
than they are at
capping emissions.
There is, anyway, no certainty that an
emissions -
cap policy would have more political appeal
than a carbon tax.
If the total society - wide
cap, before it is allocated among emitters within the jurisdiction of the government allocating the
cap, is less
than the government's fair share of safe global
emissions, then the
cap is not environmentally just particularly to those who are vulnerable to climate change.
He argues that humanity and the Earth will be able to handle increased greenhouse gases and that lifting people in developing countries from poverty is more important
than capping emissions.
We know that things like energy independence, getting off oil, getting out of the Middle East, and creating jobs and economic development in the new clean energy industries of the future are much higher priorities for most voters
than capping carbon
emissions or taxing dirty energy sources.
But
capping emissions on a fixed schedule would produce its own uncertainties: if alternatives to fossil fuels (e.g., renewables, efficiencies, carbon sequestration) materialized more slowly
than planned, demand would not be met and price rises would ensue.
Happily, Hsu debunks the notion of «
emissions certainty» that was used to sell
cap - and - trade, by pointing out that for a «stock» pollutant such as CO2 that persists in the atmosphere for a century, the objective must be cumulative rather
than annual reductions.
There are also few incentives other
than small fees for extra
emissions in the
cap - and - trade component of the deal, that may not do much to stop increasing
emissions.
If the EPA acts unilaterally to restrict carbon dioxide
emissions, the impact on the economy could be even worse
than a
cap and trade law enacted by Congress.
The bill's introduction claims to
cap emissions and expand clean energy, and though it would do neither, in the simulacrum that is global warming politics, these symbolic intentions were more
than sufficient for Democrats and greens to proclaim the bill a «breakthrough» and for Republicans to vote en masse against it.
Under the deal, Xi announced targets for
capping his country's carbon
emissions around 2030 — earlier
than currently planned — and plans to increase the use of alternative energy to account for 20 % of the country's total by 2030.
Renewable electricity standards or clean energy standards would accomplish considerably less and would impose much higher costs per ton of
emissions reduction
than cap - and - trade would.
Even as the global Kyoto Protocol collapsed and
cap and trade legislation foundered in Congress, U.S.
emissions have declined faster
than any nation's in the world.
If countries instead abide by the pledges to cut carbon
emissions after 2020 that they each made voluntarily ahead of the Paris climate summit, the average temperature will likely go up by at least two degrees Celsius, a less -
than - catastrophic situation that could «still destroy most coral reefs and glaciers and melt significant parts of the Greenland ice
cap, bringing major rises in sea levels,» according to The Guardian.
Burleson is recently reported to have said that, while he «not opposed to
emissions trading, per se,» he «credits the US government for inventing the
cap - and - trade concept as an environmental policy» but «in areas other
than aviation.»
In 2030, the regional
cap on power - sector
emissions will be 65 percent lower
than in 2009, RGGI's first year.
The modeling projects that the vast majority of
emission reductions achieved by these industries under a
cap - and - trade program will be from reductions in the
emission - intensity of their production (e.g., increased energy efficiency, or shifts to lower -
emission production methods), rather
than from declines in production associated with increased imports from unregulated countries.
The annual
emissions tallies from the JRC will become increasingly important in the coming years, as countries move toward implementing and verifying the main goal of the Paris Agreement: to
cap global warming at less
than two degrees Celsius.
He wants to give out many
emission permits free to energy - intensive industries and to the local distribution companies (LDCs) that funnel electricity to users, rather
than auctioning the permits off, and he wants permit giveaways to the industrial sector to continue throughout the whole length of the
cap - and - trade program, rather
than be phased out.
In late 2014, Washington State Governor Jay Inslee released a proposal for a
cap - and - trade program that would cover an estimated 130 facilities and fuel distributors operating in the state that emit more
than 25,000 metric tons of GHG
emissions per year.